Rénhuái gōngfu hóngchá

Renhuai Gongfu Hongcha (Rénhuái gōngfu hóngchá, 仁怀功夫红茶) ndi tiyi wofiira wa mzinda wa Renhuai (仁怀市) m’chigawo cha Zunyi kumpoto kwa chigawo cha Guizhou, m’chigawo chapakati cha mtsinje wa Chishui (赤水河). Renhuai amadziwika kuti ndi kwawo kwa maotai, ndipo tawuni ya Maotai (茅台镇) ili m’dera lachitetezo cha tiyi. Dzinali linalembetsedwa ngati chizindikiro chaulimi chachigawo cha Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Zinthu Zakumidzi: ndi chilengezo nambala 431 cha pa 4 June 2021, m’gulu loyamba la chaka chimenecho, momwe munali zinthu 186. Dera lachitetezo limakhudza matauni onse 20, midzi ndi matauni a m’derali. Mitundu ya masamba, ukadaulo ndi mafotokozedwe a maonekedwe sizinaperekedwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi

Mtundu: Tiyi wofiira (红茶, hóngchá), wothira nthawi yayitali. Kalasiyi yatchulidwa m’dzina lotetezedwa; sindinaone chikalata chofotokoza ukadaulo ndi maonekedwe.
Za kalembedwe: M’dzinali muli mawu oti «功夫», osati «工夫» omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pa tiyi wofiira wamtunduwu; mawu onsewa amawerengedwa gōngfu. Umu ndi momwe dzinali lalembedwera mu chilengezo cha unduna, komanso m’kaundula. Poyerekeza, Shaxian Gongfu Cha wa ku Fujian amalembedwa kudzera mu 工夫.
Gulu: Chizindikiro chaulimi chachigawo cha Unduna wa Zaulimi (农产品地理标志, nóngchǎnpǐn dìlǐ biāozhì), 2021, nambala AGI03417.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Guizhou (贵州, Guìzhōu), mzinda wa Zunyi (遵义, Zūnyì), mzinda wa Renhuai (仁怀, Rénhuái).
Dera lachitetezo: Malinga ndi zowonjezera pa chilengezo nambala 431, pali magawo 20 a m’derali ndi midzi yoyang’anira 181: matauni a Maotai (茅台镇), Sanhe (三合镇), Huoshi (火石镇), Hema (合马镇), Meijiuhe (美酒河镇), Daba (大坝镇), Xuekong (学孔镇), Gaodaping (高大坪镇), Xitou (喜头镇), Wuma (五马镇), Maoba (茅坝镇), Jiucang (九仓镇), Longjing (龙井镇), Changgang (长岗镇), mzinda wa Houshan (后山乡) ndi matauni a Luban (鲁班), Tanchang (坛厂), Canglong (苍龙), Yanjin (盐津) ndi Zhongshu (中枢). Boma la m’derali limalemba kuti ku Renhuai kuli matauni 14, midzi 1 ndi matauni 5, kutanthauza kuti dera lachitetezo limafanana ndi dera lonse la m’derali.
Malo a dera lachitetezo: 105°59′–106°35′ E, 27°33′–28°10′ N, malinga ndi zowonjezera zomwezo.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe

Mbiri:
- Zolemba zakale. Palibe mbiri yolembedwa ya tiyi wofiira wa Renhuai m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.
- 2021 ndi kulembetsa. Ndi chilengezo cha Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Zinthu Zakumidzi nambala 431 cha pa 4 June 2021, zinthu 186 zomwe zinadutsa kuyang’aniridwa koyamba, kufufuzidwa ndi kukambirana pagulu, zinatengedwa pansi pa chitetezo ngati zizindikiro zaulimi zachigawo. Renhuai Gongfu Hongcha ili pachidziwitso pansi pa nambala 148. Mwini satifiketi ndi siteshoni ya utumiki waulimi wa Renhuai (仁怀市农业技术综合服务站). Nambala ya zofunikira za kayendetsedwe ka ubwino ndi AGI2021-01-3417, nambala yolembedwa m’kaundula ndi AGI03417.
- Kuyambira 2022. Malinga ndi kaundula, kuyambira March 2022 Unduna wa Zaulimi sunalembetsenso zizindikiro zatsopano zamtunduwu, choncho iyi ndi imodzi mwa zolembera zomaliza za dongosololi. Khadi la kaundula la 2026 limalemba kuti chizindikirocho chinalembedwa; sindinayang’anenso ngati chikugwirabe ntchito.
Dzina: 仁怀 ndi dzina la m’derali; 功夫 (gōngfu) ndi «luso, ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito»; 红茶 ndi «tiyi wofiira».
Chikhalidwe cha malo: Boma la Renhuai limafotokoza m’derali ngati «likulu la vinyo la China» (中国酒都), ndipo patsamba lake lonena za m’derali, tiyi sakutchulidwa n’komwe. M’ndandanda wa zizindikiro zamalonda zamtundu wa Guizhou wa 2022, Renhuai ikuimiridwa kokha ndi chizindikiro cha «仁怀酱香酒» cha mowa wa soya (chovomerezedwa pa 28 October 2013). Tiyi amatetezedwa m’dongosolo lina, monga chizindikiro chaulimi cha unduna.

3. Kufotokozera kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira

Mtundu wa masamba: Sunatchulidwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.
Kututa, muyezo wa kututa ndi zofunikira pa zopangira: Palibe chidziwitso m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.

4. Malo ndi Zochitika za Kulima

Dera: Kumpoto kwa Guizhou, m’chigawo chapakati cha mtsinje wa Chishui. Malinga ndi tsamba la boma la m’derali, dera la Renhuai ndi 1788 km², kutalika kwapakati ndi 880 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Nyengo: Momwemonso, kutentha kwapachaka ndi 16.3 °C, «m’nyengo yozizira popanda chisanu chachikulu, m’chilimwe popanda kutentha kotheratu» (冬无严寒、夏无酷暑). Mvula satchulidwe pa tsambali.
Kutalika kwa minda ndi dothi: Palibe chidziwitso m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga

Chilengezo cha unduna sichikhala ndi zofunikira za ukadaulo, ndipo sindinawone zolemba za zofunikira za AGI2021-01-3417. Pansipa pali ndondomeko ya mtundu wa tiyi wofiira, osati kufotokozera tiyi amene uyu:

Kufowoketsa (萎凋, wěidiāo): Masamba atsopano amachotsa chinyezi ndi kukhala ofewa.
Kupukuta (揉捻, róuniǎn): Maselo a masamba amasweka, madzi amatuluka pamwamba.
Kuthira (发酵, fājiào): Kutsekemera kumapangitsa masamba ndi madzi kukhala ofiira.
Kuyanika (干燥, gānzào): Kuletsa kutsekemera ndi kulimbitsa fungo.

Magawo a kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kutalika kwa kuthira kwa Renhuai Gongfu Hongcha palibe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.

6. Makhalidwe a Kumva

Sindinapeze chikalata chofotokoza maonekedwe; mafotokozedwe pamasamba ofotokoza zinthu zakumaloko amangonena za tiyi wofiira mwachisawawa ndipo sanalowe m’nkhaniyi.

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Palibe mafotokozedwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.
Fungo la masamba owuma: Palibe mafotokozedwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.
Fungo la madzi: Palibe mafotokozedwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.
Kukoma: Palibe mafotokozedwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.
Mtundu wa madzi: Palibe mafotokozedwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.
Masamba otenthedwa: Palibe mafotokozedwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.

7. Zomwe Zili mu Thupi

Palibe chidziwitso cha mankhwala m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.

8. Kuthira

Mchitidwe wa mtundu wa tiyi wofiira.

Kutentha kwa madzi: 90–95 °C.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml.
Chida: Gaiwan kapena kapu ya porcelain.
Ndondomeko:
1. Tenthetsa chida.
2. Ikani tiyi.
3. Thirani madzi ndikutsanulira madzi oyamba pakatha masekondi 10–15, ngati mukufuna kutsuka masamba.
4. Kuthira koyamba ndi pafupifupi mphindi imodzi.
5. Tsanulirani zonse, osasiya madzi pa masamba.
6. Bwerezani kuthira katatu kapena kasanu, nthawi iliyonse motalikirapo pang’ono.

9. Kusunga

Mchitidwe wa mtundu. Pamalo ouma amdima pa kutentha kwa chipinda, m’chidebe cholimba chosawonekera, kutali ndi fungo ndi chinyezi.

10. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga

Palibe chidziwitso cha mitengo m’zolemba zomwe tapeza.

Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:
- Yang’anani chizindikiro chaulimi chachigawo ndi dzina «仁怀功夫红茶».
- Onetsetsani kuti wopanga ndi wochokera ku Renhuai.
- Osasokoneza ndi Zunyi Hong Cha: ili ndi dzina lina lotetezedwa la chigawo chomwecho, ndipo Renhuai sali m’dera lake lachitetezo.

11. Zochititsa Chidwi

Dera lachitetezo cha tiyi limafanana ndi dera lonse la m’derali ndipo limaphatikizapo tawuni ya Maotai, yomwe inapereka dzina ku maotai.
M’ndandanda wazizindikiro zamalonda zamtundu wa Renhuai pali chizindikiro chimodzi chokha cha mowa; tiyi wa m’derali amatetezedwa m’dongosolo la Unduna wa Zaulimi.
Pachidziwitso cha chilengezo nambala 431, pamwamba pake pali tiyi wina wa ku Guizhou wa gulu lomwelo, 八步茶 wa mzinda wa Wangmo.
Dzinali linalowa m’kaundula patatsala pang’ono kuti Unduna wa Zaulimi, malinga ndi kaundula, uleke kulembetsa mayina atsopano (March 2022).

12. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina Wofiira

Zunyi Hong Cha (遵义红茶): Tiyi wofiira wa chigawo chomwecho cha Zunyi; dera lake ndi mizinda isanu ndi iwiri yomwe ili ndi likulu ku Meitan, ndipo Renhuai sali m’gululi.
Fanjingshan Hong Cha (梵净山红茶): Tiyi wofiira wa chigawo cha Tongren kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa Guizhou.
Shaxian Gongfu Cha (沙县工夫茶): Tiyi wofiira wa Fujian wokhala ndi kalembedwe kofala ka 工夫 m’dzina.
Tongshan Hongcha (通山红茶): Tiyi wofiira wa chigawo cha Hubei, chizindikiro chaulimi chachigawo; kwa iye panali zofunikira zotetezedwa ndi mitundu, dothi ndi ndondomeko ya kuthira, koma kwa Renhuai Gongfu Hongcha palibe chidziwitso chotero.

Pomaliza:

Renhuai Gongfu Hongcha ndi tiyi wofiira wa «likulu la vinyo la China», wotetezedwa kuyambira 2021 monga chizindikiro chaulimi chachigawo. Zodziwika ndi zochepa koma zotsimikizika: nambala AGI03417, mwini ndi siteshoni ya utumiki waulimi ya m’derali, dera ndi m’derali lonse, matauni 20, midzi ndi matauni m’mphepete mwa Chishui, kuphatikizapo Maotai. Mitundu, ukadaulo ndi maonekedwe sizinafotokozedwe m’zolemba zomwe tapeza, choncho za kukoma kwa tiyi uyu pakadali pano zinganenedwe kokha ndi kapu yokha.

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