Xiāngshuǐcūn yěchá

Xiangshuicun Yecha (Xiāngshuǐcūn yěchá, 香水村野茶) — «itiye lasendle laseXiangshui Village» elivela eWufeng Tujia Autonomous County (五峰土家族自治县) esifundeni saseYichang, esifundazweni saseHubei. Ngokwekhadi lophawu olwanyatheliswa yihhovisi lezempahla yobuhlakani lesifundazwe, idolobhana lilele entshonalanga yesifunda, emgqeni wezintaba zaseWuling. Igama livikelwe uphawu lwesitifiketi olunendawo ekhonjwayo, olwabhaliswa ngo-2018 ngaphansi kwenhlangano yendawo yetiye. Isigaba asishiwongo ndawo, kodwa inqubo echazwe ekhadini — ukubuna okulula, ukugazinga ngesandla ebhodweni kanye nemijikelezo emithathu yokuthi «ukugazinga — ukusonteka» — lolu wuhlelo lwetiye eliluhlaza.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá) lokugazinga ebhodweni. Irejista ikhomba umkhiqizo nje ngokuthi «茶», ikhadi lophawu alisho isigaba ngegama, kodwa uhlelo lwalo lokucubungula — ukubuna, ukugazinga ngesandla, kathathu «ukugazinga bese kusonteka», ngaphandle kwe-oxidation — kanye nombala oluhlaza okotshani omnyama wetiye elomile kukhomba itiye eliluhlaza.
Isigaba: Itiye lendawo lasemaphandleni; uphawu lwesitifiketi olunendawo ekhonjwayo (2018).
Imvelaphi: IShayina, isifundazwe saseHubei (湖北, Húběi), isifunda saseYichang (宜昌, Yíchāng), iWufeng Tujia Autonomous County (五峰, Wǔfēng), idolobhana laseXiangshui (香水村) entshonalanga yesifunda. Ukuthi idolobhana lingaphansi kwaliphi idolobha noma isigodi, akushiwongo ngqo emithonjeni etholakele; incwadi ka-2025 mayelana nedolobha laseWufeng (五峰镇) ibala ukubhaliswa kophawu phakathi kwezimpumelelo zaleli dolobha.
Indawo evikelwe: Imininingwane yendawo evela emithethweni yokusebenzisa uphawu ayikho emithonjeni etholakele. Irejista ikhomba kuphela ubunikazi bokuphatha bomnikazi — isifunda saseWufeng.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Idolobha laseWufeng, isikhungo sesifunda, — cishe u-30.2° N no-110.7° E; indawo yedolobhana uqobo ayikatholakali.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Intela yamaTusi. Ikhadi lophawu lithi itiye laseXiangshui Village ngokomlando lalilokhu liyintela yamaTusi (土司贡品, tǔsī gòngpǐn) — ababusi bendawo bezindlalifa. Ikhadi aliniki zinsuku noma umlando okusekelwe kuwo.
- 2018. Ngokohlu lwehhovisi lezempahla yobuhlakani lesifundazwe (idatha kusukela ngoMeyi 2020), uphawu lwesitifiketi «香水村野茶» № 21456038, isigaba 30, umkhiqizo «茶», luvikelwe kusukela zingama-21 kuJulayi 2018 kuya kuma-20 kuJulayi 2028. Umnikazi — iWufeng Xiangshui Tea Professional Technical Association (五峰香水茶叶专业技术协会).
- 2020. Ikhadi libiza umsebenzisi wophawu njengenkampani iHubei Wufeng Xiangshui Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. ngelayisense kusukela zingama-2 kuJulayi 2020 kuya kulu-1 kuJulayi 2025. NgoJuni wonyaka ofanayo, isiteshi sabathengi se-People’s Daily Online samemezela ukusakazwa bukhoma ukweseka abakhiqizi basemaphandleni «百城百县», okwenziwa yipulatifomu «人民优选» yephephandaba i-People’s Daily kanye ne-China Advertising Association. Phakathi kwemikhiqizo yesifunda saseWufeng kubalwa ibhekoni elibhemayo laseTujia, «elisezintabeni eziphakeme, imvelo yasekuqaleni» (高山原生态) 香水村野茶, uju lwenyosi yaseChina kanye namatiye amabili anesiqu «sohwebo oludala lwaseHubei»: uCaihua Maojian kanye neWufeng Yihong yophawu «Caihua» (采花五峰宜红茶).
- 2025. Incwadi mayelana nomkhakha wetiye wedolobha laseWufeng iphawula ukuthi «香水村野茶» ithole uphawu lwesitifiketi olunendawo ekhonjwayo, — ngokuhambisana nokwakhiwa kwezindawo zetiye ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngokwemigomo ye-EU, itiye le-organic kanye «netiye lasendle elidala» (古野茶).
- Ukuthi igama ngokwalo lavela nini futhi kanjani, akukho emithonjeni etholakele.
Igama: 香水 — «amanzi anephunga elimnandi», igama ledolobhana; 村 — idolobhana; 野茶 — «itiye lasendle». Ikhadi lethula ukukhiqiza njengoba «ukukhiqizwa kwendawo okukhethekile kwetiye lasendle» (当地特有的野生茶产业), kodwa alichazi ukuthi iqabunga liqoqwa kuziphi izitshalo — zasendle, ezizihlalela noma ezenani lendawo.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Ngaphandle kwefomula yentela yamaTusi, ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholakele.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa

Izinhlobo / I-Cultivar: Akushiwongo ngegama emithonjeni etholakele; imvelaphi yezitshalo, efihlwe ngemuva kwegama elithi «野», ayichazwanga.
Iqabunga: Ngokwekhadi — linesikhumba, liwugqinsi futhi linamanzi, likhulu, alisonteki kalula libe yintambo (叶片革质肥厚，个头大，不易揉捻成条索). Le yincazelo yezinto zokusetshenziswa, hhayi igama lohlobo.
Isikhathi nezinga lokuqoqa: Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholakele.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala

Isifunda: Intshonalanga yesifunda saseWufeng, umgqimba wezintaba zaseWuling (武陵山) — ngokwekhadi lophawu. Izintaba zaseWuling zibalwa nangencwadi ka-2025 mayelana nedolobha laseWufeng.
Ukuphakama, isimo sezulu, inhlabathi: Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholakele. Incazelo ethi «高山原生态» — ifomula yokukhangisa evela esimemezelweni sokusakaza; ayiniki ukuphakama okuqondile. Ikhadi liphawula nje ngendawo yemvelo enhle.
Ezolimo: Ngokwekhadi — isizinda esingaphezu kuka-1500 mu, ukuthengiswa kwaminyaka yonke okungaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-10 zamayuan, imodeli ethi «inkampani + umfelandawonye + isizinda». Ikhadi alisho unyaka walezi zibalo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza

Ikhadi lophawu lichaza inqubo kafushane; amazinga okushisa, isikhathi nomthamo awukho kulo.

Ukunwetshwa (摊放, tānfàng): Iqabunga eliqoqiwe libunwa isikhashana.
Ukugazinga ngesandla (手工炒制, shǒugōng chǎozhì): Iqabunga licutshungulwa ebhodweni ngesandla; ikhadi libiza lo msebenzi ngokuthi mncinane futhi unakekela.
Ukugazinga kathathu nokusonteka kathathu (三炒三揉, sān chǎo sān róu): Ukugazinga nokusonteka kuphindwa kathathu.

Ukomiswa nokuhlungwa akuchazwanga ngokuhlukile.

6. Izici Zokuzwa Ngokwezitho Zomzimba

Okuwukuphela kwencazelo — ikhadi lophawu.

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Iqabunga elikhulu eliwugqinsi, elingasontekanga kahle libe yintambo; itiye elomile ikakhulukazi liluhlaza okotshani omnyama (毛茶颜色多呈墨绿色).
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Ayikho incazelo ehlukile.
Iphunga lokuphuza: I-Chestnut, ejulile futhi ehlukile (栗香深沉而特异); ikhadi alicacisi ukuthi eliqabunga noma elokuphuza.
Ukunambitheka: Kubushelelezi, kuthambile futhi kuminyene (茶性滑柔而质重); ubukhali buncane kakhulu, ukuphuza kumnandi, nokubuya okumnandi okude nokuzinzile (口感刺激性很低，但水甜回甘长且稳定).
Umbala wokuphuza: Ayikho incazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Isizinda setiye (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe): Ayikho incazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Ikhadi lophawu linikeza «idatha yokuhlaziywa kwelabhorethri» ku-100 g yetiye elomile: i-extract encibilikayo emanzini engu-46.22%, i-polyphenol yetiye engu-26.76%, i-amino nitrogen engu-411.53 mg. Isixwayiso: izinombolo ezimbili zokuqala kuze kufike kumakhulu ziyafana nekhadi lehhovisi elifanayo lelinye itiye — iHongshan Cha (洪山茶) evela edolobheni laseYidu, lapho okuhlukile kuphela i-amino nitrogen. Ngakho-ke akunakuthathwa njengokulinganisa okuzimele; ikhadi alisho unyaka, ilabhorethri noma indlela.

8. Ukuphisa

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C.
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml.
Izitsha: Ingilazi ekhanyelayo noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza izitsha.
2. Faka itiye, uthele amanzi ngasodongeni.
3. Ukuphisa kokuqala — imizuzwana engu-40–60.
4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yokuphuza.
5. Thela amanzi futhi.
6. Ukuphisa okuphindwe kabili noma kathathu.

Azikho izincomo zomkhiqizi emithonjeni etholakele.

9. Ukugcinwa

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ukupakisha okuvalekile, ifriji ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga; kuphuzwe phakathi nonyaka.

10. Intengo Nemikhohlisi

Ayikho idatha ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

Ugwema kanjani imikhohlisi:
- Hlola uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo ekhonjwayo kanye nenombolo yophawu — № 21456038 ekupakisheni.
- Qhathanisa umkhiqizi nohlu lwabasebenzisi bophawu, olushicilelwa yihhovisi lezempahla yobuhlakani laseHubei.
- Khumbula ukuthi igama elithi «yasendle» egameni — liyingxenye yegama elivikelwe, hhayi ubufakazi bemvelaphi yeqabunga.
- Ikhadi lichaza ukubukeka nokunambitheka, kodwa izindlela zokuqinisekisa ubuqiniso ngazo azinikezwa emithonjeni.

11. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo

Izimpawu «五峰毛尖» kanye «五峰红茶» ngokohlu olufanayo ziphethwe yinhlangano yetiye yesifunda (五峰茶业协会); «香水村野茶» inomnikazi wayo — inhlangano yaseXiangshui.
Igama livikelwe uphawu lwezinga ledolobhana: egameni akubhalwanga isifunda noma intaba, kodwa idolobhana.
Izinombolo zefiziksi namakhemikhali zekhadi zifana kumakhulu nekhadi laseHongshan Cha elivela eYidu engumakhelwane — icala eliyivelakancane lapho ukufana kubonakala ngqo ezincazelweni ezisemthethweni.
Iqabunga eliwugqinsi elinesikhumba, ngokwamazwi ekhadi, alisonteki kahle, kanti inqubo ihlinzekela imijikelezo emithathu yokuthi «ukugazinga — ukusonteka».

12. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye

Caihua Maojian (采花毛尖): Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esifanayo saseWufeng; isimemezelo sika-2020 sibiza njengomkhiqizo ohlukile onesiqu «sohwebo oludala lwaseHubei».
Wufeng Maojian (五峰毛尖): Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda ngaphansi kwezimpawu zesitifiketi zenhlangano yetiye yesifunda.
Wufeng Hongcha (五峰红茶): Itiye elibomvu lesifunda esifanayo, nalo ngaphansi kophawu lwesitifiketi.
Hongshan Cha (洪山茶): Itiye lasemakhelwaneni waseYidu; amakhadi azo zombili izimpawu anikeza i-extract nama-polyphenols afanayo.

Ekuphetheni:

Xiangshuicun Yecha — igama ledolobhana elivela entshonalanga yeWufeng, elivikelwe uphawu lwesitifiketi kusukela ngo-2018. Irejista inikeza inombolo, umnikazi nesikhathi, ikhadi lophawu — ifomula yentela yamaTusi, ukugazinga ngesandla ebhodweni kathathu, iqabunga elikhulu elinesikhumba eliluhlaza okotshani omnyama, iphunga le-chestnut nokunambitheka okuthambile okumnandi. Ukuphakama, uhlobo, imvelaphi yezitshalo ngemuva kwegama elithi «yasendle» kanye nendawo eqondile yedolobhana akudalulwanga emithonjeni etholakele; kunganikezwa kuphela umbhalo wemithetho yokusebenzisa uphawu.

Imithombo

Inkomba yendawo

湖北省知识产权局地理标志证明/集体商标名录 №21456038

Uhlu oluphelele — ekhasini elithi Imithombo