Rénhuái gōngfu hóngchá

I-Renhua Gongfu Hongcha (Rénhuái gōngfu hóngchá, 仁怀功夫红茶) itiye elibomvu lasesifundeni sasedolobheni i-Renhuai (仁怀市) esifundeni sase-Zunyi enyakatho yesifundazwe sase-Guizhou, emfuleni ophakathi i-Chishui (赤水河). I-Renhuai yaziwa njengendawo okwazalwa kuyo i-maotai, futhi idolobhana lase-Maotai (茅台镇) liphakathi kwendawo evikelwe yetiye. Igama libhaliswe njengophawu lwezolimo lwendawo loMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya: ngesimemezelo esinguNombolo 431 somhla ziyisi-4 kuNhlangulana 2026, eqoqweni lokuqala lonyaka, okwafakwa kulo imikhiqizo eyi-186. Indawo evikelwe ihlanganisa wonke amadolobhana angama-20, izigodi kanye nezingqimba zasemadolobheni zesifunda. Imithombo etholakele ayinikezi izinhlobo, ubuchwepheshe kanye nezincazelo zokubukeka.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu (红茶, hóngchá), elivutshelwe ngokuphelele. Igama leli lishiwo egameni elivikelwe; angizange ngilubone udokhumende olunezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe nokubukeka.
Mayelana nokubhalwa: Egameni kubhalwe u-«功夫», hhayi u-«工夫» ojwayelekile walolu hlobo lwetiye elibomvu; womabili amagama afundwa ngokuthi gōngfu. Igama libhalwe kanjalo esimemezelweni somnyango, naserejista. Ukuqhathanisa, i-Fujian Shaxian Gongfu Cha ibhalwa ngo-工夫.
Isigaba: Uphawu lwezolimo lwendawo loMnyango Wezolimo (农产品地理标志, nóngchǎnpǐn dìlǐ biāozhì), 2021, inombolo AGI03417.
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Guizhou (贵州, Guìzhōu), isifunda sasedolobheni i-Zunyi (遵义, Zūnyì), isifunda sasedolobheni i-Renhuai (仁怀, Rénhuái).
Indawo evikelwe: Ngokwesijobelelo sesimemezelo esinguNombolo 431 — amayunithi angama-20 esifunda kanye nemizana yokuphatha eyi-181 (imiphakathi): amadolobhana ase-Maotai (茅台镇), e-Sanhe (三合镇), e-Huoshi (火石镇), e-Hema (合马镇), e-Meijiuhe (美酒河镇), e-Daba (大坝镇), e-Xuekong (学孔镇), e-Gaodaping (高大坪镇), e-Xitou (喜头镇), e-Wuma (五马镇), e-Maoba (茅坝镇), e-Jiucang (九仓镇), e-Longjing (龙井镇), e-Changgang (长岗镇), isigodi sase-Houshan (后山乡) kanye nezingqimba zasemadolobheni i-Luban (鲁班), i-Tanchang (坛厂), i-Canglong (苍龙), i-Yanjin (盐津) kanye ne-Zhongshu (中枢). Uhulumeni wesifunda ubhala ukuthi e-Renhuai kunamadolobhana ayi-14, isigodi esisodwa kanye nezingqimba ezi-5 — okusho ukuthi indawo evikelwe ifana nayo yonke indawo yesifunda.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: 105°59′–106°35′ empumalanga, 27°33′–28°10′ enyakatho — ngokwesijobelelo esifanayo.

2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Imibhalo emidala. Umlando obhaliwe wetiye elibomvu lase-Renhuai awukho emithonjeni etholakele.
- 2021 — ukubhaliswa. Ngesimemezelo soMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya esinguNombolo 431 somhla ziyisi-4 kuNhlangulana 2026, imikhiqizo eyi-186, edlule ekuhlolweni kokuqala, ekuhlolweni kochwepheshe kanye nasekuxoxweni komphakathi, yathathwa njengevikelwe njengophawu lwezolimo lwendawo. I-Renhua Gongfu Hongcha isesijobelelweni ngaphansi kwenombolo 148. Umnikazi wesitifiketi — isiteshi sesevisi yezolimo ehlanganisiwe yase-Renhuai (仁怀市农业技术综合服务站). Inombolo yezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe zokulawula ikhwalithi — AGI2021-01-3417, inombolo kurejista yezinkomba — AGI03417.
- Ngemuva kuka-2022. Ngokwemininingwane yerejista, kusukela ngoNdasa 2022 uMnyango Wezolimo awusabhalisi izinkomba ezintsha zalolu hlobo, ngakho lokhu kungenye yezokubhaliswa kokugcina zohlelo. Ikhadi lerejista lango-2026 limaka uphawu njengolubhalisiwe; angizange ngikuhlole ukuba semthethweni kwamanje.
Igama: 仁怀 — igama lesifunda; 功夫 (gōngfu) — «ubuciko, umsebenzi owenziwe»; 红茶 — «itiye elibomvu».
Umongo wamasiko wendawo: Uhulumeni wase-Renhuai wethula isifunda njenge-«nhloko-dolobha yewayini yase-China» (中国酒都), futhi ekhasini lakhe lesifunda itiye alikhulunywa nakancane. Ethebuleni elifinyeziwe lezimpawu zendawo zase-Guizhou lango-2022, i-Renhuai imelwe kuphela uphawu lwe-«仁怀酱香酒» — olwe-baijiu enephunga le-sauce (emukelwe zingama-28 kuMfumfu 2013). Itiye livikelwe kolunye uhlelo — njengophawu lwezolimo lomnyango.

3. Incazelo yezitshalo nezinto zokusetshenziswa

Uhlobo / Cultivar: Alibizwanga emithonjeni etholakele.
Ukuvuna, izinga lokuvuna kanye nezidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa: Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

4. I-terroir nezici zokutshala

Isifunda: Inyakatho ye-Guizhou, umfula ophakathi i-Chishui. Ngokwesizindalwazi sikahulumeni wesifunda, indawo yase-Renhuai ingamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-1788, ukuphakama okuphakathi — amamitha angama-880 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Isimo sezulu: Kuyo futhi — izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi ngu-16.3 °C, «ebusika ngaphandle kwamaqhwa amakhulu, ehlobo ngaphandle kokushisa okukhulu» (冬无严寒、夏无酷暑). Imvula isayithi ayiyinikezi.
Ukuphakama kwezivande nomhlabathi: Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza

Isimemezelo somnyango asinazo izimfuneko zobuchwepheshe, futhi umbhalo wezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe AGI2021-01-3417 angizange ngiwubone. Ngezansi — uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba setiye elibomvu, hhayi incazelo yaleli tiye uqobo:

Ukubuna (萎凋, wěidiāo): Iqabunga elisha lilahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama bese lithamba.
Ukusonteka (揉捻, róuniǎn): Amaseli eqabunga ayaphuka, ubisi luphumela phezulu.
Ukuvutshelwa (发酵, fājiào): I-oxidation eyenza iqabunga nokusetshenziswa kuphinde kubebomvu.
Ukomiswa (干燥, gānzào): Kumisa i-oxidation futhi kulungise iphunga elimnandi.

Amapharamitha — izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ubude bokuvutshelwa — e-Renhua Gongfu Hongcha awakho emithonjeni etholakele.

6. Izici ze-organoleptic

Angizange ngiwuthole umbhalo onezincazelo zokubukeka; izincazelo kumawebhusayithi ezinkomba mayelana nemikhiqizo yendawo zikhuluma ngetiye elibomvu nje jikelele futhi azizange zifakwe esihlokweni.

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Iphunga lokusetshenziswa: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Ukunambitheka: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Umbala wokusetshenziswa: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Umshini wetiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe): Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

8. Ukwenza itiye

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye elibomvu.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90–95 °C.
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml.
Izitsha: I-gaiwan noma i-teapot yobumba.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza izitsha.
2. Beka itiye.
3. Thela amanzi bese ukhipha ukusetshenziswa kokuqala ngemuva kwemizuzwana eyi-10–15, uma kudingeka ugeze iqabunga.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala — cishe umzuzu.
5. Khipha konke, ungashiyi ukusetshenziswa eqabungeni.
6. Ukuphinda kathathu kuya kwezinhlanu, isikhathi ngasinye sibe side kancane.

9. Ukugcinwa

Umkhuba wesigaba. Endaweni eyomile emnyama ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, ekufakeni okuqinile okungabonakali, kude namaphunga nomswakama.

10. Intengo nokukhwabanisa

Imininingwane ngezintengo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

Uzivika kanjani ekukhohlisweni:
- Bheka uphawu lwezolimo lwendawo kanye negama elithi «仁怀功夫红茶».
- Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowase-Renhuai.
- Ungakudidi ne-Zunyi Hong Cha: leli elinye igama elivikelwe lesifunda esifanayo, kanti i-Renhuai ayikho endaweni yalo evikelwe.

11. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Indawo evikelwe yetiye ifana nayo yonke indawo yesifunda futhi ihlanganisa idolobhana lase-Maotai, elanikeza igama layo i-maotai.
Ethebuleni lesifundazwe lezimpawu zendawo, i-Renhuai inophawu olulodwa kuphela — olwe-baijiu; itiye lesifunda livikelwe ohlelweni loMnyango Wezolimo.
Esijobelelweni sesimemezelo esinguNombolo 431, umugqa ngenhla kukhona elinye itiye lase-Guizhou leqoqo elifanayo — i-八步茶 yesifunda sase-Wangmo.
Igama lingene kurejista ngaphansi konyaka ngaphambi kokuba uMnyango Wezolimo, ngokwemininingwane yerejista, uyeke ukufaka amagama amasha kuyo (uNdasa 2022).

12. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye abomvu

I-Zunyi Hong Cha (遵义红茶): Itiye elibomvu lesifunda esifanayo sase-Zunyi; indawo yalo — izifunda eziyisikhombisa ezisendaweni ephakathi e-Meitan, i-Renhuai ayikho phakathi kwazo.
I-Fanjingshan Hong Cha (梵净山红茶): Itiye elibomvu lesifunda sase-Tongren enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Guizhou.
I-Shaxian Gongfu Cha (沙县工夫茶): Itiye elibomvu lase-Fujian elinokubhalwa okujwayelekile kwe-工夫 egameni.
I-Tongshan Hongcha (通山红茶): Itiye elibomvu lesifundazwe sase-Hubei, nalo luwuphawu lwezolimo lwendawo; kulo kushicilelwe izimfuneko zokuvikela ezinezinhlobo, umhlabathi kanye nokuhleleka kokucubungula — i-Renhua Gongfu Hongcha ayinayo le mininingwane.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Renhua Gongfu Hongcha — itiye elibomvu le-«nhloko-dolobha yewayini» yase-China, elivikelwe kusukela ngo-2021 njengophawu lwezolimo lwendawo. Kuncane okwaziwayo, kodwa okuqinisekile: inombolo AGI03417, umnikazi — isiteshi sesifunda sesevisi yezolimo, indawo — sonke isifunda, amadolobhana angama-20, izigodi nezingqimba eduze nomfula i-Chishui, kuhlanganise ne-Maotai. Izinhlobo, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokubukeka akuchazwanga emibhalweni etholakele, ngakho mayelana nokunambitheka kwaleli tiye okwamanje kungakutshela kuphela inkomishi ngokwayo.

Imithombo

Inkomba yendawo

农业农村部/省级农产品地理标志登记

Uhlu oluphelele — ekhasini elithi Imithombo