Kāixiàn lóngzhū chá

I-Kaixian Longzhu Cha (Kāixiàn lóngzhū chá, 开县龙珠茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni lasesifundeni saseKaizhou (开州区) enyakatho-mpumalanga yeChongqing. Kuze kube ngu-2016 isifunda sasiyisifunda saseKaixian, futhi igama lophawu lilondoloze igama elidala. Imithombo yendawo ibiza idolobhana laseLongzhu (龙珠村) edolobheni laseDunhao (敦好镇) njengendawo yokuzalwa kwaleli tiye. Igama lisho ukuthi “iparele likadrako,” kodwa ngokwencazelo yophawu iqabunga aligoqwa libe amabhola, kodwa libe yimicu emincane, eyindilinga futhi eqondile enoboya obumhlophe. Igama livikelwa wuphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo olunombolo 7761280, kanti ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bufakwe ohlwini lwamagugu angaphatheki.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá). Umbhalo wophawu awulisho igama lesigaba; isiphetho senziwa ngencazelo yokubukeka encwadini yophawu: iqabunga eliluhlaza elinoboya obumhlophe, umuthi ophuzi ngobuluhlaza. Ubuchwepheshe abutholakali emithonjeni etholiwe.
Ugibe lwegama: «龙珠» (lóngzhū) — “iparele likadrako” — lapha akulona uhlobo lweqabunga. Amanye amatiye abizwa ngamabhola “longzhu,” isibonelo iMoli Longzhu (茉莉龙珠) yejasmin kanye neHong Longzhu (红龙珠) ebomvu. Itiye laseKaixian alihlangene nakho: igama lifana negama ledolobhana laseLongzhu, imithombo elibiza njengendawo yalo yokuzalwa. Incazelo eqondile yegama ayitholakali emithonjeni etholiwe.
Isigaba: Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni lasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeChongqing; uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo.
Imvelaphi: I-China, idolobha elingaphansi kukahulumeni omkhulu iChongqing (重庆, Chóngqìng), isifunda saseKaizhou (开州, Kāizhōu; kuze kube ngu-2016 — isifunda saseKaixian, 开县, Kāixiàn), idolobha laseDunhao.
Indawo yophawu: Ngokwencwadi yenkundla yezinkomba zezindawo — indawo yokuphatha yamanje yesifunda saseKaixian. Lena yincazelo ngencwadi hhayi umngcele womthetho; angizange ngiwuhlole.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholiwe.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Inganekwane yentela. UMnyango Wokuhlela Nezinsiza Zemvelo waseChongqing “kumephu yemisebenzi yetiye yamagugu angaphatheki aseChongqing” (2022) uthi ngesikhathi sikaTang nangesikaQing itiye laliyintela yasenkantolo. Imithombo yokuqala ayinikeziwe emephini.
- Umlando obhaliwe. Imephu efanayo icaphuna “Kuizhou fuzhi” (夔州府志) yeminyaka kaJiaqing (嘉庆) yobukhosi bakwaQing: «开县茶岭产茶，味绝佳，不生杂卉» — “emgqumeni wetiye wesifunda saseKaixian kutshalwa itiye, ukunambitheka kwalo kuhle kakhulu, ukhula olubi alukhuli lapho.” Umlando ngokwawo angizange ngiwubone.
- Uphawu. Uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo olunombolo 7761280 (umkhiqizo — itiye) lubhalwe ngaphansi kweNhlangano Yetiye “Longzhu” yesifunda saseKaixian (开县龙珠茶叶协会) ohlwini lweHhovisi Lezimpawu Zokuhweba lwango-2012. Unyaka wokubhaliswa awukho emithonjeni etholiwe.
- 2012–2013 — ukuhlolwa komsebenzi. Ngokushicilelwe okwaphinde kwashicilelwa yinkundla yamagugu angaphatheki, isifunda saqoqa ochwepheshe, sahlola umlando, ubuchwepheshe nabanikazi bomsebenzi, salungiselela imibhalo namavidiyo. Ubuchwepheshe bafakwa ohlwini lwesifunda lwamagugu angaphatheki futhi kwafakwa isicelo sohlwini lwedolobha.
- 2022. Ubuchwepheshe «开州龙珠茶制作技艺» bangena “emephini yemisebenzi yetiye” kanye nabanye abane kanye nemisebenzi yaseBanan, eYuyang, eChengkou naseQianjiang.
- 2024. Ukushicilelwa komkhandlu wabantu wesifunda (Disemba 2024) kuthi itiye lifakwe ohlwini lwedolobha lwamagugu angaphatheki; okufanayo kusho nombhalo wokuvakasha ngedolobha. Unyaka wokufakwa nenombolo yeqembu akukho emibhalweni engiyivulile.
- 2026. Ngokombiko weHhovisi Lezimpahla Zokuhlakanipha laseChongqing, inkampani yesifunda ithole ilungelo lokusebenzisa uphawu olukhethekile lwesifunda: isicelo sihlolwe isifunda nedolobha, savunywa yi-State Intellectual Property Office (CNIPA).
Igama: “Kaixian” (开县) — igama lakudala lesifunda; “longzhu” (龙珠) — “iparele likadrako,” igama ledolobhana; “cha” (茶) — itiye.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Ukushicilelwa kwango-2024 kuchaza indlela yetiye ngefomula yezinyathelo ezine: ngesikhathi sikaTang — “iphunga letiye eChang’an,” ngesikhathi sikaQing — “intela yasenkantolo,” ekuqaleni kwezinguquko — “itiye elidumile leThree Gorges,” namuhla — “umkhiqizo odumile wamagugu angaphatheki.”

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa

Uhlobo / I-Cultivar: Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholiwe.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa: Iqabunga elithambile — incazelo yophawu ikhuluma ngetiye elisha nelithambile. Izinga lokukha alikho emithonjeni etholiwe.
Isikhathi sokukha: Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholiwe.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala

Isifunda: Inyakatho yesifunda saseKaizhou, idolobha laseDunhao.
Ukuphakama kokutshala: Imephu yango-2022 ibiza cishe amamitha angu-800 edolobhaneni laseLongzhu, ukushicilelwa kwango-2024 — amamitha angu-800–1200.
Isimo sezulu: Ngokwemephu — inkungu unyaka wonke, izinkathi ezine ezicacile zonyaka, imvula eningi, umswakama ophezulu womoya kanye nelanga elilinganiselwe.
Umhlabathi: Kule ndawo ayikho imininingwane. Imephu ngamagama ajwayelekile ibiza izindawo zetiye zaseChongqing ubumba oluphuzi lwasentabeni, amatshe esihlabathi ansomi kanye nenhlabathi endala ebomvu; lokhu akuhlobene neDunhao.
Isilinganiso: Ukushicilelwa kwango-2024 kukhuluma ngezingadi ezintsha ezingu-5000 mu emadolobhaneni ayisishiyagalombili ahlanganisiwe nokwakhiwa kabusha kwezingu-5000 mu ezindala, ngomkhiqizo ongaphezu kwama-30 000 jin ngonyaka, ngemali engenayo eyizigidi eziyishumi zama-yuan kanye nenani lomkhiqizo eliyizigidi eziyikhulu zama-yuan. Lena yimininingwane yokushicilelwa, hhayi izibalo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza

Ubuchwepheshe beKaixian Longzhu Cha bufakwe ohlwini lwamagugu angaphatheki, kodwa izigaba zawo nemingcele ayikho emithonjeni etholiwe.

Ngezansi — uhlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye eliluhlaza eligoqwe ngokuqondile, hhayi incazelo yaleli tiye ngokwalo:

Ukwenza ubune (摊放, tānfàng): Iqabunga lendlalwa ngongqimba oluncane ukuze kususwe ingxenye yomswakama.
Ukuqinisa (杀青, shāqīng): Ukushisa kumisa ukukhipha umoya-mpilo futhi kulondoloze umbala oluhlaza.
Ukugoqa (揉捻, róuniǎn).
Ukuqondisa umucu (理条, lǐtiáo): Ukugoqa kudonswa kube umucu oqondile noyindilinga.
Ukomisa (干燥, gānzào).

6. Izici Zokuzwa

Incazelo engezansi ithathwe encwadini yophawu.

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Imicu emincane, eyindilinga, eqinile futhi eqondile, emihle; umbala uluhlaza, ucwebezela kamnandi; uboya obumhlophe bubonakala (条索细、圆、紧、直，紧结秀丽，色泽绿润，白毫披露).
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholiwe.
Iphunga lomuthi: Lihlanzekile, lizwakala ngokushesha (清香扑鼻).
Ukunambitheka: Kunoshukela futhi kumnandi, kukhiqiza amathe, ukunambitheka ngemva kokugwinya kude futhi kuthambile (滋味甘美生津，回味幽长).
Umbala womuthi: Uluhlaza ngobumnene futhi ukhanya (汤色嫩绿明亮).
Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe): Lisha futhi lithambile, amahlumela avuleka ephelele (叶底鲜嫩，枝叶伸展).

Incwadi ibuye igcizelele ukuthi itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuthelwa kaningi (耐冲泡).

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Ayikho imininingwane ye-physicochemical emithonjeni etholiwe.

8. Ukuphisa

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C.
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml.
Isitsha: Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza isitsha.
2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
3. Ukuphisa kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yokuphisa.
5. Thela amanzi futhi.
6. Ukuphisa okuphindwe kabili noma kathathu, futhi ngokwencwadi yophawu — nangaphezulu.

9. Ukugcina

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emphaketheni ovaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga. Umbala oluhlaza nephunga elisha kuhamba kuqala, ngakho itiye kungcono ukuliphuza phakathi nonyaka.

10. Intengo Namanga

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo emithonjeni etholiwe.

Ugwema kanjani amanga:
- Funani uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo olunombolo 7761280 kanye nelungelo lomkhiqizi lokulusebenzisa.
- Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni saseKaizhou.
- Iqabunga — imicu emincane eqondile eyindilinga enoboya obumhlophe, umuthi — uluhlaza ngobumnene.
- Ungaphambanisi namanye amatiye agoqwe abe amabhola “longzhu”: ngokwencazelo yophawu iqabunga letiye laseKaixian lingumucu oqondile.

11. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo

Isifunda saseKaixian asisekho kusukela ngo-2016 — manje sekuyisifunda saseKaizhou, kodwa uphawu lusabizwa ngokuthi «开县龙珠茶».
“Iparele likadrako” — igama ledolobhana, hhayi uhlobo: iqabunga laleli tiye liqondile.
Ukuncoma okubhaliwe kukhuluma ngendawo, hhayi ngeqabunga: umgqumeni wetiye, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu futhi akukho ukhula olubi olulodwa eduze.

12. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye AseChongqing

Yongchuan Xiu Ya (永川秀芽): Itiye eliluhlaza eliphambili laseChongqing elineqabunga eliqondile, elicijile kancane elifana nenaliti; kuKaixian Longzhu Cha umucu uyindilinga futhi unoboya obubonakalayo.
Banan Yin Zhen (巴南银针): Itiye eliluhlaza elifana nenaliti lesifunda saseBanan; umsebenzi waseBanan useMephini yamagugu etiye aseChongqing efanayo.
Nanchuan Dashu Cha (南川大树茶): Itiye lezihlahla zetiye zendawo zesifunda saseNanchuan eningizimu yedolobha — uhlangothi oluhlukile lweChongqing nohlobo oluhlukile lwezinto zokusetshenziswa.
Moli Longzhu (茉莉龙珠): Itiye lejasmin, eligoqwe libe amabhola, — ukuze kuqhathaniswe: igama elifanayo, amatiye ahlukile.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Kaixian Longzhu Cha itiye eliluhlaza elivela edolobhaneni lasezintabeni laseLongzhu enyakatho-mpumalanga yeChongqing, igama lalo elikhohlisayo: “iparele likadrako” lapha liyigama lendawo, kanti iqabunga ngokwalo ligoqwe libe yimicu emincane eqondile enoboya obumhlophe. Incwadi yophawu ichaza iphunga elihlanzekile, umuthi ophuzi ngobuluhlaza kanye nokunambitheka okunoshukela nokunambitheka okude ngemva kokugwinya, umlando waseKuizhou uncoma umgqumeni wetiye waseKaixian. Izinhlobo, ubuchwepheshe namakhemikhali awekho emibhalweni — kodwa kukhona uphawu oluvikela igama, nomsebenzi ohlwini lwamagugu.

Imithombo

Inkomba yendawo

CNIPA 地理标志证明商标 №7761280

Uhlu oluphelele — ekhasini elithi Imithombo