Shàngyóu lǜchá

Shangyou Lücha (Shàngyóu lǜchá, 上犹绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseShangyou (上犹县) esifundeni sikaMasipala waseGanzhou eningizimu yesifundazwe saseJiangxi. Leli gama livikelwe wuphawu lwezindawo oluqinisekisayo olunombolo 9026435, futhi itiye linohlu lwamazinga ezifundazwe: umkhiqizo, ubuchwepheshe, ukumakwa kanye nohlelo lokuphatha. Ngo-2017, iwebhusayithi yeKomidi Likazwelonke Lokuthuthukiswa Nokuguqulwa kwashicilela izinto zesifunda mayelana nokuthi iShangyou yakha kanjani ibhrendi yetiye: izikhungo zetiye ezinhlanu, izethulo zonyaka ze-«上犹绿茶», izingadi «ngoku-oda» nge-inthanethi. Isimo setiye esichazwa yisifunda ngamagama amahlanu: iphunga eliphezulu, umbala osemeraldi, ukunambitheka okuthambile, uketshezi oluluhlaza, ukubukeka okuhle.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá). Isigaba sishiwo egameni nasezihlokweni zamazinga ezifundazwe «上犹绿茶», kuhlanganise nezinga lobuchwepheshe.
Isigaba: Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseJiangxi; uphawu lwezindawo oluqinisekisayo; amazinga ezifundazwe DB36/T.
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe saseJiangxi (江西, Jiāngxī), umasipala wase-Ganzhou (赣州, Gànzhōu), isifunda sase-Shangyou (上犹, Shàngyóu).
Indawo yophawu: Ayingeniwe. Irejista yazi isifundazwe kuphela; umnikazi wophawu kanye nemingcele yendawo akukho emithonjeni etholiwe. Into yesifunda kusizindalwazi seKomidi Likazwelonke ibiza izikhungo zetiye ezinhlanu ezinkulu: Youshizhang (油石嶂), Meiling (梅岭), Yuancun (园村), Wuzhifeng (五指峰) kanye neYingqian (营前).
Izixhumanisi zokuma: Isifunda sase-Shangyou cishe ngu-25.8° N no-114.5° E.

2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Intela yaseMing. Ngokwesifunda sokulawulwa kwezolimo (ibhanidi yokukhangisa ye-«People’s Daily», uhlelo lwangaphandle, 2021), ekuqaleni kobukhosi bakwaMing, amatiye aseShangyou «上洞茶» kanye ne-«上寨茶» afakwa ohlwini lwentela. Umthombo wokuqala walo mbhalo angizange ngiwubone.
- Uphawu. Ibhanidi elifanayo libhala ukuthi uphawu «上犹绿茶» lwatholwa ngo-2010. Ohlwini lwezimpawu zendawo ezibhalisiwe ngo-31 Disemba 2009 alikho, ohlwini lweHhovisi Lezimpawu Zokuhweba lwango-2012 likhona ngaphansi kukanombolo 9026435. Usuku oluqondile lokubhaliswa emthonjeni wokuqala angizange ngilubone.
- 2011 - amazinga. Ihovisi lokulawulwa kobuchwepheshe kwekhwalithi yesifundazwe saseJiangxi ngo-9 Septemba 2011 lakhipha izinga lesifundazwe DB36/T 631-2011 «上犹绿茶», eliqala ukusebenza kusukela ngo-1 Novemba 2011. Kulolu hlu olufanayo kukhona DB36/T 634-2011 «上犹绿茶 - uhlelo lokuphatha» kanye ne-DB36/T 635-2011 «上犹绿茶 - ukumakwa nokudayisa»; izinsuku zazo angizange ngizihlole. Isizindalwazi esisodwa sereferensi sibala izinga lomkhiqizo njengelisebenzayo, ipulatifomu kazwelonke yamazinga iphawula ukuthi linenguqulo entsha; ukuthi iyiphi, angizange ngikuthole.
- 2017. NgoSepthemba nango-Okthoba 2017, kusizindalwazi seKomidi Likazwelonke Lokuthuthukiswa Nokuguqulwa kwavela izinto ezimbili zephoyinti lokuqapha lesifunda. Ngokwazo, izingadi zetiye zithatha ama-mu ayi-101.1, umkhiqizo ngu-2060 t, inani lomkhiqizo yizigidi ezingama-326.86 zama-yuan. Inani lebhrendi yophawu lilinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-396 zama-yuan, uphawu lubonwa njenge-«uphawu lokuhweba oludumile lwesifundazwe saseJiangxi» (江西省著名商标). Isifunda sisebenzisana ne-China Tea Research Institute (中国茶叶研究所) kanye ne-Jiangxi Agricultural University.
- 2018. Izinga lobuchwepheshe i-DB36/T 633-2018 «上犹绿茶 - umthethonqubo wobuchwepheshe wokucubungula» lathatha indawo ye-DB36/T 633-2011; lakhishwa ngo-3 Julayi 2018, lasebenza kusukela ngo-4 Januwari 2019. Ibhanidi lokukhangisa lango-2021 libhala ukuthi izinga le-«上犹绿茶» laqinisekiswa njengelesifundazwe ngo-2018. Lokhu kuyaphikisana nosuku lwezinga lomkhiqizo (2011) futhi kuhambisana nosuku lwezinga lobuchwepheshe; ukuthi ngabe ngo-2018 kwakukhona nenguqulo entsha yezinga lomkhiqizo, angizange ngikuthole.
- 2021. Ngokwesifunda, izingadi zicishe zibe ngu-110 thousand mu.
- Isimo. Ngokwerejista ka-2026, uphawu luqinisekiswe kamuva nje: uhulumeni waseGanzhou walubiza ngo-2025.
Igama: 上犹 yigama lesifunda; 绿茶 «itiye eliluhlaza».
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Into yesifunda kusizindalwazi seKomidi Likazwelonke inesihloko esithi: ukuthi iShangyou ngenkomishi eyodwa yetiye «ivula indlela futhi yakha ibhrendi». Kuyo kunezethulo zonyaka ze-«上犹绿茶», imodeli ye-«六统一分»: ukudluliselwa komhlaba okufanayo ekusetshenzisweni, ukususwa, ukuhlela, ukuthuthukiswa, ukwamukelwa kanye nokulethwa kwezithombo ngokuphatha okuhlukene, kanye nama-mu ayi-1500 ezingadi ezabelwe amakhasimende azimele nge-inthanethi.

3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa

Uhlobo / Cultivar: Isifunda sidinga uhlobo olulodwa lwesihlahla setiye («三统四不», bheka isigaba 5), kodwa uhlobo uqobo alukho emithonjeni etholiwe.
Ukuvuna kanye nezinga lokuvuna: Imininingwane emithonjeni etholiwe ayikho. Izidingo zeqabunga elisha cishe zisezingeni lobuchwepheshe i-DB36/T 633-2018, kodwa umbhalo walo angizange ngiwubone.

4. Indawo kanye nezici zokutshala

Isifunda: Iningizimu yesifundazwe saseJiangxi, umasipala wase-Ganzhou.
Ukuphakama, isimo sezulu: Imininingwane emithonjeni etholiwe ayikho.
I-Selenium: Ngokwesifunda (2021), umbiko ngekhwalithi yomhlaba, owahlanganiswa ngoDisemba 2018 yiCentre for Hydrogeological and Environmental Surveys yeChina Geological Survey yeShangyou, wabonisa ukuthi zonke izingadi «zifinyelela izinga lokunothea nge-selenium»; ubukhulu ngu-0.96 mg/kg, isilinganiso ngu-0.6 mg/kg. Ngokomongo kukhulunywa ngomhlabathi ezimpandeni zezihlahla; ukuthi kwakulinganiswa ngayiphi indinganiso, umbhalo awusho. Angenzi iziphetho ngezempilo ngalezi zinombolo.
Izitifiketi: Into yesifunda yango-2017 ibhala ukuthi isifunda sithuthukisa ukuqinisekiswa kwetiye eliphephile, «eliluhlaza» nelingokwemvelo; ibhanidi lokukhangisa lango-2021, licaphuna umbiko ofanayo womhlaba, libiza itiye njengeliphephile, «eliluhlaza» nelingokwemvelo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza

Itiye linezinga lobuchwepheshe balo - i-DB36/T 633-2018 - kodwa umbhalo walo angizange ngiwubone, ngakho angizethuli imingcele. Ngokwesifunda, ukukhiqizwa kungaphansi komthetho we-«三统四不»: uhlobo olufanayo, indinganiso yobuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa komanyolo nezinto zokuvikela; ngaphandle kwezithasiselo zokudla, ngaphandle kwemithi yokubulala ukhula, ngaphandle komanyolo wokwenziwa nangaphandle kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezinobuthi obuphezulu nobuqhubekayo.

Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye eliluhlaza lumile kanje:

Ukubola kweqabunga elisha (摊放, tānfàng): Iqabunga linikela ngomswakama othile.
Ukulungiswa (杀青, shāqīng): Ukushisa kumisa ukugqwala futhi kulondoloze umbala oluhlaza.
Ukusonteka (揉捻, róuniǎn).
Ukomisa (干燥, gānzào).

Lolu uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe be-Shangyou Lücha.

6. Izici ze-Organoleptic

Isifunda sichaza itiye ngamafomula amabili amafushane. Into yesifunda kusizindalwazi seKomidi Likazwelonke (2017): «香高、色翠、味醇、汤绿、形美» - iphunga eliphezulu, umbala osemeraldi, ukunambitheka okuthambile okugcwele, uketshezi oluluhlaza, ukubukeka okuhle. Ibhanidi lokukhangisa lesifunda (2021): «形美、色绿、香高、味浓、汤清» - ukubukeka okuhle, umbala oluhlaza, iphunga eliphezulu, ukunambitheka okugcwele, uketshezi oluhlanzekile.

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: «Ukubukeka okuhle» (形美); umbala «osemeraldi» (色翠) noma «oluhlaza» (色绿). Kuqabunga elomile lokhu kuhlobene nencazelo yefomula, akukhulunywa ngqo ngalokho.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Imininingwane emithonjeni etholiwe ayikho.
Iphunga loketshezi: «Phezulu» (香高); ifomula ayicacisi ukuthi ikhuluma ngephunga leqabunga noma loketshezi.
Ukunambitheka: «Kuthambile, kugcwele» (味醇) encazelweni yango-2017; «kugcwele» (味浓) encazelweni yango-2021. Ukuthi yikuphi ukulinganisa okunembile, akucaci ngemithombo.
Umbala woketshezi: «Oluhlaza» (汤绿, 2017) noma «oluhlanzekile» (汤清, 2021).
Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe): Imininingwane emithonjeni etholiwe ayikho.

7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali

Azikho izinkomba ze-physicochemical zetiye eliqediwe emithonjeni etholiwe. Inombolo eyodwa kuphela yi-selenium ezingadini ngokwesifunda (isigaba 4), futhi ngokomongo, ihambisana nomhlabathi, hhayi netiye.

8. Ukudonswa

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80-85 °C.
Inani letiye: 3 g nge-150 ml.
Isitsha: Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza isitsha.
2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
3. Uketshezi lokuqala - ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40-60.
4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yoketshezi.
5. Thela amanzi futhi.
6. Ukuthelwa kabusha kabili noma kathathu.

9. Ukugcinwa

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivalekile, efrijini ngo-0-5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga; kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

10. Intengo kanye nobumbano

Imininingwane ngezintengo zokudayisa emithonjeni etholiwe ayikho. Ukulinganiswa kwebhrendi ezigidini ezingama-396 zama-yuan (imininingwane yesifunda, 2017) yinani lophawu, hhayi intengo yetiye.

Ukwazi ukugwema ubumbano:
- Bheka uphawu lwezindawo oluqinisekisayo «上犹绿茶» (No. 9026435).
- Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda sase-Shangyou kumasipala wase-Ganzhou.
- Ukumakwa, itiye linezinga laso lesifundazwe i-DB36/T 635-2011; ukuthi ngabe lisasebenza manje, angizange ngilhlole.
- Ungadidanisi namatiye ezinye izifunda zaseGanzhou naseJiangxi: igama elithi «绿茶» alisho lutho ngendawo.

11. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Itiye lesifunda esisodwa linamazinga ahlukene ezifundazwe omkhiqizo, ubuchwepheshe, uhlelo lokuphatha kanye nokumakwa nokudayisa.
Isifunda sinamagadi «ngoku-oda»: ngo-2017, amagadi anjalo ayengu-1500 mu, futhi amakhasimende nge-inthanethi alandelela ukunakekelwa, ukuvunwa nokucubungulwa.

12. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aseJiangxi

Wuyuan Lücha (婺源绿茶): Itiye eliluhlaza elinegama lasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeJiangxi - ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesifundazwe.
Jinggang Cui Lü (井冈翠绿): Itiye eliluhlaza lezintaba zaseJinggangshan esifundeni saseJi’an, enye yezimpawu ezaziwayo zesifundazwe.
Lushan Yun Wu (庐山云雾): Elinye lamatiye aluhlaza adume kakhulu eJiangxi, lisuka entabeni yaseLushan enyakatho yesifundazwe.
Yaoli Nenrui (瑶里嫩蕊): Itiye eliluhlaza ledolobhana laseYaoli ngaphansi kweJingdezhen, enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Shangyou Lücha itiye eliluhlaza leningizimu yeJiangxi, elinamadokhumenti amaningi kunezincazelo: uphawu oluqinisekisayo, uchungechunge lwamazinga ezifundazwe kanye nezinto zesifunda ngebhrendi kusizindalwazi seKomidi Likazwelonke. Itiye uqobo isifunda silichaza ngamagama amahlanu: iphunga eliphezulu, umbala osemeraldi, ukunambitheka okuthambile, uketshezi oluluhlaza, ukubukeka okuhle. Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe nokubukeka isezingeni, imibhalo yayo engingazange ngiyibone.