Huángshíxī máofēng

Huangshixi Maofeng (Huángshíxī máofēng, 黄石溪毛峰) ndi tiyi wobiriwira wochokera ku mapiri a Jiuhuashan (九华山) m’boma la Qingyang (青阳县) m’chigawo cha Chizhou kumwera kwa chigawo cha Anhui. Dzinali linachokera ku mudzi wa Huangshi-xi, kutanthauza “Mtsinje wa Miyala Yachikasu”, m’tauni ya Lingyang. Boma la Jiuhuashan limaika tiyiyu m’gulu la fungo la “ma chestnut”, mosiyana ndi Minyuan maofeng wa fungo la orchid wochokera ku phiri lomwelo, ndipo limanena kuti tiyi wa Huangshi-xi adalandira mendulo ya golide pa Panamanian Exhibition ya 1915. Malo otetezedwa afotokozedwa m’magawo awiri: dera lalikulu ndi pakati penipeni pofotokoza magulu khumi opanga. Kwa tiyiyu adalembedwa mtundu wamba wa chitsamba ndi njira ziwiri zopangira - zamanja ndi zamakina.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi

• Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, lǜchá). Njira yopangira malinga ndi kufotokoza kwa chizindikiro cha malo ndi kukhazikika, kuumba ndi kuumitsa, popanda kutsekemera kapena kuwira.
• Gulu: Maofeng - “nsonga za ubweya”: mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza tiyi wa masamba ndi ubweya, osati dzina lachindunji. Mawu omwewo ali mu dzina la Huangshan Mao Feng, koma awa ndi tiyi osiyana a mapiri osiyana.
• Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Anhui (安徽, Ānhuī), mzinda wa Chizhou (池州, Chízhōu), boma la Qingyang (青阳, Qīngyáng), matauni a Lingyang (陵阳镇) ndi Zhubei (朱备镇).
• Malo otetezedwa: Midzi ya Huangshi-xi, Nanyang, Qingquan, Suocun, Lanxi ndi Meishan m’tauni ya Lingyang ndi midzi ya Jiangjun ndi Dongqiao m’tauni ya Zhubei - matauni awiri ndi midzi isanu ndi itatu; kufotokoza kumatsimikizira kuti zikutanthauza madera omwe ali m’mphepete mwa chigwa cha Jiuhuashan.
• Pakati pa malo (核心区): Magulu khumi opanga: gulu 1, 2, 3 ndi 4 la mudzi wa Huangshi-xi; Fengyu ndi Changwei la mudzi wa Qingquan; Chaquan, Jiande ndi Paishan la mudzi wa Lanxi.
• Malo a geographic coordinates: 30°20′36″–30°32′21″ N, 117°47′25″–117°52′09″ E.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe

• Mbiri:
  • Phiri. Jiuhuashan ndi limodzi mwa mapiri achibuda a ku China. Boma la phirili limalemba kuti tiyi ankamwalira kuno kalekale kuyambira nthawi ya Tang.
  • 1915. Malinga ndi boma la Jiuhuashan, tiyi wochokera ku Minyuan ndi Huangshi-xi adalandira mphotho ya golide pa Panama-Pacific Exhibition.
  • Kuyambira 1956, monga momwe mafotokozedwe otchuka amanenera, Huangshi Xi Maofeng ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pa madyerero ovomerezeka ku ma embassy a China kunja. Sindinawone chikalata cha izi.
  • 2018. Unduna wa Zaulimi udalembetsa chizindikiro cha malo chaulimi; nambala ndi AGI02470. Mabuku amalemba kuti kulembetsa kunachitika pa 5 September 2018.
  • 2025. State Intellectual Property Office (CNIPA) idavomereza kuti ndi malonda a chizindikiro cha malo kudzera pa chilengezo № 632.
• Dzina: “Huangshi-xi” (黄石溪) - “Mtsinje wa Miyala Yachikasu”, dzina la mudzi. “Maofeng” (毛峰) - “nsonga za ubweya”.
• Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Huangshi Xi Maofeng ndi mmodzi mwa tiyi omwe phiri la Jiuhuashan limawonetsa pansi pa dzina lalikulu la “九华佛茶”. Mkati mwa banja ili, imayimira sukulu ya chestnut, pamene Minyuan - ya orchid.

3. Kufotokoza kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira

• Mtundu / Cultivar: 黄石天云种 - mtundu wamba, wotchulidwa mu kufotokoza kwa chizindikiro cha malo.
• Kusonkhanitsa: Malinga ndi kufotokoza kwa chizindikiro cha malo - zamanja, ndi kusankha malinga ndi mitundu (分级人工采摘). Mulingo weniweni wa kusonkhanitsa sunapezeke m’magwero omwe adapezeka.
• Nthawi yosonkhanitsa: Palibe deta m’magwero omwe adapezeka.

4. Terroir ndi Zochitika za Kulima

• Dera: Kumwera kwa Anhui, phiri la Jiuhuashan. Limodzi mwa mafotokozedwe a mabuku limayika tiyi wakale wa Huangshi-xi ku Dao Sengdong (道僧洞) kumbuyo kwa nsonga ya Tiantai (天台).
• Kutalika kwa kulima: Magwero amasiyana. Kufotokoza kumodzi kumayika chigwa cha Huangshi-xi, pakati pa kupanga, pa kutalika kwa 400-800 m; wina amalemba za minda pa 600-900 m. Sindinapeze kutalika kovomerezeka.
• Nthaka: Dothi la mapiri la asidi lofiirira, dothi lachikasu la asidi lofiirira ndi dothi la mapiri lam’mphepete mwa mapiri pa zopangidwa ndi granite. Zinthu za organic sizosachepera 2.5%, makulidwe a dothi ndi oposa 60 cm, pH ndi pafupifupi 5.0-6.5.
• Nyengo: Nyengo ya kumpoto kwa subtropical yonyowa ya monsoon: yofewa, ndi chilimwe chotentha ndi nthawi yozizira, nyengo zowoneka bwino ndi mvula yambiri. Palibe manambala m’magwero omwe adapezeka.

5. Njira Zopangira

Mafotokozedwe a mabuku a chizindikiro cha malo amapereka njira ziwiri; sindinatsegule gwero loyambirira la masikimu awa.

Tiyi wamanja (手工茶):

1. Kukhazikika (杀青, shāqīng).
2. Kuziziritsa (摊凉, tānliáng).
3. Kuumba, kuwongola tsamba (做形, 理条, zuòxíng, lǐtiáo).
4. Kupumula (回潮, huícháo): Chinyezi chimafanana mkati mwa tsamba.
5. Kuumitsa ndi mpweya wotentha (烘干, hōnggān).
6. Kulongedza.

Tiyi wamakina (机制茶):

1. Kukhazikika (杀青).
2. Kuwombera mpweya (清风).
3. Kuziziritsa (摊凉).
4. Kupotoza (揉捻, róuniǎn).
5. Kuswa mabala (解块).
6. Kuumitsa koyamba (毛火, máohuǒ) ndi kuziziritsa.
7. Kuumitsa komaliza (足火, zúhuǒ) ndi kuzizira.
8. Kusankha (拣剔) ndi kulongedza.

Kutentha ndi nthawi za ntchito sizinatchulidwe m’magwero omwe adapezeka.

6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic

Kufotokoza kwa chizindikiro cha malo kumasiyanitsa tiyi wamanja ndi wamakina; pansipa - wamanja, m’mabokosi - wamakina.

• Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Mizere yofupika kwambiri, yobiriwira bwino, yokhala ndi ubweya wowoneka bwino (条索较紧，嫩绿显毫). Wa makina ndi wophwaphwathika, wowongoka ndi wotambasulidwa, wobiriwira kwambiri (扁直舒展，翠绿鲜活).
• Fungo la tsamba louma: Palibe mafotokozedwe m’magwero omwe adapezeka.
• Fungo la infusion: Wofewa, woyera ndi wotsekemera (嫩香清甜). Wa makina ndi woyera, wokhala ndi fungo la maluwa (清香带花香). Boma la phirili limayika tiyiyu m’gulu la chestnut (栗香型).
• Kukoma: Kwatsopano, kolimbikitsa, ndi kubwerera kotsekemera (鲜爽回甘). Wa makina ndi watsopano, wofewa, ndi kubwerera kotsekemera (鲜醇回甘).
• Mtundu wa infusion: Wobiriwira bwino ndi wowala (嫩绿明亮). Wa makina ndi wobiriwira ndi wowala (绿亮).
• Masamba pansi (masamba opakidwa): Wobiriwira bwino, wofanana, wonyezimira (嫩绿匀亮). Wa makina ndi wofewa, wofewa, wobiriwira ndi wonyezimira (嫩软绿亮).

Mafotokozedwe otchuka amajambula chithunzi chosiyana pang’ono: tsamba lofanana, lobiriwira bwino ndi lachikasu, lokutidwa ndi ubweya; pamene mukupaka, nthunzi imayima pamwamba pa kapu; infusion ndi ya emerald ndi yoyera; pansi pa tiyi ndi lachikasu-lobiriwira, ndi masamba ambiri. Kufotokozera uku sikukugwirizana ndi zomwe zili mu chikalata cha malo.

7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala

Zofunika za chizindikiro cha malo:

• Chinyezi: osapitirira 7.0%.
• Phulusa lonse: osapitirira 6.5%.
• Zidutswa ndi fumbi: osapitirira 6.0%.
• Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi: osachepera 37.0%.
• Fiber yosaphika: osapitirira 14.0%.

Palibe deta ya catechins, amino acids ndi caffeine m’magwero omwe adapezeka.

8. Kupaka

Njira yamagulu a tiyi wobiriwira.

• Kutentha kwa madzi: 80-85 °C.
• Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml.
• Ziwiya: Kapu yagalasi kapena gaiwan yoyera.
• Njira:
  1. Tenthetsa ziwiya.
  2. Ikani tiyi ndikutsanulira madzi m’mphepete.
  3. Infusion yoyamba - masekondi 40-60.
  4. Imwani, kusiya gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu la infusion.
  5. Onjezerani madzi.
  6. Kubwezeretsa kawiri kapena katatu.

9. Kusunga

Njira yamagulu. Mu phukusi losalowetsa mpweya ndi lowonekera, mufiriji pa 0-5 °C, popanda chinyezi, kuwala ndi fungo. Tiyi wa nyengo: ndi bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka.

10. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga

Palibe deta ya mitengo m’magwero omwe adapezeka.

• Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:
  • Musasokoneze ndi Huangshan Mao Feng: “maofeng” ndi mawu amtundu, ndipo malo mu dzina ndi ofunikira.
  • Fufuzani chizindikiro cha malo ndi wopanga wochokera ku matauni a Lingyang kapena Zhubei m’boma la Qingyang.
  • Tiyi wamanja - mizere yofupika yobiriwira yokhala ndi ubweya; wamakina - tsamba lophwaphwathika loyera lobiriwira kwambiri.
  • Infusion - yobiriwira ndi yowala, ndi fungo lofewa lotsekemera.

11. Zochitika Zosangalatsa

• Malo otetezedwa amafotokozedwa m’magawo awiri - dera lalikulu ndi pakati, lofotokozedwa mpaka gulu lopanga.
• Malinga ndi gulu la boma la phirili, pa Jiuhuashan pali masukulu awiri a maofeng: chestnut ya Huangshi-xi ndi orchid ya Minyuan.
• Mulingo wa zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi - osachepera 37%; ku Jingxian Lanxiang Cha (泾县兰香茶), wotetezedwa chaka chomwecho, ndi 35%.
• Kwa dzina limodzi, njira ziwiri ndi maonekedwe awiri amafotokozedwa - wamanja ndi wamakina.

12. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Ena

• Jiuhua Fu Cha (九华佛茶): Dzina lalikulu la tiyi wa phiri la Jiuhuashan; Huangshi Xi Maofeng ndi dzina lapadera lotetezedwa mkati mwa banja ili.
• Huangshan Mao Feng (黄山毛峰): Mao Feng wotchuka kwambiri wa ku Anhui, wochokera ku phiri la Huangshan; mawu omwewo amtundu, phiri lina ndi dzina lina.
• Yongxi Huo Qing (涌溪火青): Tiyi wobiriwira wa kumwera kwa Anhui wochokera ku boma la Jing, wopindidwa mu mipira yolimba - kusiyana ndi maofeng wowongoka.

Pomaliza:

Huangshi Xi Maofeng ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa mapiri a Jiuhuashan: mtundu wamba, nthaka ya asidi, fungo la mtundu wa chestnut ndi mulingo wa zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi osachepera 37%. Malo ake otetezedwa amafotokozedwa mpaka gulu lopanga, ndipo maonekedwe amafotokozedwa kwa njira ziwiri - zamanja ndi zamakina. Mbiri ya mendulo ya Panama ya 1915 imachokera ku deta ya boma la Jiuhuashan; zina zonse mu chithunzichi ndi malamulo ndi mafotokozedwe a chizindikiro cha malo.

Magwero

Chizindikiro cha malo

• 农业农村部农产品地理标志 AGI02470
• CNIPA 地理标志产品认定 №632

Mndandanda wonse — patsamba la Magwero