Hóngshān chá · thetea.app

Hongshan Cha (Hóngshān chá, 洪山茶) ndi tiyi wa m’mzinda wa Yidu (宜都市) m’chigawo cha Yichang m’chigawo cha Hubei, wotetezedwa ndi zizindikiro ziwiri za certification zokhala ndi chizindikiro cha geographical indication. Mwini wa zonse ziwiri ndi Yidu Institute of Agricultural and Livestock Biotechnology (宜都市农牧生物技术研究所). Dzinali limagwirizana ndi tawuni ya Songmuping (松木坪镇) ya chigawochi: mtundu wa Hubei wa “Renmin Ribao” umanena kuti mu nthawi ya Qing “tiyi wa Hongshan” wochokera kuzungulira kachisi wa Taoist Yuntaiguan ankatumizidwa ku bwalo lachifumu monga msonkho. Khadi la chizindikiro ku boma la chigawo la intellectual property limalongosola maonekedwe ndi kukoma, koma osati njira yopangira, ndipo gulu silinatchulidwe kulikonse, choncho nkhaniyi ili m’gulu la zofotokozera zambiri.

1. Classification and Origin

Mtundu: Osadziwika. Palibe registry kapena khadi la chizindikiro lomwe limatchula gulu kapena kufotokoza njira yopangira; mu registry katundu amatchulidwa ngati “茶叶” - masamba a tiyi. Kufotokozera kwa ubwino mu khadi - pansi pamtundu wobiriwira wowala ndi madzi amtundu wofanana ndi msuzi wa ma mung - kumayandikira kwambiri tiyi wobiriwira, koma popanda luso lamakono izi zimakhalabe zongoyerekeza.
Gulu: Tiyi wakale wamba; zizindikiro ziwiri za certification zokhala ndi chizindikiro cha geographical indication.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Hubei (湖北, Húběi), chigawo cha Yichang (宜昌, Yíchāng), mzinda wa Yidu (宜都, Yídū), tawuni ya Songmuping (松木坪镇), dera la Hongshan.
Malo otetezedwa: Malire a chigawo kuchokera ku malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito zizindikiro mu magwero omwe apezeka palibe. Registry imangotchula kuti mwini wa chizindikiro ndi Yidu.
Ma coordinates a geographical: Mzinda wa Yidu - pafupifupi 30° kumpoto ndi 111° kummawa; magwero sapereka malo enieni a minda.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe

Mbiri:
- Qing. Mauthenga a zithunzi za mtundu wa Hubei wa “Renmin Ribao” (July 2020) amanena kuti kale mu nthawi ya Qing “洪山茶” wochokera kuzungulira kachisi wa Yuntaiguan ankatumizidwa ku bwalo lachifumu monga msonkho (贡茶, gòngchá). Nkhaniyo siitchula zolemba zakale kapena chikalata, ngakhalenso nthawi ya kutumiza.
- Kafukufuku wa specialty za Yidu amapereka kugwirizana kwina: tiyi amapangidwa pamtunda wa Hongjia Daling (洪家大岭) moyang’anizana ndi kachisi wa Chayuansi (茶园寺) ku Songmuping, ndipo “zaka mazana anayi zapitazo” amatchulidwa ngati msonkho. Kafukufukuyu amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akale a chigawo - “chigawo cha Yidu”, “commune ya Songmuping”, - choncho zaka mazana anayi ziwerengeredwa kuchokera chaka chiti sichidziwika. Khadi la chizindikiro limatchula dera ngati “松木坪洪山大龄” - lofanana ndi mtunda wa kafukufuku, koma kufanana, komanso kugwirizana kwa mtunda ndi malo ozungulira Yuntaiguan, magwero satsimikizira.
- 2014. Malinga ndi mndandanda wa boma la chigawo la intellectual property (data ya May 2020), chizindikiro choyamba cha certification “洪山茶”, No. 13836054, chinatetezedwa kuyambira 28 August 2014 mpaka 27 August 2024. Ngati chinakonzedwanso, sizikuwoneka mu zolemba zomwe zapezeka.
- 2017. Chizindikiro chachiwiri, No. 19423166, ndi kuyambira 28 December 2017 mpaka 27 December 2027. Zonse ziwiri - gulu 30, katundu “茶叶”, mwini - Yidu Institute of Biotechnology.
- 2023. Hubei Intellectual Property Office mu mndandanda wa 29 wa ogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro chapadera cha geographical indication (chidziwitso cha 28 April 2023) chinalola mabizinesi atatu a m’chigawo cha Yichang kuyika chizindikirochi pa zizindikiro zonse ziwiri.
Dzina: 洪山 (Hóngshān) - “phiri la Hong”; 茶 - tiyi. Dzinali limafanana ndi dzina la dera ku Songmuping, kumene, malinga ndi khadi la chizindikiro, tiyi amamera.
Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Kachisi wa Yuntaiguan (云台观), womwe atolankhani amalumikiza ndi msonkho, ali paphiri la Yuntai (云台山) m’mudzi wa Shuangjingsi (双井寺村) m’tawuni ya Songmuping. Awa ndi malo obadwira a sukulu ya Taoist Qingwei (清微派); kachisiyo, malinga ndi nkhani yomweyo, ali ndi zaka zoposa 700.

3. Kufotokozera kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira

Mtundu / Cultivar: Sindinatchulidwe m’magwero omwe apezeka.
Zopangira, nthawi ndi muyezo wa kusonkhanitsa: Palibe data m’magwero omwe apezeka.

4. Terroir ndi Zinthu Zina za Kulima

Malo: Malinga ndi khadi la chizindikiro, kulima kumakhazikika m’dera la Hongshan m’tawuni ya Songmuping.
Dera ndi zokolola: Malinga ndi khadi - pafupifupi 150 mu ya minda, pafupifupi 45,000 kg wa tiyi pachaka ndi pafupifupi 80 miliyoni yuan mtengo wa katundu; malonda ambiri ndi am’deralo, kufunikira, malinga ndi khadi, kuposa kuchuluka kwa zomwe amapanga. Khadi silitchula chaka kapena njira yowerengera.
Kutalika kwa kulima: Kachisi ali pa kutalika kwa 880 m; kutalika kwa minda yomweyi magwero sakutchula.
Nyengo: Malinga ndi “Renmin Ribao” - mpweya wabwino komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku; nyuzipepala imatchula malowa ngati abwino kwambiri kwa tiyi wa organic. Palibe data ina.
Dothi: Palibe data m’magwero omwe apezeka.

5. Tekinoloje ya Kupanga

Tekinoloje siyinatchulidwe m’magwero omwe apezeka, ndipo gulu silidziwika, choncho ngakhale chiwembu chokhacho cha gulu sichingaperekedwe.

Nkhani yomweyo imatchula tiyi wamba wa organic “Songyun Baijian” (松云白尖, sōngyún báijiān), yemwe “adakula” m’malo amenewa. Kuchokera pa zolembazo sizikutanthauza kuti izi ndi zinthu zomwezo kapena kuti nechito yake ndi yofanana.

6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic

Kufotokozera kokha ndi khadi la chizindikiro m’mapepala a boma la chigawo la intellectual property.

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Oonda, opindika mwamphamvu ndi olemera, ndi tsitsi lasiliva lomwe likuwonekera ndi nsonga zowoneka bwino; mtundu wake ndi wonyezimira wagolide ndi wobiriwira wobisika (外形细紧重实，银毫显露，锋苗好，色泽金黄隐翠).
Funho la masamba owuma: Palibe kufotokozera kwake.
Funho la madzi: Lonunkhira bwino ndi lokhalitsa (芳香持久); khadi silifotokoza ngati la masamba kapena la madzi.
Kukoma: Kwathunthu, kotsitsimula, ndi kuzizira kokoma (滋味醇爽甘凉); tiyi amapirira kutsukidwa kambiri (经久耐泡).
Mtundu wa madzi: Wowala, wosakhwima (汤色清嫩).
Masamba (pambuyo kutsukidwa): Wobiriwira wosakhwima, wowala (叶底嫩绿鲜明).

Khadi limafupikitsa ubwino ku zizindikiro zinayi: mtundu wagolide, madzi ngati msuzi wa ma mung, kukoma kozizira kokoma ndi funho lonunkhira bwino (金黄色、绿豆汤、甘凉味、芬芳香).

7. Zomwe Zimapezeka mu Kukhala

Khadi la chizindikiro limapereka “data ya kafukufuku wa labotale”: water-soluble extract 46.22%, tea polyphenols 26.76%, amine nitrogen 311.53 mg pa 100 g wa tiyi wouma. Chenjezo: manambala awiri oyamba mpaka malo awiri a decimal amafanana ndi khadi la ofesi yomweyo la tiyi wina - Xiangshuicun Yecha (香水村野茶) wochokera m’chigawo cha Wufeng, pomwe amine nitrogen yokha imasiyana. Choncho sangawoneke ngati muyeso wodziyimira pawokha; chaka, labotale ndi njira zomwe khadi silitchula.

8. Kutsuka

Mchitidwe wa gulu - ndipo gulu silidziwika. Kwa tiyi wobiriwira nthawi zambiri 80–85 °C ndi 3 g pa 150 ml ndi kutsuka koyamba kwa masekondi 40–60; kwa tiyi wofiira - 90–95 °C ndi kutsuka koyamba pafupifupi mphindi imodzi. Malangizo a opanga palibe m’magwero omwe apezeka.

9. Kusunga

Mchitidwe wa gulu. Tiyi wobiriwira - mu phukusi lotsekedwa mthumba mufiriji pa 0–5 °C; wofiira - pamalo ouma amdima pa kutentha kwa chipinda. Muzochitika zonse ziwiri - kutali ndi kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo.

10. Mtengo ndi Zonamizira

Palibe data ya mitengo m’magwero omwe apezeka.

Momwe mungapewere zonamizira:
- Yang’anani chizindikiro chapadera cha geographical indication ndi nambala ya chizindikiro - No. 13836054 kapena No. 19423166.
- Fananitsani wopanga ndi mndandanda wa ogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro, womwe umasindikizidwa ndi Hubei Intellectual Property Office.
- Musasokonezedwe ndi “E Hongshan Caitai” wa chigawo cha Wuhan cha Hongshan (洪山区): ichi ndi chizindikiro chosiyana cha certification cha masamba a caitai, No. 3958379, chosagwirizana ndi tiyi.
- Musasokonezedwe ndi tiyi wa mapiri a Dahongshan (大洪山) kumpoto kwa chigawo: kumeneko, m’chigawo cha Suixian, kuli tawuni ya Hongshan (洪山镇) yokhala ndi malo akulu a tiyi, ndipo kampani ya Suizhou imatumiza tiyi pansi pa chizindikiro cha “大洪山” - awa ndi malo ena ndi dzina lina.
- Khadi la chizindikiro limalongosola maonekedwe ndi kukoma, koma magwero sapereka njira zotsimikizira kuti ndi chowonadi pogwiritsa ntchito izi.

11. Zosangalatsa

Tiyi mmodzi ali ndi zizindikiro ziwiri za certification ndi mwini mmodzi ndi dzina limodzi - zolembetsa za 2014 ndi 2017.
Mwini wa zizindikiro si bungwe la tiyi kapena bizinesi, koma Institute ya Biotechnology ya chigawo.
Khadi la chizindikiro limatchula tiyi wa Hongshan ngati mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa tiyi wa Yidu, ndipo minda yake ndi yaying’ono kwambiri: pafupifupi 150 mu.
Dzina “洪山” ku Hubei limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chigawo cha Wuhan, komanso tawuni pafupi ndi mapiri a Dahongshan; chizindikiro cha tiyi cha Yidu sichigwirizana ndi zonse ziwiri.

12. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina

Yidu Tianran Fuxin Cha (宜都天然富锌茶): Tiyi wobiriwira wa kumadzulo kwa chigawo chomwecho, pansi pa chizindikiro cha gulu kuyambira 2007.
Yidu Yihong Cha (宜都宜红茶): Tiyi wofiira wa Yidu, wotetezedwa ngati geographical indication; gulu lake, mosiyana ndi Hongshan Cha, ladziwika.
Zhongxiang Yunwu Cha (钟祥云雾茶): Tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri kwa mzinda wa Zhongxiang, wogwirizana ndi mbali yakumwera ya mapiri a Dahongshan, - chitsanzo cha “Hongshan wina” yemweyo.

Pomaliza:

Hongshan Cha ndi dzina lokhala ndi mbiri ya msonkho ndi zizindikiro ziwiri za certification, zomwe mu 2023 zidapereka ufulu wa chizindikiro, ndi kufotokozera kwachidule za ubwino, koma popanda kufotokoza njira yopangira. Zolemba zimatsimikizira mwini, manambala, nthawi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro; khadi la chizindikiro - masamba oonda a tsitsi siliva amtundu wagolide ndi wobiriwira wobisika, madzi owala ndi kukoma kozizira kokoma; atolankhani - malo pafupi ndi kachisi wa Yuntaiguan pa kutalika pafupifupi 880 m. Gulu, mtundu ndi tekinoloje sizinawululidwe m’magwero omwe apezeka: izi zingaperekedwe kokha ndi zolemba za malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito chizindikiro.