Xiāngshuǐcūn yěchá

Xiangshuicun Yecha (Xiāngshuǐcūn yěchá, 香水村野茶) — “tiyi yakutchire ya m’mudzi wa Xiangshui” kuchokera ku Wufeng-Tujia Autonomous County (五峰土家族自治县) m’boma la Yichang, m’chigawo cha Hubei. Malinga ndi khadi la chizindikiro lomwe bungwe loyang’anira nzeru zamalonda m’chigawocho lidalemba, mudziwu uli kumadzulo kwa chigawochi, m’mphepete mwa mapiri a Wuling. Dzinali limatetezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha certification chokhala ndi geographical indication, chomwe chidalembetsedwa mu 2018 ndi bungwe la tiyi la m’deralo. Kalasi ya mawu sinatchulidwe kulikonse, koma njira yopangira yofotokozedwa mu khadi — kufowoketsa pang’ono, kuwotcha pamanja m’mphika, ndi katatu “kuwotcha — kupotoza” — ndi njira ya tiyi wobiriwira.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi

Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, lǜchá) wopangidwa ndi kuwotcha m’mphika. Kaundula amatchula katunduyo kuti “茶” chabe, khadi la chizindikiro silitchula kalasi ya mawu, koma njira yake yopangira — kufowoketsa, kuwotcha pamanja, katatu “kuwotcha ndi kupotoza”, popanda oxidation — komanso mtundu wobiriwira wakuda wa tiyi wouma zikusonyeza tiyi wobiriwira.
Gulu: Tiyi wa m’deralo; chizindikiro cha certification chokhala ndi geographical indication (2018).
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Hubei (湖北, Húběi), boma la Yichang (宜昌, Yíchāng), Wufeng-Tujia Autonomous County (五峰, Wǔfēng), mudzi wa Xiangshui (香水村) kumadzulo kwa chigawochi. Kuti mudziwu uli m’tauni kapena m’dera liti, magwero opezeka sananene mwachindunji; nkhani ya 2025 yokhudza tauni ya Wufeng (五峰镇) imatchula kulembetsa chizindikirochi ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe tauniyi yakwanitsa.
Malo otetezedwa: Malire a malowa kuchokera ku malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito chizindikirocho sanapezeke m’magwero opezeka. Kaundula amangotchula kuti mwiniwake ndi wa m’chigawo cha Wufeng.
Ma coordinates: Tauni ya Wufeng, likulu la chigawocho, ili pafupifupi 30.2° N ndi 110.7° E; malo enieni a mudziwo sanadziwike.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe

Mbiri:
- Msonkho kwa tusi. Khadi la chizindikiro limanena kuti tiyi wa m’mudzi wa Xiangshui m’mbiri yonse ankaperekedwa monga msonkho kwa tusi (土司贡品, tǔsī gòngpǐn) — olamulira obadwa nawo a m’deralo. Khadi silitchula masiku kapena mbiri yomwe izi zimachokera.
- 2018. Malinga ndi mndandanda wa bungwe loyang’anira nzeru zamalonda m’chigawochi (zomwe zinalipo pa Meyi 2020), chizindikiro cha certification “香水村野茶” № 21456038, kalasi 30, katundu “茶”, chimatetezedwa kuyambira 21 Julayi 2018 mpaka 20 Julayi 2028. Mwiniwake — Wufeng Xiangshui Tea Professional Technical Association (五峰香水茶叶专业技术协会).
- 2020. Khadi limatchula wogwiritsa ntchito chizindikirocho kuti ndi kampani ya 湖北五峰香水生态农业开发有限公司 yokhala ndi laisensi kuyambira 2 Julayi 2020 mpaka 1 Julayi 2025. Mu Juni chaka chomwecho, njira yogulitsira ya “Renmin wang” idalengeza za pulogalamu yapadera yothandizira opanga akumidzi “百城百县”, yomwe idachitika ndi nsanja ya “人民优选” ya nyuzipepala ya “Renmin Ribao” ndi China Advertising Association. Zina mwazinthu za m’chigawo cha Wufeng zomwe zidatchulidwa ndi mafuta a nkhumba osuta a mtundu wa Tujia, “tiyi wamapiri, wachilengedwe choyambirira” (高山原生态) 香水村野茶, uchi wa njuchi za ku China, ndi tiyi awiri omwe ali ndi dzina la “chizindikiro chakale cha Hubei”: Caihua Maojian ndi Wufeng Yihong wa chizindikiro cha “Caihua” (采花五峰宜红茶).
- 2025. Nkhani yokhudza ntchito za tiyi m’tauni ya Wufeng imanena kuti “香水村野茶” idalandira chizindikiro cha certification chokhala ndi geographical indication — pamodzi ndi ntchito yomanga malo opangira tiyi wotumizidwa kunja motsatira malamulo a European Union, tiyi wa organic, ndi “tiyi wakale wakutchire” (古野茶).
- Kuti dzinali linabwera bwanji ndi liti, sizinapezeke m’magwero opezeka.
Dzina: 香水 — “madzi onunkhira”, dzina la mudzi; 村 — mudzi; 野茶 — “tiyi wakutchire”. Khadi limafotokoza bizinesiyi ngati “ntchito yapadera ya tiyi wakutchire ya m’deralo” (当地特有的野生茶产业), koma silifotokoza kuti masamba amatengedwa kuchokera ku zomera zakutchire, zomera zomwe zasiyidwa, kapena zomera za m’deralo.
Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Kupatula mawu okhudza msonkho kwa tusi, palibe zambiri m’magwero opezeka.

3. Kufotokozera kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira

Mtundu / Cultivar: Sanatchulidwe m’magwero opezeka; chiyambi cha zomera, chobisika kumbuyo kwa mawu oti “野”, sichinafotokozedwe.
Masamba: Malinga ndi khadi — ngati chikopa, wandiweyani komanso wonenepa, waukulu, ndipo suvuta kupotoza kukhala chingwe (叶片革质肥厚，个头大，不易揉捻成条索). Uku ndi kufotokozera kwa zopangira, osati dzina la mtundu.
Nthawi ndi muyezo wa kuthyola: Palibe zomwe zinapezeka m’magwero opezeka.

4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima

Dera: Kumadzulo kwa chigawo cha Wufeng, m’mphepete mwa mapiri a Wuling (武陵山) — malinga ndi khadi la chizindikiro. Mapiri a Wuling amatchulidwanso mu nkhani ya 2025 yokhudza tauni ya Wufeng.
Kutalika, nyengo, dothi: Palibe zomwe zinapezeka m’magwero opezeka. Mawu oti “高山原生态” ndi mawu otsatsa ochokera mu chilengezo cha pulogalamu; satchula kutalika kwenikweni. Khadi limangonena za chilengedwe chabwino.
Ntchito: Malinga ndi khadi — malo opitilira 1500 mu, malonda apachaka amapitilira 10 miliyoni yuan, mtundu wa “kampani + cooperative + malo”. Chaka cha ziwerengerozi khadi silitchule.

5. Njira Yopangira

Khadi la chizindikiro limafotokoza njira yopangira mwachidule; kutentha, nthawi ndi kuchuluka kulibe.

Kuyala (摊放, tānfàng): Masamba othyoledwa amafowoketsedwa pang’ono.
Kuwotcha pamanja (手工炒制, shǒugōng chǎozhì): Masamba amawotchedwa m’mphika pamanja; khadi limatcha ntchitoyi kukhala yosalala komanso yosamala.
Kuwotcha katatu ndi kupotoza katatu (三炒三揉, sān chǎo sān róu): Kuwotcha ndi kupotoza amabwereza katatu.

Kuyanika ndi kusanja sizinafotokozedwe padera.

6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic

Kufotokozera kokha komwe kulipo ndi khadi la chizindikiro.

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Masamba akulu onenepa, osapotozedwa bwino kukhala chingwe; tiyi wouma nthawi zambiri amakhala wobiriwira wakuda (毛茶颜色多呈墨绿色).
Fungo la masamba owuma: Palibe kufotokozera padera.
Fungo la madzi: La mtedza wa chestnut, lozama komanso lapadera (栗香深沉而特异); khadi silifotokoza kuti ndi la masamba kapena la madzi.
Kukoma: Kosalala, kofewa komanso kolemera (茶性滑柔而质重); kukwiya kuli kochepa kwambiri, madzi ndi otsekemera, ndipo kutsekemera kumabwerera kwanthawi yayitali komanso kokhazikika (口感刺激性很低，但水甜回甘长且稳定).
Mtundu wa madzi: Palibe kufotokozera m’magwero opezeka.
Masamba otayidwa (pambuyo kuwira): Palibe kufotokozera m’magwero opezeka.

7. Zomwe Zili M’kati mwa Tiyi

Khadi la chizindikiro limapereka “zotsatira za kafukufuku wa labotale” pa 100 g ya tiyi wouma: extract wosungunuka m’madzi 46.22 %, tea polyphenols 26.76 %, amino nitrogen 411.53 mg. Chenjezo: manambala awiri oyambirira mpaka pa hundredth amafanana ndi khadi la bungwe lomwelo la tiyi wina — Hongshan Cha (洪山茶) kuchokera ku mzinda wa Yidu, komwe kusiyana ndi amino nitrogen kokha. Chifukwa chake sangayesedwe ngati muyeso wodziyimira; chaka, labotale ndi njira khadi silitchule.

8. Kuwira

Njira ya kalasi ya tiyi wobiriwira.

Kutentha kwa madzi: 80–85 °C.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml.
Zida: Kapu yagalasi kapena gaiwan yoyera.
Njira:
1. Tenthetsa chida.
2. Ikani tiyi, tsanulirani madzi m’mphepete.
3. Kuwira koyamba — masekondi 40–60.
4. Imwani, kusiya madzi ena.
5. Onjezerani madzi.
6. Kuwira kawiri kapena katatu kobwereza.

Malangizo a opanga sanapezeke m’magwero opezeka.

9. Kusunga

Njira ya kalasi. Kuyika m’mapaketi otsekedwa, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo; imwani mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.

10. Mtengo ndi Zonama

Palibe zambiri za mitengo m’magwero opezeka.

Momwe mungapewere zonama:
- Yang’anani pa paketi chizindikiro chapadera cha geographical indication ndi nambala ya chizindikiro — № 21456038.
- Fananizani wopanga ndi mndandanda wa ogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro, womwe bungwe loyang’anira nzeru zamalonda la Hubei limalemba.
- Kumbukirani kuti “wakutchire” m’dzinali ndi gawo la dzina lotetezedwa, osati umboni wa chiyambi cha masamba.
- Khadi limafotokoza maonekedwe ndi kukoma, koma njira zotsimikizira kuti ndi zenizeni sizinaperekedwe ndi magwero.

11. Zinthu Zosangalatsa

Zizindikiro za “五峰毛尖” ndi “五峰红茶” malinga ndi mndandanda womwewo zili ndi bungwe la tiyi la m’chigawocho (五峰茶业协会); “香水村野茶” ili ndi mwiniwake wosiyana — bungwe la “Xiangshui”.
Dzinalo limatetezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha mudzi: m’dzinali muli osati chigawo kapena phiri, koma mudzi.
Ziwerengero za physicochemical za khadi mpaka pa hundredth zimabwereza khadi la Hongshan Cha kuchokera ku Yidu yoyandikana nayo — nkhani yosowa, pamene kufanana kumawonekera mwachindunji m’mafotokozedwe a boma.
Masamba onenepa ngati chikopa, malinga ndi khadi, suvuta kupotoza, ndipo njira yopangira imaphatikizapo katatu “kuwotcha — kupotoza”.

12. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina

Caihua Maojian (采花毛尖): Tiyi wobiriwira wa m’chigawo chomwecho; chilengezo cha 2020 chimamutchula kuti ndi katundu wosiyana wokhala ndi dzina la “chizindikiro chakale cha Hubei”.
Wufeng Maojian (五峰毛尖): Tiyi wobiriwira wa m’chigawocho pansi pa zizindikiro za certification za bungwe la tiyi la m’chigawocho.
Wufeng Hongcha (五峰红茶): Tiyi wofiira wa m’chigawo chomwecho, komanso pansi pa chizindikiro cha certification.
Hongshan Cha (洪山茶): Tiyi wa ku Yidu yoyandikana nayo; makhadi a zizindikiro zonsezi amapereka extract ndi polyphenols zofanana.

Pomaliza:

Xiangshuicun Yecha ndi dzina la m’mudzi kuchokera kumadzulo kwa Wufeng, lotetezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha certification kuyambira 2018. Kaundula amapereka nambala, mwiniwake ndi nthawi, khadi la chizindikiro — mawu okhudza msonkho kwa tusi, kuwotcha pamanja m’mphika katatu, masamba akulu onenepa obiriwira wakuda, fungo la chestnut ndi kukoma kofewa kotsekemera. Kutalika, mtundu, chiyambi cha zomera kumbuyo kwa mawu oti “wakutchire” ndi malo enieni a mudzi sizinafotokozedwe m’magwero opezeka; izi zingaperekedwe kokha ndi malemba a malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito chizindikiro.

Magwero

Chizindikiro cha malo

湖北省知识产权局地理标志证明/集体商标名录 №21456038

Mndandanda wonse — patsamba la Magwero