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míngzhài · 名寨
I-pu'er iwukuphela kwesigaba setiye laseShayina lapho igama lendawo elisembhalweni lisebenza njengegama lohlobo.
I-pu’er iwukuphela kwesigaba setiye laseShayina lapho igama lendawo elisembhalweni lisebenza njengegama lohlobo. I-Lao Banzhang, i-Yiwu, i-Bingdao, i-Xigui akuzona izinhlobo zezihlahla noma izindlela zokucubungula, kodwa amakheli ezindawo, imakethe ewabophezele iphrofayili yokunambitheka ezinzile kanye nentengo ezinzile. Ukuze ufunde la makheli, udinga ibalazwe lamazinga: igama elifanayo lingasho isifunda esilingana nesifundazwe, intaba ethile, kanye nomuzi owodwa emthambekeni wayo.
Le rejista iyilelo balazwe. Ihlanganisa amazinga amathathu okuhlukanisa, ichaza ukuthi yini esemva kokumaka kwethu kwezitebhisi kanye ne-古树 yemakethe (gǔshù), futhi ibonisa ukuthi yimaphi amagama ayingxenye eyaziwayo yomklamo wezwe lepu’er.
Amazinga amathathu: 产区 · 名山 · 村寨
I-geography yepu’er yakhiwe ngendlela ye-matryoshka, futhi ukudideka cishe njalo kubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwamazinga.
- 产区 (chǎnqū) — isifunda esikhulu, isifunda sokuphatha. Zine, futhi lesi yisilinganiso esikhulu kunazo zonke: «itiye laseLincang» lisho okufanayo ngemvelaphi njengokuthi «iwayini laseBurgundy».
- 名山 (míngshān) — «intaba enegama», intaba enkulu noma iqembu lezivande ngaphakathi kwe-产区. Lapha kuvela isitayela esihlukile: i-Yiwu ithambile, i-Bulang inamandla.
- 村寨 (cūnzhài) — umuzi noma indawo ethile emthambekeni. Leli yizinga lokugcina lokucacisa emakethe, futhi yilo elinquma intengo: umehluko phakathi kwemizi emibili yentaba eyodwa ungaba ngokuphindwe kashumi.
Igama lezinga elilodwa lihamba njalo liye kwelinye. I-景迈 iyintaba ohlwini lwe-«ezintathu ezintsha», futhi iyindawo yase-景迈山 kurejista ye-名寨. I-巴达 iyintaba, futhi iyindawo yase-章朗 kuyo. I-南糯 ikhona ngezindlela ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa: inqwaba, intaba, kanye nomuzi onegama. Lokhu akulona iphutha lerejista, kodwa impawu yendawo yasendaweni — nje kudingeka ubuze ukuthi yisilinganiso sani esikhulunywa ngaso njalo.
江内 kanye ne-江外 — umkhawulo omkhulu
Ngokusebenzisa indawo yepu’er kugeleza i-Lancangjiang (澜沧江, Láncāngjiāng) — ingxenye ephezulu yeMekong. Umfula wehlukanisa i-Xishuangbanna phakathi, futhi lokhu kwehlukanisa kudala ukwedlula zonke izilinganiso zesimanje.
- 江内 (jiāngnèi, «ngaphakathi komfula») — uhlangothi olusempumalanga: isifunda saseMengla kanye nengxenye esondelene yeJinghong. Lapha kumi i-古六大茶山 (gǔ liù dà chá shān), «izintaba eziyisithupha zasendulo zetiye», ezaduma ngesikhathi seQing njengabahlinzeki bentela yombusi.
- 江外 (jiāngwài, «ngaphandle komfula») — uhlangothi olusentshonalanga, isifunda saseMenghei. Lapha kumi izintaba ezinhlanu ze-新六大茶山 (xīn liù dà chá shān), «izintaba eziyisithupha ezintsha zetiye», udumo lwazo luyinto yekhulu lama-XX nelama-XXI; eyesithupha yazo, i-Jingmai, ilele ngaphandle kweXishuangbanna — esifundeni saseLancang sesifunda sasePu’er.
Ukuhlukanisa kuhle ngoba kucishe kuhambisane nomngcele wokunambitheka. IMpumalanga (i-Yiwu kanye nabangane) inikeza ukuthamba, ubumnandi bamanzi, kanye nokunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside okulandelayo. INtshonalanga (i-Bulang, i-Menghai) inikeza amandla, ukubaba, kanye nokubuya okunamandla okumnandi okulandelayo. «Cishe» lapha akusilo izwi lokucophelela: okuhlukile kuyiqiniso, futhi i-Nannuo ohlangothini olusentshonalanga ithambe ngokuphawulekayo kunomakhelwane bayo.
Izifunda ezine ze-产区
| 中文 | Igama lesiZulu | Isitebhisi | Edume ngakho |
|---|---|---|---|
| 西双版纳 | Xishuangbanna | S | Umnyombo womlando wepu’er: 古六山 kanye ne-新六山, i-Banzhang kanye ne-Yiwu. Kubandakanya i-Menghai, i-Mengla, ne-Jinghong |
| 临沧 | Lincang | S | «天下茶仓», isiphala setiye seZulu — umhlinzeki omkhulu kunabo bonke wezinto zokusetshenziswa; ibhange lezakhi zofuzo laseMengku; i-Bingdao kanye ne-Xigui |
| 普洱 (思茅) | Pu’er (Simao) | A | Owayekade eyiSimao; indawo yokuzalwa ye-Jingmai kanye ne-Kunlushan |
| 保山 | Baoshan | B | Enyakatho kunezinye; kakhulu i-dianhong kanye ne-yunnan lücha, itiye elicindezelwe lincane |
Isifunda sase-普洱 kanye nesiphuzo se-pu’ercha yizinto ezihlukile. Idolobha laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Pu’er ngo-2007, futhi igama lalo alisho lutho ngendawo lapho itshalwe khona itiye elithile: ipu’er yaseLincang ihlala iyipu’er, kanti itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sasePu’er alibi ipu’er.
古六大茶山 — izintaba eziyisithupha zasendulo
Zonke eziyisithupha zilele eXishuangbanna: ezinhlanu esifundeni saseMengla, eyodwa eJinghong.
| 中文 | Igama lesiZulu | Isitebhisi | Isiginesha | Inothi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 易武 (慢撒) | Yiwu (Mansa) | S | 汤柔水甜 — ukumnandi okuthambile, amanzi amnandi | Inkulu kunazo zonke kweziyisithupha; umnyombo — i-Mahei, i-Guafengzhai, i-Bohetang, i-Wangong |
| 倚邦 | Yibang | A | 细腻香甜 — okucolekile, okunephunga elimnandi, okumnandi | Inhloko-dolobha yomlando yezintaba eziyisithupha; lapha kukhula 小叶种, izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancane |
| 蛮砖 | Manzhuan | A | 质厚香滑 — okuminyene, okunephunga elimnandi, okushelelayo | «味最胜», «ukunambitheka kudlula ezinye», — ifomula kaRuan Fu |
| 革登 | Gedeng | B | 清甜 — okuhlanzekile nokumnandi | Ngolimi lwamaBulang — «indawo ephakeme» |
| 莽枝 | Mangzhi | B | 柔甜 — okuthambile nokumnandi | Phakathi kweYibang neGedeng |
| 攸乐 (基诺) | Youle (Jinuo) | B | 香扬苦回甘 — iphunga eliphakeme, ukubaba okunobumnandi obubuyayo | Ukuphela kweyodwa kweziyisithupha eJinghong |
新六大茶山 — izintaba eziyisithupha ezintsha
| 中文 | Igama lesiZulu | Umzali | Isitebhisi | Isiginesha |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 布朗 | Bulang | Xishuangbanna · Menghai | S | 霸气苦回甘 — ukubaba okuphakeme okunokubuya okude. Kubandakanya i-Lao Banzhang, i-Lao Man’e, i-Banpen |
| 南糯 | Nannuo | Xishuangbanna · Menghai | A | 柔花蜜香 — okuthambile, okuqukethe izimbali noju. Ingadi yomlando, i-Banpo Laozhai |
| 勐宋 | Mengsong | Xishuangbanna · Menghai | A | 香甜厚 — okunephunga elimnandi, okumnandi, okuminyene. Kubandakanya i-Naka; kukhona futhi ne-苦茶, umugqa obabayo |
| 景迈 | Jingmai | Pu’er · Lancang | A | 兰花香 — iphunga le-orchid. Indawo yamagugu omhlaba ye-UNESCO |
| 巴达 | Bada | Xishuangbanna · Menghai | B | 山野厚 — ukuminyana kwehlathi lasentabeni. Lapha kwakumi «inkosi yezihlahla zetiye» zasendle |
| 南峤 (勐遮) | Nanqiao | Xishuangbanna · Menghai | B | 平和 — okulinganayo, ngaphandle kwamakhona agqamile. Indawo eyithafa laseMengzhe |
名山 ngaphandle kwalezi zintaba eziyishumi nambili
Izintaba eziyishumi nambili ziyindaba ye-versailles. I-Lincang ne-Pu’er zanikeza amagama azo, futhi ngesisindo semakethe azilingani.
| 中文 | Igama lesiZulu | 产区 | Isitebhisi | Isiginesha |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 勐库 (东西半山) | Mengku (imithambeka esempumalanga nasentshonalanga) | Lincang · Shuangjiang | S | Umthambeka osentshonalanga — umugqa we-Bingdao, i-Dahusai, i-Xiaohusai, i-Dongguo, i-Da Xueshan; owempumalanga — i-Bannuo kanye ne-藤条茶 yayo |
| 邦东 | Bangdong | Lincang · Linxiang | S | 昔归冰糖甜 — ubumnandi obunjengoshukela we-Xigui; futhi i-Naha (那罕) ne-Manggang (曼岗), isiko le-藤条茶 |
| 困鹿山 | Kunlushan | Pu’er · Ning’er | S | 贡茶细腻 — ubuciko bentela yombusi; umphakathi wakudala wezihlahla ezisetshenziswayo |
Okushiwo izitebhisi
Izitebhisi S+ · S · A · B — yisikali sethu sokuhlela, hhayi izinga likahulumeni noma isitifiketi semboni. Ku-GB/T ukuhlukanisa okunjalo akukho, futhi asikho isikhungo esikunikezayo. Isikali sihlanganisa izinto ezintathu ezibonakalayo: ukuzinza kwedumela, ukushoda kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, kanye nokuhleleka kwentengo emakethe.
- S+ — ukushoda okuphelele kanye nesibonelo sentengo. Umthamo ulinganiswa ngamashumi ekhilogremu ngonyaka, okungamanga kukhulu kunomdabu.
- S — inani eliphakeme kunawo wonke lokwaziwa ngemithamo yangempela, nakuba emincane.
- A — amagama aziwa kabanzi, anegunya; itiye liyatholakala, intengo iphakeme, kodwa ayivimbeli.
- B — ezinye izindawo ezinamagama: igama liqinisekisiwe futhi libalulekile, kodwa akukho ukuheha okukhulu.
Isitebhisi sisho ngesimo segama emakethe, hhayi ngekhwalithi yesicaba esithile. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zesitebhisi B, eziqoqiwe ngokucophelela futhi zomiswa kahle, zingadlula kalula i-S eyenziwe budedengu. Okuphambene nakho kuyiqiniso, futhi kuvame kakhulu.
Uhlobo lwesihlahla kanye nendlela yokubumba
Irejista imaka ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa zivela kuziphi izihlahla. Lena i-axis ehlukile, engahambisani naleyo ye-geography.
- 古树 (gǔshù) — izihlahla ezindala; emizini eminingi enamagama lolu wuhlelo oluyinhloko noma okuwukuphela kwalo.
- 大树 (dàshù) — izihlahla ezinkulu, isinyathelo esilandelayo ngezansi ngeminyaka.
- 野生 (yěshēng) — ezikhula endle: i-Da Xueshan, i-Qianjiazhai, ingxenye ye-Bada.
- 过渡型 (guòdùxíng) — «uhlobo lwenguquko», uhlobo oluphakathi phakathi kwesihlahla sasendle nesilinywayo; isibonelo esidume kakhulu — i-Banwai.
- 半栽培 (bàn zāipéi) — imiphakathi esetshenziswayo ngesigamu, njengaseKunlushan: akusilo ingadi futhi akusilo ihlathi.
Ngokuhlukile kukhona 藤条茶 (téngtiáo chá) — akulona uhlobo lwesihlahla, kodwa indlela yokubumba umqhele: amahlumela ashiywa made futhi aguquguqukayo, «njengomvini», kususwa amaqabunga angaphezulu. Isiko ligcinwa eBannuo naseBangdong, futhi ukunambitheka liyalishintsha ngokuphawulekayo.
Ukuhlobana kwemikhakha yeminyaka kuchazwe ngokuhlukile — bheka i-gushu, i-dashu, i-yesheng kanye ne-taidi.
Irejista ye-名寨 — imizi enamagama
Ukuhleleka — nge-产区 nangentaba, hhayi ngesitebhisi; ukubala imigqa kubhekwe ethebuleleni ngokwazo.
Xishuangbanna · Menghai (江外)
| 中文 | Igama lesiZulu | Intaba | Isitebhisi | Isihlahla | Iphrofayili |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 老班章 | Lao Banzhang | Bulang | S+ | 古树 | 茶气最足, 霸气 — amandla amakhulu kunawo wonke; ukubaba okusindayo kanye nokubabayo, kuguqukela ebumnandi obude; iphunga loju |
| 老曼峨 | Lao Man’e | Bulang | S | 古树 | 苦茶 — isibonelo sokubaba, okushintsha kube 回甘 okunamandla; kukhona nomugqa omnandi we-甜茶 |
| 班盆 | Banpen | Bulang | A | 古树 | Isondelene neLao Banzhang, ithambe kakhulu — indlela evamile etholakalayo |
| 新班章 | Xin Banzhang | Bulang | A | 古树 | Inamandla, ithambe kancane kuneLao Banzhang; umuzi wamaHani ngasendaweni |
| 贺开 | Hekai | Hekai | A | 古树 | 厚甜 — okuminyene nokumnandi, okulinganayo, ukubaba okuthambile; izingadi ezindala eziqhubekayo |
| 那卡 | Naka | Mengsong | S | 古树 | 香甜厚 — okunephunga elimnandi, okumnandi, okuminyene, okunokulingana; umuzi wamaLahu, isiko le-竹筒茶 |
| 帕沙 | Pasha | Nannuo | A | 古树 | 柔甜花香 — okuthambile nokumnandi okunephunga lezimbali |
| 南糯山 | Nannuoshan | Nannuo | A | 古树 | 柔, 花蜜香 — okuthambile, okuqukethe izimbali noju; i-半坡老寨 kanye ne-多依寨 |
| 大勐宋 (苦茶) | Da Mengsong | Mengsong | B | 古树 | 苦劲 — amandla ababayo; indawo epholile ephakeme |
| 巴达 (章朗) | Bada (Zhanglang) | Bada | B | 古树 · 野生 | 山野气, 厚 — umlingiswa wehlathi lasentabeni |
Xishuangbanna · Mengla kanye ne-Jinghong (江内)
| 中文 | Igama lesiZulu | Intaba | Isitebhisi | Isihlahla | Iphrofayili |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 麻黑 | Mahei | Yiwu | S | 古树 | 汤柔水甜, 韵长 — isibonelo se-Yiwu yakudala, i-韵 ende kunawo wonke |
| 薄荷塘 | Bohetang | Yiwu · ihlathi likahulumeni | S+ | 古树 | 清雅花蜜 kuhlanganisa nokuphola kwe-mint, 细腻 — ukushoda okukhulu kakhulu, inani eliphezulu le-Yiwu |
| 刮风寨 | Guafengzhai | Yiwu · ihlathi likahulumeni | S | 古树 | 野韵强 — i-resonance yasendle enamandla, iphunga lezimbali noju; umuzi wamaYao |
| 茶王树 | Chawangshu | Yiwu · Guafengzhai | S+ | 古树 | Iphunga eliphakeme lezimbali, izithelo, noju, ukumnandi okuminyene, amandla aqinile |
| 弯弓 | Wangong | Yiwu (Mansa) | S | 古树 | 花蜜香, 细腻饱满 — iphunga lezimbali noju, okucolekile nokugcwele; umnyombo womlando weMansa |
| 落水洞 | Luoshuidong | Yiwu | A | 古树 | 甜柔, 蜜香 — okumnandi nokuthambile, okunephunga loju; kunenganekwane yayo «yenkosi yezihlahla zetiye» |
| 铜箐河 | Tongqinghe | Yiwu · ihlathi likahulumeni | A | 古树 | Okwasendle, okupholile, okuminyene |
| 曼松 (贡茶) | Mansong (gong-cha) | Yibang | S+ | 古树 | 甜润细腻 — okumnandi, okunothe, nokucolekile, isithunzi sentela yombusi; ezihlahleni ezindala cishe 10 kg ngonyaka |
| 倚邦 | Yibang | Yibang | A | 古树 | 细腻 — okucolekile, okumnandi nokunephunga elimnandi; kunezinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancane |
| 蛮砖 | Manzhuan | Manzhuan | A | 古树 | 质厚香滑 — okuminyene futhi okushelelayo, ukubaba okuncane okunokubuya okunamandla |
| 革登 | Gedeng | Gedeng | B | 古树 · 小树 | 清甜 — okuhlanzekile nokumnandi; imithamo mincane |
| 莽枝 | Mangzhi | Mangzhi | B | 古树 · 小树 | 柔甜 — okuthambile nokumnandi |
| 攸乐 (基诺) | Youle (Jinuo) | Youle | B | 古树 | 香扬 — iphunga eliphakeme, ukubaba okuvezwayo nokubuya. Ukuphela kwaleli thebula elingekho eMengla, kodwa eJinghong |
Lincang
| 中文 | Igama lesiZulu | Intaba | Isitebhisi | Isihlahla | Iphrofayili |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 冰岛老寨 | Bingdao (umuzi omdala) | Mengku, umthambeka osentshonalanga | S+ | 古树 | Cishe akukho kubaba nokubabayo, iphunga eliphakeme, ubumnandi obunjengoshukela, ukuphola emphinjeni — «inkosi yaseLincang» |
| 冰岛五寨 (南迫 · 地界 · 坝歪 · 糯伍) | Imizi emihlanu yaseBingdao | Mengku | S | 古树 | Umugqa ofanayo woshukela, uthambe kakhulu kunomuzi omdala. Kubakaki kubhalwe izihambeli ezine — owesihlanu we-五寨 yi-冰岛老寨 uqobo, emugqeni ongenhla |
| 大雪山 | Da Xueshan | Mengku | A | 野生 | Umlingiswa onamandla wehlathi lasentabeni, ukuminyana; umphakathi wakudala wasendle ku-2200–2750 m |
| 小户赛 | Xiaohusai | Mengku, umthambeka osentshonalanga | A | 古树 | 花香甜厚 — okuqukethe izimbali, okumnandi, okuminyene; izingadi ezindala ezinkulu |
| 坝糯 | Bannuo | Mengku, umthambeka osempumalanga | A | 古树 (藤条) | 劲扬, 高香 — okubukhali, okunephunga eliphakeme, okuqinile; isibonelo somthambeka osempumalanga |
| 懂过 | Dongguo | Mengku, umthambeka osentshonalanga | B | 古树 | 厚甜 — okuminyene nokumnandi |
| 昔归 | Xigui | Bangdong | S | 古树 (藤条) | Ubumnandi obunjengoshukela, i-orchid, amandla abonakalayo — «i-banzhang yaseLincang»; intwasahlobo inamandla kakhulu kunekwindla |
| 那罕 | Naha | Bangdong | A | 古树 | 甜润, 花香 — okumnandi, okunothe, okuqukethe izimbali |
| 忙肺 | Mangfei | Mangfei | A | 古树 · 大树 | 甜醇, 厚 — okumnandi nokuthambile, okuminyene |
I-Bingdao, i-Xigui, i-Da Xueshan, ne-Mangfei ndawonye zibizwa nge-临沧四小龙 — «amadragoni amancane amane aseLincang».
Pu’er (Simao)
| 中文 | Igama lesiZulu | Intaba | Isitebhisi | Isihlahla | Iphrofayili |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 困鹿山 | Kunlushan | Kunlushan | S | 古树 (半栽培) | 细腻甜润 — okucolekile nokumnandi, okunothe, isithunzi sentela yombusi; cishe ama-1939 mu ezihlahla ezindala ezisetshenziswayo ngesigamu |
| 景迈山 | Jingmaishan | Jingmai | A | 古树 | 兰花香 — i-orchid evezwayo, ukubabayo okuguqukela ebumnandi, i-韵 yasentabeni; indawo yamagugu omhlaba ye-UNESCO |
| 邦崴 | Banwai | Banwai | B | 过渡型 古树 | Okuminyene, okwehlathi lasentabeni; isihlahla esidume ngesohlobo lwenguquko esineminyaka cishe eyinkulungwane |
| 千家寨 | Qianjiazhai | Ailaoshan | B | 野生 | 野韵 — i-resonance yasendle; «inkosi yezihlahla zetiye» zasendle eneminyaka cishe engama-2700 |
Ukuyifunda kanjani le rejista — nokuthi yini engayithembisi
Irejista iphendula umbuzo «liyini igama elibhalwe embhalweni». Ayiphenduli eminye imibuzo emine, futhi akufanele kudidaniswe.
Igama embhalweni alibufakazeli umsuka. I-Lao Banzhang iyikheli elikhohliswa kakhulu itiye laseShayina: umthamo wonyaka womuzi awuqhathaniseki nomthamo wetiye elithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lawo. Irejista ichaza ukuthi indawo idume ngani, hhayi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isicaba esithengiwe sivela lapho.
Iphrofayili iyisiginesha, hhayi inothi lokunambitha. Amafomula anjenge-汤柔水甜 noma i-霸气 yizimpawu zemakethe ezimfushane ezisetshenziswa abathengi. Ibheji ethile incike onyakeni, isikhathi sokukha, ukuphakama, isimo sezulu, kanye nezandla zengcweti kakhulu kunomugqa wethebula.
Isitebhisi asilingani nekhwalithi. Silingana nesimo segama emakethe. Lokhu kushiwo ngenhla, kodwa kufanele kuphindwe: ilapha lapho kuvame khona ukwenza amaphutha.
Uhlu aluvalwanga. Imizi enamagama iyavela futhi ilahlekelwe isisindo; i-冰岛五寨 ingene ekusetshenzisweni muva nje, futhi ingxenye yamagama amadala cishe ayitholakali ekuthengisweni. Irejista ibhala isimo, hhayi i-canon yaphakade.
the teas described here are available from teamotea