Cāngnán cuìlóng chá

Cangnan Cuilong Cha (Cāngnán cuìlóng chá, 苍南翠龙茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni sase-Cangnan County (苍南县) esifundeni sase-Wenzhou, eningizimu impela yesifundazwe sase-Zhejiang, emngceleni we-Fujian. Igama lisho ukuthi “udrako ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka wase-Cangnan”. Itiye livela “emafulegini nasemikhombeni” yendawo (旗枪, qíqiāng): ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1980 aqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi “Mingqian Longjing”, kwathi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1990, lapho i-Wenzhou ingafakwanga endaweni ye-Zhejiang Longjing, aqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi Cuilong. Isimo esiyinhloko yiqabunga eliyisicaba neliqondile eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kusukela ngo-2008 igama livikelwa wuphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá). Umbhalo wophawu alusho isigaba, kodwa izinga lesifunda i-DB330327/T 3—2021 lichaza i-Cuilong njengetiye elenziwe ngobuchwepheshe betiye eliluhlaza, elinombala ohlanzekile neqabunga eliluhlaza, iphunga elimnandi kanye nokunambitheka okuthambile (清汤绿叶、香高味醇).
Isigaba: Itiye elisha eliqanjwe igama (新创名茶) eqenjini lamatiye asentwasahlobo lase-Wenzhou; uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo (2008).
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Zhejiang (浙江, Zhèjiāng), isifunda sase-Wenzhou (温州, Wēnzhōu), isifunda sase-Cangnan (苍南, Cāngnán). Indawo eyinhloko izingadi zendawo eyayiyisifunda sase-Wufeng (五凤) entabeni i-Wudaishan (五岱山) esigodini se-Yucangshan (玉苍山); umbiko wango-2013 uthi idolobhana lase-Bamuhou (八亩后村) lesifunda sase-Wufeng lingaphansi kwedolobha lase-Qiaodun (桥墩镇).
Indawo yophawu: Isizinda sesifundazwe sibonisa isifunda sase-Cangnan njengengxenye yokuphatha yomnikazi; umngcele womthetho wendawo angiwuhlolanga.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Cishe u-27.5° N no-120.4° E (isifunda).

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Itiye lalezi zindawo ngaphambi kwe-Cuilong. Ngokwesikhungo sokudlulisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo sase-Wenzhou (2024), itiye emingceleni yamanje yesifunda lalikhiqizwa kakade ngesikhathi se-Five Dynasties, futhi umbuso wakwa-Wuyue wawuqoqa intela ngalo. I-Qing “Umlando we-Pingyang County” (平阳县志), ocashunwe isikhungo, uthi itiye elingcono kakhulu lalivela phansi kwe-Yucangshan e-Juxi (莒溪) osekuyi-Cangnan manje; lapho ikakhulukazi kwakwenziwa “isobho eliphuzi”, i-gongfu ebomvu kanye “namafulegi nemikhonto”.
- Ukushintshwa kwamagama. Ngokwesikhungo esifanayo, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1980 isifunda saqamba kabusha i-”旗枪” yaso ngokuthi “Mingqian Longjing” (明前龙井), futhi ngo-1993 leli tiye lathola isicoco setiye lesifundazwe eliqanjwe igama lesigaba sesibili. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1990 isifundazwe sabeka indawo yokukhiqiza i-Zhejiang Longjing, i-Wenzhou ayizange ifakwe kuyo, futhi itiye laqanjwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi “苍南翠龙茶”.
- Ukungafani kwezinsuku. Ijenali ethi “Zhongguo Chaye” (中国茶叶, 2000) ibhala ukuthi i-Cuilong yasungulwa wuphiko lwezolimo lwesifunda ngo-1996; izincazelo zezinkomba zibeka isicoco sesigaba sesibili ku-1997, hhayi ku-1993. Imithombo ibeka ukuqala kwetiye ngezinsuku ezahlukene.
- 1999. Isicoco setiye lesifundazwe eliqanjwe igama lesigaba sokuqala; ngokwezincazelo zezinkomba, emqhudelwaneni we-13 wesifundazwe wamatiye aqanjwe amagama. Umkhiqizo ngalowo nyaka, ngokwe-”Zhongguo Chaye”, wawungamathani angu-15.
- 2006–2008. Inhlangano yezolimo yesifunda sase-Cangnan (苍南县农学会) yafaka isicelo sophawu mhla ziyisi-8 kuNcwaba 2006; ukubhaliswa kwaba mhla zingama-20 kuNhlolanja 2008, uphawu № 5528372, isigaba 30.
- Umkhosi wokuvula isizini. Kusukela ngo-2006 isifunda minyaka yonke siba nomkhosi wokuvula itiye (温州（苍南）开茶节). Owesishiyagalombili, ngo-2013, waba sedolobhaneni lase-Bamuhou; owesikhombisa nane, ngo-2019, wavulwa e-National Tea Museum e-Hangzhou.
- 2012–2013. Ngokwesikhungo sase-Wenzhou, ngoZibandlela 2012 i-China International Tea Culture Research Society yanikeza i-Cuilong isicoco sika-”中华文化名茶”. I-China Tea Marketing Association ngo-2013 yabika ukuthi kanye nalesi sicoco isifunda sathola isicoco sika-”中国茶文化之乡”.
- Izinga. Kusebenza izinga lesifunda i-DB330327/T 3—2021: izingadi, ubuchwepheshe bezolimo, ukuqoqwa nokucutshungulwa.
Imiklomelo: Ngokwephephandaba lesifunda (2020) isicoco setiye lesifundazwe eliqanjwe igama lesigaba sokuqala, imiklomelo yegolide yemibukiso eminingana yetiye yase-Zhejiang kanye nomklomelo okhethekile we-”Houji” (后稷) womcimbi wezolimo e-Yangling. Inani lomkhiqizo wesifunda, ngokulinganisela kwe-Zhejiang University, lingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-300 zama-yuan.
Igama: “Cangnan” (苍南) “eningizimu ye-Yucangshan”: isifunda siqanjwe ngale ntaba. “Cuilong” (翠龙) “udrako ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka”; izincazelo zale ngxenye yegama azikho emithonjeni.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Isifunda sakhela ezokuvakasha etiyeni: ngokombiko wango-2013, idolobhana lase-Bamuhou libizwa ngokuthi “i-Wenzhou Meijiawu” (温州的梅家坞). Ngo-2019 isifunda sathuthukisa amabhrendi amabili etiye esifunda “苍南翠龙” kanye ne-”五凤香茗”.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa

Izinhlobo / I-cultivar: Embhalweni wophawu nasemithonjeni etholiwe izinhlobo azishiwongo.
Izinga lokuqoqwa: Ngokwezincazelo zezinkomba, ihlumela elilodwa neqabunga lokuqala elivulekayo (一芽一叶初展), amahlumela namaqabunga alinganayo ngosayizi.
Isikhathi sokuqoqwa: Izinsuku eziqondile ze-Cuilong azitholakali emithonjeni etholiwe. I-”Fujian ribao” (2025) ibhala ngamatiye asentwasahlobo ase-Wenzhou jikelele, lapho kubalwa ne-Cuilong, ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwawo kuqala ngoNhlolanja, ngaphezu kwenyanga ngaphambi kwe-Hangzhou Longjing.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala

Isifunda: Iningizimu impela ye-Zhejiang: isifunda sinomngcele nedolobha lase-Fuding esifundazweni sase-Fujian futhi siphumela olwandle i-East China Sea.
Isimo sezulu: Ngokwemininingwane yenkomba ngesifunda, isimo sezulu esimanzi se-monsoon esishisayo esimaphakathi; izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lonyaka lingu-14–18 °C, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa cishe izinsuku ezingu-288, imvula icishe ibe ngu-1769 mm ngonyaka. Imininingwane yezingadi zetiye ngokwayo ayikho.
Ukuphakama kokutshala: I-”Zhongguo Chaye” (2000) ukuphakama okuphakathi kungaphezu kwamamitha angu-400, intaba i-Wudaishan yesifunda sase-Wufeng; izincazelo zezinkomba cishe amamitha angu-400; incazelo yokukhangisa yomkhiqizo owodwa ingaphezu kwamamitha angu-500.
Inhlabathi: Ngokwezinga lesifunda lika-2021, ama-yellow-red soils nezinhlobo zawo phezu kwe-granite ne-tuff, i-pH 4.5–6.5, izinto eziphilayo ezingaphezu kuka-1%.
Izindawo nomkhiqizo: Izinombolo zibhekisela etiyeni lesifunda jikelele: ngo-2013, ngokwe-China Tea Marketing Association, kwakungu-10 000 mu wezingadi kanye nama-yuan ayizigidi ezingu-52 omkhiqizo ngonyaka ka-2012; ngo-2020, ngokwephephandaba lesifunda, kwakungu-19.2 thousand mu kanye namathani angaphezu kuka-900 etiye ngonyaka.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza

Izincazelo zezinkomba zihlukanisa ukucutshungulwa emisebenzini emine ukulungiswa, “i-green pan”, ukuphumula kanye ne-”shiny pan”; isikhungo sezolimo sase-Wenzhou esikhundleni sokulungiswa sibiza ukunwetshwa kweqabunga elisha. Imingcele ayikho emithonjeni etholiwe.

Ukunwetshwa kweqabunga elisha (摊放, tānfàng).
Ukulungiswa (杀青, shāqīng).
“I-green pan” (青锅, qīngguō).
Ukuphumula nokupholisa (回潮摊凉, huícháo tānliáng).
**“I-shiny pan” (辉锅, huīguō).

Ngokwesikimu esijwayelekile setiye eliyisicaba “i-green pan” ukugazinga kokuqala ngokunikeza isimo, ukuphumula kulinganisa umswakama eqabungeni, “i-shiny pan” iyomisa futhi ibushelelezi iqabunga. Lesi isikimu esijwayelekile, hhayi incazelo ye-Cuilong ngokwayo.

6. Izici Zokuzwa

Incazelo yanikezwa yijenali ethi “Zhongguo Chaye” (2000); isikhungo sezolimo sase-Wenzhou sichaza itiye cishe ngendlela efanayo.

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Elisicaba, elilinganayo neliqondile (扁平匀直), umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (色泽翠绿).
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholiwe.
Iphunga lomhluzo: Elihlanzekile, eliphezulu neliqinile (香气清高持久); ngokwesikhungo sase-Wenzhou liphezulu futhi libukhali (香气高锐).
Ukunambitheka: Okuthambile, nobumnandi (滋味醇和甘甜).
Umbala womhluzo: Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ogqamile (汤色翠绿明亮).
Izansi leqabunga (iqabunga eliphisiwe): Livuleka njengembali, liluhlaza okotshani futhi ligqamile (叶底成朵嫩绿明亮).

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical ayikho emithonjeni etholiwe.

8. Ukuphisa

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza. Isikhungo sezolimo sase-Wenzhou seluleka nge-Cuilong ingilazi ende ephakeme, amagremu angu-3–5 etiye namanzi angu-80–90 °C.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C.
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml.
Izitsha: Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
Inqubo:
1. Ukufudumeza izitsha.
2. Beka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
3. Umhluzo wokuqala emva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yomhluzo.
5. Thela amanzi futhi.
6. Ukuphinda uthele kabili noma kathathu.

9. Ukugcinwa

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga; kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

10. Intengo Nama-Fakes

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholiwe.

Ukwenza kanjani ukugwema amafake:
- Bheka uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo “苍南翠龙茶” (№ 5528372).
- Hlola imvume yomkhiqizi ngokwerejista yamanje: isizinda sesifundazwe, esigcinwa kuze kube ngu-2019, sibonisa izinkampani ezivunyelwe eziyiziro.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda sase-Cangnan.
- I-Cuilong eyisicaba iqabunga eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eliqondile nelilinganayo, umhluzo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqamile, iqabunga eliphisiwe livuleka njengembali.
Isimo sophawu: Kurejista ka-2026 uphawu lubhaliswe njengosuku lomthombo; ukuthi lusasebenza manje akufakazelwanga.

11. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo

Amagama amadolobhana ase-Nanchalao nase-Baichalao (南茶寮, 北茶寮) edolobheni lase-Wangli “Amahhokhi etiye aseNingizimu” kanye “naseNyakatho” ngokwesikhungo sezolimo sase-Wenzhou, asala emahhokhini umbuso wase-Wuyue owawubekela amagceke etiye.
Igama elithi “Cuilong” lavela ngempoqo: elangaphambilini elithi “Mingqian Longjing” kwadingeka lishintshwe lapho isifundazwe sibeka indawo ye-Longjing ngaphandle kwe-Wenzhou.

12. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye

Xi Hu Long Jing (西湖龙井): Isibonelo setiye eliyisicaba; kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1990 i-Cuilong yayithengiswa njenge-”Mingqian Longjing”, kodwa i-Wenzhou ayizange ifakwe endaweni ye-Longjing.
Wuniu Zao (乌牛早): Itiye eliluhlaza lasekuqaleni lesifunda sase-Yongjia sesifunda esifanayo, lolu hlu olufanayo lwamatiye asentwasahlobo.
Rui’an Qingmingzao (瑞安清明早): Itiye lohlobo oluphambili kakhulu oluvela ohlwini olufanayo lwase-Wenzhou.
Pingyang Huang Tang (平阳黄汤): Itiye eliphuzi lesifunda sase-Pingyang, okwake kwakuyizingxenye zomhlaba wase-Cangnan; umlando we-Qing wase-Pingyang ubiza “isobho eliphuzi” phakathi kwamatiye aphansi kwe-Yucangshan. I-Cuilong ayinakho ukubiliswa.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Cangnan Cuilong Cha yigama elisha endaweni endala yetiye: “amafulegi nemikhonto” yendawo, ebibizwa ngokuthi “Mingqian Longjing”, yaba i-Cuilong lapho i-Wenzhou isala ngaphandle kwendawo ye-Longjing. Leli yitiye eliyisicaba neliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elenziwe ngehlumela neqabunga lokuqala, elinephunga elihlanzekile neliphezulu kanye nokunambitheka okuthambile nobumnandi. Imithombo iyaphikisana ngosuku lokuzalwa kwaleli tiye futhi ikhuluma kakhulu nge-brand kunokunambitheka; kufanele ulizame eduze ne-Longjing namanye amatiye asentwasahlobo ase-Wenzhou.

Imithombo

Amazinga

DB330327/T 3-2021

Inkomba yendawo

CNIPA 地理标志证明商标 №5528372

Uhlu oluphelele — ekhasini elithi Imithombo