Táojiāng zhúyè · thetea.app

Taojiang Zhuye (Táojiāng zhúyè, 桃江竹叶) iyitiyi elisicaba eliluhlaza laseTaojiang County (桃江县) ngaphansi kweYiyang City esifundazweni saseHunan. Igama elithi “Zhuye” (竹叶) lisho “iqabunga likaqalo”; itiye liqanjwe ngesimo salo, esincane, esisicaba futhi esibushelelezi. Umbhalo wokuvikela uphinde uqhathanise isimo salo nenkemba, umbala wawo “ne-jade emnyama”, futhi ephunga lawo ubiza inothi eligcwele le-castnut. Ngokombhalo wokuvikela, amaqabunga akhiwa kuphela ngaphambi komkhosi weQingming, okungukuthi ngaphambi kokuqala kuka-April. Ngo-2025, iChina National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) yaqaphela igama njengomkhiqizo onesibonakaliso sendawo.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingavutshelwa. Egameni isigaba asishiwongo: “iqabunga likaqalo” lichaza isimo, hhayi ukucutshungulwa. Isigaba sinqunywa ubuchwepheshe obusembhalweni wokuvikela: ukunwetshwa, ukulungiswa ngokushisa embizeni, ukwakhiwa kweqabunga elisicaba, ukomiswa ngokwengeziwe, kanye, ezinhlelweni ezimbili kwezintathu, nokupholishwa embizeni (辉锅, huīguō), ngaphandle kokubuna ngenjongo yokuvutshelwa futhi ngaphandle kokuvuthwa kancane. I-athikili eyinkomba mayelana netiye, ephinde yashicilelwa kuwebhusayithi yetiye, ibiza ngokuqondile itiye eliluhlaza elisicaba (扁形烘炒绿茶).
Isigaba: Itiye eliluhlaza elisicaba (扁形, biǎnxíng); umkhiqizo onesibonakaliso sendawo (CNIPA, 2025); isibonakaliso sendawo sezolimo soMnyango Wezolimo (inombolo AGI03212).
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe saseHunan (湖南, Húnán), iYiyang City (益阳, Yìyáng), iTaojiang County (桃江, Táojiāng).
Indawo evikelwe: Ngokombhalo wokuvikela, amadolobhana nezifunda eziyi-15 zaseTaojiang County: iTaohuajiang (桃花江), iFuqiushan Township (浮邱山), iGaoqiao Township (高桥), iZhaxi (沾溪), iXiushan (修山), iSantaljie (三堂街), iLucidu (鸬鹚渡), iDaligang (大栗港), iZhabu Hui Ethnic Township (鲊埠回族乡), iWutan (武潭), iMajitang (马迹塘), iShiniujiang (石牛江), iNiutian (牛田), iSongmutang (松木塘) kanye neHuishangang (灰山港).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: 111°35′59″–112°18′52″ E, 28°12′48″–28°40′52″ N.
Umfakisicelo: I-Taojiang County Tea Association (桃江县茶业协会).

2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko

Umlando: Angizange ngithole umthombo wokuqala mayelana nesikhathi sokuvela kwaleli tiye. I-athikili eyinkomba kuwebhusayithi yetiye ithi lasungulwa ngo-1985; leli datethi alizange liqhathaniswe nemibhalo. Lokhu engikwazile ukukuqinisekisa ngemibhalo kungumlando wokuvikela:
- Isibonakaliso sezolimo. Inombolo kwirejista yoMnyango Wezolimo ngu AGI03212; usuku lwerekhodi angizange ngiluqinisekise ngomthombo wokuqala.
- 2024. Encwadini yesifundazwe yaseHunan, igama elithi “桃江竹叶” alikho phakathi kwezimpawu eziqoqwayo nezesitifiketi, noma phakathi kwemikhiqizo enesibonakaliso sendawo. Kodwa phakathi kwezimpawu kukhona elithi “桃江绿茶” — “itiye eliluhlaza laseTaojiang”; ukuthi la magama amabili ahlobana kanjani akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele.
- 2025. Ngesimemezelo se-CNIPA No. 640 (esusayinwe 16 July, yashicilelwa 13 August), elithi “桃江竹叶” laqashelwa njengomkhiqizo onesibonakaliso sendawo; kusithasiselo, lokhu kuyindawo engu-985.
Igama: Elithi “Taojiang” (桃江) lisho “UMfula Wamapetshisi”, igama lesifunda; idolobhana elimaphakathi lendawo libizwa ngeTaohuajiang (桃花江) — “UMfula wombala wamapetshisi”. Elithi “Zhuye” (竹叶) lisho “iqabunga likaqalo”. I-athikili eyinkomba ichaza iqabunga njengelithi “elisicaba futhi libukeke kahle njengeqabunga likaqalo elincane” (扁平挺秀似新嫩竹叶).
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Alukho ulwazi emithonjeni etholakele.

3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa

Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar: Umbhalo wokuvikela ubiza ezintathu: iBixiangzao (碧湘早, Bìxiāngzǎo), iZhuyeqi (槠叶齐, Zhūyèqí) kanye neHuangjincha (黄金茶, Huángjīnchá). Elokuqala libhalwe ngokuthi 碧湘早; embhalweni wesimemezelo esifanayo seChangsha Lücha kukhona igama elifanayo elithi 碧香早, kodwa umbhalo awuchazi ukuthi ngabe kubhalwa okufanayo yini.
Ukusabalalisa: Ngokwezitshalo (无性繁殖) — ngokombhalo wokuvikela.
Ukuvuna: Ngokombhalo wokuvikela — njalo ngonyaka ngaphambi komkhosi weQingming (清明). I-athikili eyinkomba ikhombisa esinye isikhathi, kusukela kuQingming kuya kuGuyu (谷雨), kanye nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa: ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili aqala ukuvuleka (一芽二叶初展); ukuthi kungani kunomehluko akushiwongo emithonjeni.
Indinganiso yokuvuna: Ezingeni elikhethekile (特级) — ihlumela elilodwa kuphela noma ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa eliqala ukuvuleka (一芽一叶初展); ezingeni lokuqala — ikakhulukazi ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa elivulekile (一芽一叶开展).

4. I-terroir kanye nezici zokutshala

Isifunda: I-Taojiang County ngaphansi kwe-Yiyang.
Indawo yensimu: Ngokombhalo wokuvikela — izindawo ezisezintabeni, izindawo ezomile, noma amasimu adonsa kahle amanzi anethambeka elingaphansi kuka-25°, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ajule ngaphezu kwemitha elingu-1, kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi kwemvelo.
Umhlabathi: Ama-loam emikhiqizweni yokuwohloka kwamatshe (板页岩) negranite; i-pH 4.0–6.5; ungqimba lomhlabathi olungaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-60; umbhalo uthi acebile ngamaminerali, kodwa awunikezi izinombolo.
Ukuphakama nesimo sezulu: Alukho ulwazi emithonjeni etholakele.
Ukutshala nokunakekela: Kutshalwa kusukela ngoNovemba kuze kube sekupheleni kukaFebruwari, izitshalo ezingama-60-75,000 ngehekthele. Kabili kuya kane ngonyaka — ukunyakazisa okungajulile, ngaphambi kokufaka umquba — ukususa ukhula phakathi kwemigqa kungajulile kuno-10 cm. Ekuqaleni kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba — ukulima okujulile okungaphezu kuka-15 cm nomquba oyinhloko: i-nitrogen kanye ne-phosphorus, i-potassium kanye nama-microelements, njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu — i-calcium-magnesium phosphate.

5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza

Umbhalo wokuvikela uvumela izindlela ezintathu. Lezi zigaba ezingezansi zivela embhalweni, kodwa awunikezi amazinga okushisa noma izikhathi.

Ngesandla ngokuphelele — indlela ehloselwe izinto zokusetshenziswa zamazinga amabili akhethekile (特一级 and 特二级): ukunwetshwa (摊青, tānqīng) → ukulungiswa ngokushisa nokwakhiwa (杀青做形, shāqīng zuòxíng) → ukomiswa kokuqala nokulungisa isimo (初干整形, chūgān zhěngxíng) → ukomiswa ngokwengeziwe nokuqinisa isimo (足干固形, zúgān gùxíng).
Ngomshini ngokupholishwa ngesandla: ukunwetshwa → ukulungiswa ngokushisa ngomshini → ukugazingwa kwesibili nokwakhiwa (杀二青做形, shā èrqīng zuòxíng) → ukomiswa-ukupholishwa ngesandla embizeni (手工辉锅, shǒugōng huīguō).
Ngomshini ngokuphelele: ukunwetshwa → ukugazingwa ngomshini embizeni (机械炒青锅) → ukupholishwa ngomshini (机械辉锅).

Ezinhlelweni ezimbili zokuqala, ukwakhiwa kubizwa ngokuqondile emagameni ezigaba — “ukulungiswa ngokushisa nokwakhiwa”, “ukomiswa kokuqala nokulungisa isimo”, “ukomiswa ngokwengeziwe nokuqinisa isimo”, “ukugazingwa kwesibili nokwakhiwa”; izinhlelo zesibili nezesithathu ziphetha ngokupholishwa embizeni. Umbhalo awuchazi ukuthi iqabunga lakhiwa kanjani ngempela.

6. Izici ze-organoleptic

Umbhalo wokuvikela unikeza incazelo eyodwa ejwayelekile, ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa ngamazinga.

Isimo seqabunga elomile: Lisicaba, libushelelezi, lifana nenkemba (扁平光滑似剑); umbala walo uluhlaza, “njenge-jade emnyama” (色绿似墨玉).
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Ayikho incazelo ehlukile embhalweni.
Iphunga lokuphisa: Igcwele i-castnut (栗香浓郁).
Ukunambitheka: Kuhlanzekile futhi kuthambile (鲜醇).
Umbala wokuphisa: Uphuzi-oluhlaza, obala futhi okhanyayo (黄绿清澈明亮).
Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe): Luhlaza ngobumnene futhi likhanyayo (嫩绿明亮).

I-athikili eyinkomba ichaza ukubukeka ngendlela ehlukile: umbala uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uboya buyabonakala, iphunga le-castnut liqinile, ukunambitheka kuthambile futhi kuyavuselela ngokubuyela okumnandi, iqabunga eliphisiwe linamanzi, liphuzi futhi likhanyayo. Okufanayo yinothi le-castnut kanye nokuphisa okuphuzi-oluhlaza okubala; umbala weqabunga elomile — “ijade emnyama” embhalweni kanye “nombala okwesibhakabhaka” enkombeni — kuyahluka.

7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali

Umbhalo wokuvikela awunazo izidingo ze-physicochemical; alukho olunye ulwazi emithonjeni etholakele.

8. Ukuphisa

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza elisicaba.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C.
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml.
Isitsha: Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza ingilazi.
2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
3. Ukuphisa kokuqala — emva kwemizuzwana engama-40-60.
4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yokuphisa.
5. Thela amanzi futhi.
6. Ukuphisa kabili kuya kathathu.

9. Ukugcina

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama, kanye namaphunga angaphandle. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

10. Intengo kanye nokukhwabanisa

Alukho ulwazi ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

Ukuze ugweme ukukhwabanisa:
- Funana uphawu olukhethekile lwesibonakaliso sendawo.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowaseTaojiang County.
- Iqabunga — lisicaba, libushelelezi, liluhlaza okumnyama; iphunga — i-castnut; ukuphisa — kuphuzi-oluhlaza futhi kubala.
- Ungakudidanganyi ne-Emei Zhuqing yaseSichuan: elithi “iqabunga likaqalo” likuwo womabili amagama, kodwa lawa matiye ahlukene ezifundazweni ezahlukene.

11. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Igama liqhathanisa iqabunga nelikaqalo, kanti umbhalo wokuvikela uphinde uliqhathanise nenkemba.
Umbala weqabunga umbhalo uwuchaza nge “jade emnyama” (墨玉), itshe elimnyama.
Enye yezingxenye eziyishumi nanhlanu zendawo iyinhlangano kazwelonke yabantu baseHui.
Kusimemezelo esisodwa se-CNIPA kunamatiye amabili aluhlaza aseHunan anezikhathi zokuvuna ezahlukene: iTaojiang Zhuye ivunwa kuphela ngaphambi kweQingming, kanti iChangsha Lücha ivunwa kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuSeptemba.

12. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza asicaba nawaseHunan

Emei Zhuqing (峨眉竹叶青): Itiye eliluhlaza elisicaba lase-Emei Mountain eSichuan; elithi “iqabunga likaqalo” egameni liyefana, kodwa imikhiqizo yehlukile.
Xihu Longjing (西湖龙井): Itiye eliluhlaza elisicaba laseHangzhou; embhalweni walo, ukupholishwa embizeni (辉锅) kuchazwa njengokugazingwa kokugcina, okwenza iqabunga libe bushelelezi futhi licwebezele. Ezimbili kwezintathu izinhlelo zombhalo weTaojiang Zhuye nazo ziphetha ngokupholishwa embizeni.
Anhua Songzhen (安化松针): Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esingumakhelwane i-Anhua ngaphansi kweYiyang efanayo, kodwa likwisimo “senaliti likaphayini”, hhayi iqabunga elisicaba.
Changsha Lücha (长沙绿茶): Itiye eliluhlaza laseHunan elivela kusimemezelo esifanayo se-CNIPA, elisezintanjeni ezincanyana ezigobile.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Taojiang Zhuye yitiye eliluhlaza elisicaba laseTaojiang County, elenziwe embizeni laze labushelelezi “njengeqabunga likaqalo”. Umbhalo wokuvikela ulichaza ngendlela emfushane kodwa enembile: ukuvunwa kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kweQingming, izindlela ezintathu ezivunyelwe zokucutshungulwa embizeni, iqabunga elinombala wejade emnyama, iphunga eligcwele le-castnut, ukunambitheka okusha nokuthambile, kanye nokuphisa okuphuzi-oluhlaza okucacile. Umlando wetiye ngaphambi kokuvikelwa awukhanyisiwe emibhalweni; i-athikili eyinkomba ithi lavela ngo-1985.

Imithombo

Inkomba yendawo

CNIPA 地理标志产品认定 №640

Uhlu oluphelele — ekhasini elithi Imithombo