Dǒnghé bìzhēn chá

Dǒnghé bìzhēn chá (Dǒnghé bìzhēn chá, 董河碧珍茶) itiye eliluhlaza eliqondile lasedolobhaneni lase Sānhuā (散花镇) esifundeni sase Xīshuǐ (浠水县) esifundeni sasedolobheni sase Huánggāng empumalanga yesifundazwe sase Húběi. Igama lifundeka ngokuthi “igugu eliluhlaza satshani elivela e Dǒnghé”; i Dǒnghé yidolobhana elisendaweni yokuvikela kanye nebhizinisi lendawo letiye. Amasimu alele ngaphansi kwamamitha angama-600 azungeze intaba i Qīngshī (青狮山), emthambekeni oseningizimu wentaba i Jiāngjiāshān, okuyingxenye yokhahlamba lwase Dàbié, phakathi komfula i Yangtze nechibi i Cèhú. Itiye eselilungile linezinti zetiye ezincane eziminyene eziqondile ezinoboya obumhlophe obuvulekile. Ngo-2020 igama lathola isiqinisekiso sezolimo sokukhomba indawo, kwathi ngo-2025 langena ohlwini lwemikhiqizo enezinkomba zendawo ze National Intellectual Property Administration yase China.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), eliqondile (直条形, zhítiáoxíng). Isigaba siqanjwe encazelweni yomkhiqizo ovikelwe uqobo: «董河碧珍茶属直条形绿茶»: “ingeyamatiye aluhlaza aqondile.”
Isigaba: Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase Húběi; umkhiqizo onenkombandlela yendawo.
Imvelaphi: I China, isifundazwe sase Húběi (湖北, Húběi), isifunda sasedolobheni sase Huánggāng (黄冈, Huánggāng), isifunda sase Xīshuǐ (浠水, Xīshuǐ), idolobhana lase Sànhuā (散花, Sànhuā).
Indawo yokuvikela: Ngokwencazelo yereferensi, amayunithi ayisikhombisa edolobhana lase Sànhuā: amadolobhana ase Dǒnghé (董河村), Tiānránsì (天然寺村), Xīnmiào (新庙村), Shāyánghú (沙洋湖村), Yuèfàn (月畈村), Xiānfēng (先丰村) kanye nehlathi lase Tiānránsì (天然寺林场). Ikhathalogi yezinkomba ibhala ngokubanzi ukuthi “indawo yamanje yokuphatha yesifunda sase Xīshuǐ”; ukungqubuzana nombhalo womemezelo akukaqinisekiswa.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Ngokwencazelo yereferensi: 30°16′30″–30°19′05″ enyakatho kanye no 115°13′25″–115°15′46″ empumalanga.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Ngaphambi kuka-2020. Akukho mininingwane etholakalayo emithonjeni ekhona ngemvelaphi yegama, ngemibhalo yokuqala noma ngokusungulwa kwebhizinisi lase Dǒnghé.
- 2020: isiqinisekiso sezolimo. Ngomhla ka-19 Meyi 2020, ingosi i “Jīngchǔ wǎng” (荆楚网) yabika ukuthi uMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya ngomemezelo № 290 unikeze izitifiketi zezolimo zokukhomba indawo emikhiqizweni eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye yase Húběi; i Dǒnghé bìzhēn chá iphakathi kwazo. Inombolo yokubhalisa kukhathalogi yezinkomba ngu AGI02944.
- Imiklomelo. Ingosi yezokuvakasha yesifunda ibiza leli tiye ngokuthi linomklomelo okhethekile womncintiswano “wamatiye adumile kazwelonke” (全国名优茶特等奖), kodwa ayisho unyaka noma umhleli. I “Húběi rìbào” ngo-2026 ibhala ngokwejwayelekile “ngemiklomelo eminingi yezimboni yesifundazwe neyezwe,” ngaphandle kokuyibala.
- 2025: uhlu lwe National Intellectual Property Administration. Ngomemezelo № 640, owasayinwa ngomhla ka-16 Julayi nowashicilelwa ngomhla ka-13 Agasti 2025, i National Intellectual Property Administration yaqaphela amagama ayi-1409 njengemikhiqizo enezinkomba zendawo; ikhathalogi yezinkomba ifaka i Dǒnghé bìzhēn chá kulolu memezelo.
- 2026. Ngokombiko we “Húběi rìbào,” ngomhla ka-26 Meyi 2026 leli tiye laboniswa e Wǔhàn embukisweni wesithathu wokwethulwa kwemikhiqizo edumile enezinkomba zendawo.
Igama: “Dǒnghé” (董河) yigama ledolobhana nebhizinisi letiye; “bì” (碧) kusho okuluhlaza satshani, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka; “zhēn” (珍) kusho igugu.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I “Húběi rìbào” ibiza leli tiye ngokuthi umkhiqizo odumile wesifunda okhaya luka Wén Yīduō (闻一多).

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe

Izinhlobo / I-cultivar: Emithonjeni etholakalayo izinhlobo aziqanjwanga.
Izinto ezingavuthiwe: Iqabunga elilodwa elinembewu eyodwa noma imbewu eyodwa enamacembe amabili avele nje kancane (一芽一叶或一芽二叶初展): kusho kanjalo encazelweni yomkhiqizo ovikelwe.
Isikhathi sokukha: Ayikho imihla eqondile emithonjeni etholakalayo.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala

Isifunda: Impumalanga ye Húběi, ngase Yangtze. Ngokwencazelo yereferensi, empumalanga indawo inomngcele nesifunda sase Qíchūn (蕲春县), enyakatho nedolobhana lase Lánxī (兰溪镇), eningizimu kunechibi i Cèhú (策湖), entshonalanga kugeleza umfula i Yangtze. Indawo ingu 12 ku 10 km, 40.3 km²; izintaba zithatha 38.5% yendawo, amagquma 41.2%, izinkangala zomfula 20.3%.
Ukuphakama kokutshala: Ngaphansi kwamamitha angama-600: ngokwencazelo yengosi yezokuvakasha yesifunda.
Isimo sezulu: Ngokwencazelo yengosi, amasimu azungezwe amanzi ezinhlangothini ezintathu: umfula i Yangtze, ichibi i Cèhú, amadamu. Inkungu inikeza ukukhanya okuhlakazekile, futhi amanzi athambisa ubusika: umehluko wokushisa phakathi kosuku nobusuku mncane, futhi izihlahla azihlupheki kangako ngenxa yesithwathwa.
Inhlabathi: Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakalayo.
Umakhelwane: Ngokombiko wengosi i “Jīngchǔ wǎng,” ibhizinisi letiye lase Dǒnghé lingomakhelwane nesigodlo sezindela sase Tiānránsì (天然寺).
Isikali: Ngokwencazelo yereferensi, indawo enetiye endaweni ingu 200 ha, umkhiqizo wonyaka ngu 150 t; unyaka wemininingwane awushiwongo.
Izidingo zemvelo: Incazelo yereferensi ixhumanisa ezolimo namazinga omkhakha “wemikhiqizo eluhlaza” (绿色食品): NY/T 391-2013, NY/T 393-2013, NY/T 394-2013 kanye no NY/T 288-2012. Izibulala-zinambuzane ezinobuthi ikakhulukazi zinqatshelwe, futhi itiye lingena emakethe kuphela ngemva kokuhlolwa kwezinsalela zazo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza

Incazelo yomkhiqizo ovikelwe ithi kuphela itiye “lenziwe ngobuchwepheshe obukhethekile” (以特殊工艺加工制成). I “Húběi rìbào” yengeza ukuthi itiye licutshungulwa kusetshenziswa “ubuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi obuthuthukile kanye nemishini ehlakaniphile” (先进的专利技术和智能化设备); iphephandaba alisho ukuthi yikuphi. Ukulandelana kwemisebenzi kanye namapharamitha akukho emithonjeni etholakalayo.

Ngetiye eliluhlaza eliqondile ukulandelana okuvamile yilokhu:

Ukwethulwa kweqabunga elisha (摊放, tānfàng).
Ukulungisa ngokushisa (杀青, shāqīng): Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
Ukusonga nokuqondisa (揉捻, róuniǎn; 理条, lǐtiáo).
Ukomisa (干燥, gānzào).

Lolu uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe be Dǒnghé bìzhēn chá.

6. Izici Zezitho Zomzimba

Incazelo engezansi ivela encazelweni yomkhiqizo ovikelwe kukhathalogi yezinkomba; ingosi yezokuvakasha yesifunda iyayiphinda futhi yengeza ukunambitheka.

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Izinti zetiye ezincane eziminyene eziqondile (条索紧细), uboya obumhlophe buvulekile (白毫显露), iqoqo liyafana (均匀一致).
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakalayo.
Iphunga lokuphisa: Elihlanzekile nelihlala isikhathi eside (持久清香).
Ukunambitheka: Okuqabulayo, nobumnandi obubuyayo, obude (爽口回甘，滋味绵长).
Umbala wokuphisa: Oluhlaza satshani othambile futhi okhanyayo (嫩绿明亮).
Isizinda setiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe): Eliphelele, eliluhlaza futhi elikhanyayo, imbewu ibonakala ngokulinganayo (完整绿亮，显芽均匀).

Ingosi i “Jīngchǔ wǎng” (2020) ichaza umbala weqabunga ngokuthi oluhlaza satshani, ukuphisa ngokuthi okuluhlaza okukhanyayo, nephunga ngokuthi “elijulile, eliphakeme futhi elihlala isikhathi eside” (香气幽高持久).

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Incazelo yereferensi yomkhiqizo ibeka ubuncane obulandelayo:

Inkomba	Imfuneko
Izinto ezikhishwayo	okungenani 40%
Ama-polyphenol etiye	okungenani 16%
Ama-amino acid akhululekile	okungenani 2.8%

Nombhalo wezidingo ze National Intellectual Property Administration amanani awakaqinisekiswa; ayikho imininingwane nge-caffeine.

8. Ukuphisa

Umkhuba wesigaba wetiye eliluhlaza.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C.
Inani letiye: 3 g nge 150 ml.
Izitsha: Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza izitsha.
2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
3. Ukuphisa kokuqala: ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokuphisa.
5. Thela amanzi futhi.
6. Ukuphisa kabili noma kathathu.

9. Ukugcina

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku 0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuza phakathi nonyaka.

10. Intengo kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo emithonjeni etholakalayo.

Indlela yokugwema imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:
- Bheka uphawu lwenkombandlela yendawo ephaketheni.
- Hlola imvelaphi: ikhathalogi yezinkomba ibiza indawo yesifunda sase Xīshuǐ, incazelo yereferensi amayunithi ayisikhombisa edolobhana lase Sànhuā.
- Iqabunga: lincane, liminyene, liqondile, linoboya obumhlophe obuvulekile; eqabungeni eliphisiwe imbewu ibonakala ngokulinganayo.

11. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo

Indawo yokuvikela ngokwencazelo yereferensi icishe ibe ngu 40 km²: amakhilomitha ayishumi ukuya ngapha nangapha phakathi komfula i Yangtze nechibi i Cèhú.
Ememezelweni kaminyango wango-2020 kanye nalo amanye amatiye amahlanu ase Húběi athola iziqinisekiso: itiye elibomvu i Yíchāng Yíhóng (宜昌宜红), i Tángyá chá (唐崖茶), i Bǎizhàngtān chá (百丈潭茶), i Luótián Xiānglù chá (罗田香露茶) ne Qūxī lǜchá (曲溪绿茶), futhi ngaphandle kwawo: irapu, umhlonyane, ilotusi, i-grapefruit ngisho nenhlanzi i-loach.
Isifunda sase Xīshuǐ siyikhaya lembongi u Wén Yīduō, futhi abezindaba bendawo bethula itiye njengomkhiqizo odumile wekhaya lakhe.

12. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza ase Huánggāng nase Húběi

Yīngshān Yúnwùchá (英山云雾茶): Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase Yīngshān sesifunda esifanayo, lisuka emithambekeni eseningizimu yase Dàbié; i Dǒnghé bìzhēn chá ikhula engxenyeni yokhahlamba olufanayo, kodwa ngaphansi kwamamitha angama-600 futhi eduze namanzi.
Máchéng Guī Shān Lǜ Chá (麻城龟山绿茶): Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni yentaba i Guīfēngshān e Dàbié, nalo lise Huánggāng.
Luótián Xiānglù chá (罗田香露茶): Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lesifunda sase Luótián sesifunda esifanayo; isiqinisekiso salithola eqenjini elifanayo lase Húběi lango-2020.
Cǎihuā Máo Jiān (采花毛尖): Itiye eliluhlaza eliphambili lasentshonalanga ye Húběi: ukuze liqhathaniswe netiye lasemngceleni osempumalanga wesifundazwe.

Ekuphetheni:

I Dǒnghé bìzhēn chá itiye eliluhlaza elincane elisuka entabeni i Qīngshī ngase Yangtze: izinti zetiye ezincane eziqondile ezinoboya obumhlophe, ukuphisa okuluhlaza satshani okuthambile, iphunga elihlanzekile elihlala isikhathi eside nobumnandi obude. Imibhalo ikhuluma ngendawo, ukubukeka kanye nokubhaliswa, kodwa ithule ngezinhlobo, izikhathi zokukha kanye nebalazwe lobuchwepheshe.