Sōngbǎi chángqīng chá

I-Songbai Changqing Cha (Sōngbǎi chángqīng chá, 松柏長青茶) yi-oolong yase-Songbailing Plateau (松柏嶺, Sōngbǎilǐng) esifundeni sase-Mingjian, esifundeni sase-Nantou, e-Taiwan. Ngokwephephabhuku lase-Taiwan lango-1990, igama lanikezwa ngemva kokuhlolwa kwendawo ngo-January 1975 ukuze kudunyiswe itiye lendawo, futhi ngemva kwalokho lona lalisetshenziselwa lonke itiye elenziwe e-Songbailing; ngaphambilini lalisaziwa ngokuthi “埔中茶”. Ngakho-ke, ngaleli phephabhuku, leli yigama lendawo, hhayi uhlobo lwesihlahla noma uphawu lwentengiso oluhlukile. Indawo ngokwayo ichazwe kahle ezincwadini zomnyango: ithafa elinenhlabathi ebomvu, lapho kukhula khona i-Jin Xuan, i-Cui Yu, i-oolong ne-Si Ji Chun. Ngetiye ngokwalo, imithombo ikhuluma kancane: imephu yobuchwepheshe ayikho, uphawu lwemvelaphi yegama alukho ohlwini olutholakele, futhi okuwukuphela kwencazelo yokunambitheka etholakele ingeyango-1990.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: I-Oolong tea (烏龍茶, wūlóngchá). Iphephabhuku i-Xiāngjiān xiǎolù (1990), umbhalo walo owafundwa yi-Taiwan Tea Improvement Station (台灣省茶業改良場), likhuluma nge-oolong yesifunda sase-Songbailing. Izinga le-oxidation kanye nokugazingwa akuchaziwe emithonjeni etholakele.
Isimo seqabunga: Izincazelo ziyehluka. Iphephabhuku lika-1990 libiza iqabunga ngokuthi eligoqekile (曲捲, qūjuǎn); emkhakheni wetiye okhuluma isi-Russian lalibizwa ngokuthi elinye “lama-semi-spherical baozhong” (半球形包種茶, bànqiúxíng bāozhǒng chá). Ngokwe-athikili yesisebenzi sesiteshi setiye sase-Taiwan embikweni womnyango wezolimo (2012), i-semi-spherical baozhong iyi-oolong ngomqondo obanzi, futhi ekuhlukanisweni kwemibala eyisithupha “itiye eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka” (青茶, qīngchá). Ekuhlukanisweni kwamanje kwesiteshi (2024), ama-oolong ayindilinga ahlukaniswa ngama-oolong anephunga elilula (清香型球形烏龍茶, qīngxiāngxíng qiúxíng wūlóngchá) kanye nephunga eligazingiwe (焙香型球形烏龍茶, bèixiāngxíng qiúxíng wūlóngchá); ukuthi i-Songbai Changqing Cha ingeyiliphi iqembu akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele.
Isigaba: I-oolong yase-Taiwan ephansi (ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, cishe amamitha angu-500); ngaleli phephabhuku, yigama lalo lonke itiye lesifunda, okusho ukuthi yigama lesifunda, hhayi uhlobo noma uphawu lwentengiso oluhlukile.
Imvelaphi: I-Taiwan (臺灣, Táiwān), i-Nantou County (南投縣, Nántóu xiàn), i-Mingjian Township (名間鄉, Míngjiān xiāng), i-Songbailing Plateau. Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, lesi sifunda sisemaphethelweni aseningizimu e-Baguashan Range (八卦山脈, Bāguà shānmài).
Uphawu lwemvelaphi: Alukho ohlwini olutholakele. Ohlwini lomnyango wezolimo lwango-2014 lwezimpawu zokufakazela imvelaphi yama-13 ase-Taiwan (產地證明標章, chǎndì zhèngmíng biāozhāng) leli gama alikho, futhi ohlwini lwe-Taiwan Intellectual Property Office lwango-August 2026 abanikazi bezimpawu zetiye abukho umkhandlu wase-Mingjian Township.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Aziwona anikezwe emthonjeni. Ucwaningo lwesayensi lwango-2025 lukhawulela indawo yalo, okuyizindawo eziphansi zase-Mingjian (0–500 m), lapho ababhali bakhetha khona izingadi eziyisishiyagalombili, ngezixhumanisi 23°50′25″–23°52′39″ N no-120°37′34″–120°39′24″ E; ukuthi lokhu kuyafana nendawo yase-Songbailing, ucwaningo alukusho.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Ukuqala kokutshalwa kwetiye. Izinsuku ziyahlukahluka. Iphephabhuku lika-1990 lithi esifundeni sase-Songbailing itiye lenziwe “iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili”, okusho ukuthi cishe kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Iphephabhuku i-Yuǎnjiàn (2018) lilandisa umlando wetiye lale ndawo kusukela ngasekupheleni kwenkathi ye-Qing, lapho umndeni wakwa-Wang wase-Anxi (安溪王氏家族) waletha izinhlobo ze-oolong ezivela ezwenikazi.
- Amagama angaphambili. Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, itiye lalesi sifunda lalibizwa ngokuthi “Puzhong Cha” (埔中茶, Pǔzhōng chá), ngoba indawo endala yayibizwa ngokuthi i-Puzhong (埔中). I-Yuǎnjiàn ibiza amagama amabili angaphambili, “埔中茶” kanye ne-”Songbaikeng Cha” (松柏坑茶, Sōngbǎikēng chá), futhi ithi ngawo itiye lalisaziwa kulo lonke elase-Taiwan.
- U-January 1975. Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, u-Chiang Ching-kuo (蔣經國, Jiǎng Jīngguó), ngaleso sikhathi ongumengameli we-Executive Yuan, futhi kamuva ongumongameli, wayehlola i-Songbailing, wabuza ngokukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwetiye, futhi walalela umbiko womphathi wesifunda u-Liu Yuyou (劉裕猷, Liú Yùyóu): i-oolong yendawo yayinhle kodwa yayingaziwa kakhulu. Ukuze kwakhe isithunzi etiyeni lendawo, kwakudingeka igama elikhethekile nelimele, futhi itiye lanikezwa igama elithi “松柏長青茶”. Iphephabhuku libiza u-Liu Yuyou ngokuthi “owayengumphathi wesifunda”, okwakunjalo ngo-1990; ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, waphatha isifunda sase-Nantou kusukela ngo-1973 kuya ku-1981, okusho ukuthi ngo-1975 wayengumphathi osebenzayo.
- Enye inguqulo. I-Yuǎnjiàn (2018) ibhala ngokuhlukile: ngo-1975 u-Chiang Ching-kuo wayeze e-Mingjian izikhathi ezintathu, wanambitha “松柏坑茶”, walincoma kakhulu, futhi waliqamba ngokuthi “松柏長青茶”. Emkhakheni wetiye okhuluma isi-Russian kwakunenguqulo yesithathu, yokuthi igama lanikezwa ngu-Chiang Kai-shek; imithombo yesiShayina etholakele ayikuqinisekisi lokhu futhi ibiza u-Chiang Ching-kuo.
- Uhlelo lwesifundazwe. Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, ngemva kokunikezwa kwegama, ukwaziwa kwetiye kwakhula ngokushesha, futhi uhulumeni wesifundazwe walusekela “ngohlelo lokuvuselela itiye i-Songbai Changqing” (松柏長青茶振興計劃). Iminyaka nokuqukethwe kohlelo akwaziwa.
- Iminyaka yawo-1980 kuya kowe-1990. Ngokwe-Yuǎnjiàn (2018), ngesikhathi sokukhula kweziphuzo zetiye ezisemathinini, i-Songbailing yayingumhlinzeki omkhulu wamaqabunga emikhiqizweni emibili yetiye elisemathinini.
- Iminyaka ka-2005–2007. Ngokombiko womnyango wezolimo “農政與農情” (2014), ngasekupheleni kuka-2005 “松柏長青” kanye namanye amagama adumile ezindawo zetiye zase-Taiwan abhaliswa e-China njengezimpawu zentengiso ngabantu besithathu. I-Council of Agriculture yase-Taiwan yafaka isicelo e-China sokuthi zihoxiswe, futhi ngo-2007 kwahoxiswa izimpawu ezine ezinjalo: i-Alishan (阿里山, Ālǐshān), i-Riyuetan (日月潭, Rìyuètán), i-Lishan (梨山, Líshān) kanye ne-Wushe zhi chun (霧社之春, Wùshè zhī chūn). “松柏長青” ayizange ibalulwe phakathi kwazo; ukuthi indaba yalolu phawu yaphela kanjani, umbiko awusho.
- Unyaka ka-2018. Ngokwe-Yuǎnjiàn, owayengumphathi wesifunda wakhumbula ukuthi eminyakeni emihle indawo yetiye yase-Mingjian yayifinyelela kumahektha angu-2700, kanti izimboni zetiye zazingaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Ngo-2018 iphephabhuku libiza cishe amahektha angu-2004 kanye nezimboni ezingaba ngu-70 ezisebenzela amanethiwekhi eziphuzo zetiye, futhi lichaza indawo ngokwayo njengesizinda esikhulu se-Si Ji Chun e-Taiwan. Ngokwephephabhuku, abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi kwabahlali bendawo abacishe babe ngu-38,000 baphila ngetiye. Omunye wabakhiqizi bendawo watshela iphephabhuku ukuthi “le ntaba” (i-Songbailing) inikeza amanethiwekhi eziphuzo ezisanda kwenziwa cishe amathani angu-4000 e-Si Ji Chun ngonyaka.
Igama:
- Umbhalo. 松柏長青茶 ngama-hanzi endabuko, njengoba kunjalo emithonjeni yase-Taiwan; umbiko ka-2014 uveza ifomu elifushane elithi “松柏長青” phakathi kwamagama adumile ezindawo zetiye zase-Taiwan (著名產茶地名, zhùmíng chǎnchá dìmíng).
- Incazelo. 松柏 (sōngbǎi) kusho “uphayini ne-cypress”, futhi lokhu futhi kuyisiqalo samagama endawo i-Songbailing (松柏嶺) ne-Songbaikeng (松柏坑); 長青 (chángqīng) kusho “ohlala eluhlaza”; 茶 (chá) kusho “itiye”. Ukuthi kungani kukhethwe leli gama, imithombo ayichazi: iphephabhuku lika-1990 lithi kuphela ukuthi igama kwakufanele libe likhethekile futhi limele.
- Indlela yokubiza. Kusichazamazwi se-Taiwan Ministry of Education i-重編國語辭典修訂本, igama elithi 松柏 linikezwa ngokubiza kwezincwadi sōng bó; uhlamvu 柏 lunokubiza kwangempela bǎi, okwamukelwa nasezwenikazi. Ifomu lesi-Russian elithi “Sungbai” lilandela ukubiza kwe-bǎi. I-pinyin enethoni yegama letiye ngokwalo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
- Amanye amafomu. Emkhakheni wetiye okhuluma isi-Russian kukhona “Sun Bai Zhang Qing Cha” kanye nencazelo echazayo “oolong kaphayini ne-cypress”. Ukubiza “zhang” ku-長 lapha kuyiphutha: egameni elithi 長青 lolu hlamvu lubizwa ngokuthi cháng.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Igama kusukela ekuqaleni laliyithuluzi lokuduma: ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, lanikezwa ukuze kwakhiwe isithunzi setiye lase-Songbailing, futhi ngemva kwalokho udumo lwetiye, ngokwamazwi ephephabhuku, lwasabalala kulo lonke elase-Taiwan nangale kwayo. Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu kamuva lase limi eceleni kwe-Alishan, i-Riyuetan ne-Lishan: umbiko ka-2014 ubeka “松柏長青” emagameni adumile ezindawo zetiye zezwe, okwathi ngasekupheleni kuka-2005 abantu besithathu bawabhalisa njengezimpawu zentengiso e-China.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa

Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar: Ngokombiko we-”農政與農情” (2012), izinhlobo eziyinhloko zendawo yase-Songbailing yi-Jin Xuan (金萱, Jīnxuān), i-Cui Yu (翠玉, Cuìyù), i-oolong (烏龍, wūlóng) kanye ne-Si Ji Chun (四季春, Sìjìchūn). Ukuthi itiye elithile elingaphansi kwaleli gama lenziwe ngaluphi uhlobo, imithombo ayicacisi; ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, leli gama lalihlanganisa lonke itiye lendawo.
Uhlobo olugcwele: Owayengumphathi wesifunda, ngokwe-Yuǎnjiàn (2018), ukhumbula ukuthi ngaphambili lapha kwakutshalwa i-oolong kanye ne-”Wuyi” (武夷茶, Wǔyí chá), futhi kamuva izingxenye eziyisishiyagalolunye kweziyishumi (九成) zashintshela e-Si Ji Chun; ukuthi lokhu kusho isabelo sezindawo noma samafemu, akushiwongo. Ababhali bocwaningo lwango-2025 nabo babhala ukuthi ezindaweni eziphansi zase-Mingjian i-Si Ji Chun igcwele kakhulu.
Ukuvuna: Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, amaqabunga amancane (幼嫩茶菁) endaweni ayevunwa ngemishini. I-Yuǎnjiàn (2018), ngokwamazwi kawayengumphathi wesifunda, ibhala ukuthi i-Si Ji Chun lapha ingavunwa izikhathi eziyisithupha ngonyaka. Izinkathi nezinyanga zokuvuna ze-Songbai Changqing Cha azichazwanga emithonjeni etholakele.
Indinganiso yokuvuna: Ukuthi kuthathwa amaqabunga amangaki neziqongo, akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele; iphephabhuku lika-1990 likhuluma kuphela ngamaqabunga amancane.
Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa: Azichazwanga emithonjeni etholakele.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala

Isifunda: Ngokombiko ka-2012, ukwakheka komhlaba okukhethekile kwethafa (台地, táidì), isimo sezulu nenhlabathi ebomvu kwakha indawo efaneleka kakhulu yetiye lapha, futhi izingadi ziminyene kakhulu. Iphephabhuku lika-1990 lichaza indawo njengemithambeka emaphethelweni aseningizimu e-Baguashan Range.
Indawo: Ubudlelwano bamagama i-Songbailing ne-Songbaikeng (松柏坑, Sōngbǎikēng) emithonjeni abucacile. I-Wikipedia yesiShayina esihlokweni ngedolobha inikeza i-Songbaikeng igama lesibili “松柏嶺”, futhi esihlokweni nge-Songbaikeng ngokwayo ikhuluma ngomgwaqo “kusuka e-松柏嶺 kuya e-松柏坑”, okusho ukuthi iyehlukanisa njengezindawo ezihlukene. Kuyo futhi kuthiwa indawo yendabuko yase-Songbaikeng ihlanganisa izingxenye zezigodi zanamuhla i-Songshan (松山村), i-Songbai (松柏村), i-Puzhong (埔中村) ne-Tanliao (炭寮村). Imingcele eqondile yendawo yokutshala ayichazwanga emithonjeni etholakele.
Ukuphakama kokutshala: Cishe amamitha angu-500, ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990. Ucwaningo lwango-2025 lubeka izingadi zase-Mingjian endaweni ephansi engamamitha angu-0–500. Ukuphakama okuyinhloko kwendawo akukho emithonjeni etholakele.
Isimo sezulu: Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, indawo isemafwini nasenkungwini usuku lonke futhi kupholile, izimo, ngokwamazwi ephephabhuku, ezifaneleka kakhulu isihlahla setiye. Imininingwane yesimo sezulu ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ebomvu (紅色土壤), ngokombiko ka-2012. Ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi akukho emithonjeni etholakele.
Isilinganiso: Izilinganiso ziphathelene nezindawo neminyaka ehlukene, futhi azikwazi ukuhlanganiswa ngenombolo eyodwa:
- umbiko ka-2012: i-Songbailing ingeyesikhundla sokuqala ezweni ngokukhiqizwa kwetiye, futhi ithatha ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yendawo yetiye yase-Taiwan kanye nama-40% etiye layo;
- umbiko ka-2014: i-Nantou County ngo-2013 yayikhiqiza ama-49% (wendawo noma wokukhiqizwa, umbiko awucacisi), kanti i-Mingjian ibizwa ngokuthi esinye sezifunda zayo zetiye eziyisishiyagalombili;
- i-Yuǎnjiàn (2018): i-Nantou County ikhiqiza ama-64% etiye lase-Taiwan, i-Mingjian ikhiqiza ama-46,5% etiye lesifunda.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza

Imephu yobuchwepheshe ye-Songbai Changqing Cha ayikho emithonjeni etholakele. Iphephabhuku lika-1990 lisho okuncane: amaqabunga amancane ayevunwa ngemishini, futhi itiye lalenziwa “ngendlela yendabuko yasendulo” (傳統式的古法焙製); ukuthi yiziphi izigaba ezifakiwe nokuthi kukhona yini ukugazingwa okuhlukile, iphephabhuku alicacisi. Izihloko zezithombe ephephabhukwini zibonisa ukubuna elangeni, ukucubungula kwendabuko ngesandla kanye nokuvuna ngomshini. Imibuso, ubude besikhathi, izinga le-oxidation, imithombo ayikunikezi.

Ngokwento yokufunda ye-Taiwan tea station (2024), ubuchwepheshe be-Dong Ding Oolong (凍頂烏龍, Dòngdǐng wūlóng), obuvela e-Lugu Township (鹿谷鄉, Lùgǔ xiāng), basakazekela nase-Mingjian. Ukuthi lokhu kusho ukuthini nge-Songbai Changqing Cha, into ayikusho.

Ngezansi kunesakhiwo esijwayelekile, esijwayelekile kuma-oolong amaningi ase-Taiwan agoqekile; ngale tiye asihloliwe:

Ukubuna elangeni (日光萎凋, rìguāng wěidiāo): Iqabunga lilahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama, i-oxidation iyaqala.
Ukuphumula nokunyakazisa iqabunga endlini (浪菁, làngqīng): Imiphetho yeqabunga iyaxubana, kuvela iphunga.
Ukulungisa (殺菁, shāqīng): Ukufudumeza kumisa i-oxidation.
Ukugoqa (揉捻, róuniǎn): Iqabunga liyagoqwa ukuze kukhishwe ubisi ebusweni.
Ukubumba ngendwangu (團揉, tuánróu): Ukugoqa kaninginingi ngendwangu kunikeza iqabunga isimo esigoqekile esiqinile.
Ukomisa nokugazinga (焙火, bèihuǒ): Ukujula kokugazingwa kunquma ukuthi itiye eliqediwe lihlukaniswa kanjani, kwelephunga elilula noma elephunga eligazingiwe.

6. Izici Zokunambitheka

Okuwukuphela kwencazelo etholakele yiphephabhuku lika-1990. Alinayo indlela yokunambitha, futhi izinhlobo zendawo zihlukile, ngakho le ncazelo akufanele ithathwe njengencazelo yesitayela. Izincazelo zesimanje azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, ligoqekile (曲捲), linombala omncane oluhlaza wemvelo.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Iphunga lotshwala: Ayikho incazelo ehlukile; iphunga lezimbali ze-narcissus iphephabhuku lika-1990 likhuluma ngalo njengengxenye yokunambitheka (bona ngezansi).
Ukunambitheka: Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, kunamanothi obisi kanye nephunga lezimbali ze-narcissus (牛乳加水仙花香的滋味). Azikho ezinye izincazelo zokunambitheka emithonjeni etholakele.
Umbala wotshwala: Ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, kusuka kokusagolide kuya kokunsundu (金黃色到褐色之間).
Isizinda setiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe): Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical ye-Songbai Changqing Cha, ama-polyphenol, i-caffeine, ama-amino acid, izinto ezikhishwayo, ayikho emithonjeni etholakele. Njengakuma-oolong amaningi, otshwaleni kukhona ama-polyphenol (ama-catechin, ingxenye yawo okuthi ngesikhathi se-oxidation engaphelele iguquke ibe yimikhiqizo enemibala), i-caffeine nama-amino acid, kuhlanganise ne-theanine; lokhu kuyincazelo evamile yesigaba, ngale tiye akukaliwe. Njengoba, ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, ngaphansi kwaleli gama kwakudayiswa lonke itiye lendawo, futhi izinhlobo ziningi lapho, akulindelekile nokuthi kube nephrofayili yamakhemikhali efanayo.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe yomphumela wale tiye ngokwayo. Imibono evamile ngezinzuzo zama-oolong ayikahlolwa nge-Songbai Changqing Cha futhi ayinikezwa lapha.

9. Ukuphisa

Izincomo eziphathelene ngqo ne-Songbai Changqing Cha azikho emithonjeni etholakele. Ngezansi kunomkhuba ojwayelekile kuma-oolong amaningi ase-Taiwan agoqekile; ngale tiye awuhloliwe.

Izinga lokushisa kwamanzi: 95–100 °C, njengakuma-oolong amaningi agoqekile.
Inani letiye: 5–7 g ngamamililitha angu-150 amanzi.
Isitsha: I-gaiwan (蓋碗, gàiwǎn) noma i-teapot encane yobumba: esitsheni esiminyene, iqabunga eligoqekile liyakwazi ukuvuleka emvuthwandeni eminingana.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza isitsha ngamanzi abilayo.
2. Thela itiye.
3. Geza iqabunga kafushane ngamanzi ashisayo bese uyawachitha.
4. Ukuphisa kokuqala cishe imizuzwana engu-50.
5. Thela konke otshwaleni ku-chahai (茶海, cháhǎi) bese ukuthela ezinkomishini.
6. Phinda ukuphisa, ungeze imizuzwana engu-10–15 njalo; i-oolong egoqekile ngokuvamile imelana nokuphisa okuningana.

Indlela yokushintsha ukuphisa kuye ngohlobo nangezinga lokugazingwa, imithombo ngale tiye ayikuchazi.

10. Ukugcinwa

Izimo zokugcina ze-Songbai Changqing Cha imithombo etholakele ayizichazi. Njengakuma-oolong amaningi ase-Taiwan, itiye ligcinwa ekupakisheni okuvalekile, endaweni eyomile emnyama epholile, kude namaphunga angaphandle; iphakethe elivuliwe kungcono ukuthi liqedwe phakathi namasonto ambalwa. Lokhu kungumkhuba ojwayelekile wesigaba, hhayi imfuneko yale tiye.

11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa

Izibalo zemakethe nezintengo zokudayisa azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:
- Uphawu lwemvelaphi ongalufuna ekupakisheni alukho kulolu hlobo lwegama ezinhlelweni ezitholakele, ngokungafani ne-Nantoushi Qingshan Cha engumakhelwane.
- Igama elithi “松柏長青” ngasekupheleni kuka-2005 labhaliswa e-China njengophawu lwentengiso ngabantu besithathu, futhi ukuthi indaba yalolu phawu yaphela kanjani, umbiko ka-2014 awusho; ngakho-ke, ngokombono wabahleli, igama ngokwalo ekupakisheni okuvela e-China enkulu alifakazeli imvelaphi yase-Taiwan.
- Hlola indawo ekhonjisiwe: i-Mingjian Township e-Nantou County, isifunda sase-Songbailing.
- Khumbula ukuthi i-Songbai Changqing Cha yigama lendawo, hhayi lohlobo: ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, ngaphansi kwalo kwakudayiswa lonke itiye lendawo, futhi izinhlobo ziningi lapho, ngakho-ke igama ngokwalo alisho uhlobo.
- Izimpawu zokunambitheka ezihlukanisa le tiye kwamanye ama-oolong aphansi ase-Nantou azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo

Igama lanikezwa indawo, hhayi uhlobo noma ifemu: ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, ngemva kuka-1975 lalisetshenziselwa lonke itiye lase-Songbailing.
Igama elithi 埔中 elivela egameni langaphambili letiye lisaphila egameni ledolobhana i-Puzhong (埔中村): ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, indawo yendabuko yase-Songbaikeng ihlanganisa nengxenye yalo.
Ngokwe-Yuǎnjiàn (2018), ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kuya kowe-1990 ukuvela e-Songbailing kwakuphuma amaqabunga emikhiqizweni emibili yetiye elisemathinini, futhi ngo-2018 iphephabhuku lalichaza indawo njengomthombo omkhulu we-Si Ji Chun wamanethiwekhi eziphuzo zetiye.
Ohlwini lwamagama adumile ezindawo zetiye zase-Taiwan, okwathi ngasekupheleni kuka-2005 abantu besithathu bawabhalisa njengezimpawu zentengiso e-China, “松柏長青” limi eceleni kwe-Shanlinxi (杉林溪, Shānlínxī), i-Meishan (梅山, Méishān) kanye ne-Xitou (溪頭, Xītóu).

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye ama-oolong ase-Taiwan

I-Nantoushi Qingshan Cha (南投市青山茶, Nántóushì Qīngshān chá): I-oolong ephansi engumakhelwane yase-Baguashan Range efanayo, kodwa enophawu lwemvelaphi oluphethwe ngumkhandlu wedolobha lase-Nantou.
I-Si Ji Chun (四季春, Sìjìchūn): Uhlobo manje olugcwele e-Mingjian; i-Songbai Changqing Cha yigama lendawo, hhayi lohlobo.
I-Cui Yu (翠玉, Cuìyù) kanye ne-Jin Xuan (金萱, Jīnxuān): Izinhlobo ezikhula e-Songbailing Plateau, ngokombiko ka-2012.
I-Dong Ding Oolong (凍頂烏龍, Dòngdǐng wūlóng): I-oolong yase-Lugu Township esifundeni esifanayo, enophawu lwemvelaphi; ubuchwepheshe bayo, ngokwento yesiteshi setiye sango-2024, basakazekela nase-Mingjian.
I-Wenshan Baozhong (文山包種茶, Wénshān bāozhǒng chá): Esinye isifunda, inyakatho ye-Taiwan, nohlobo oluhlukile lweqabunga: ingeyama-baozhong amise okomugqa anephunga elilula (清香型條形包種茶, qīngxiāngxíng tiáoxíng bāozhǒng chá), kanti i-Songbai Changqing Cha ineqabunga eligoqekile, ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990. Ngokombiko ka-2012, i-baozhong emise okomugqa ne-semi-spherical yizinhlobo ezahlukene zetiye lase-Taiwan, nakuba zombili zingama-oolong ngomqondo obanzi.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Songbai Changqing Cha yigama, ngokwephephabhuku lika-1990, elanikezwa ngo-1975 kulo lonke i-oolong yase-Songbailing Plateau e-Mingjian Township, esinye sezifunda zetiye eziyinhloko zase-Taiwan. Ngemuva kwalo akukho uhlobo noma uphawu lwemvelaphi, kodwa indawo: inhlabathi ebomvu yethafa, izinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko kanye nomlando omude, lapho itiye lendawo lalibizwa ngokuthi ngezinye izikhathi “埔中茶”, ngezinye “松柏坑茶”.

Imithombo ichaza kahle indawo futhi icishe ingasho lutho ngetiye ngokwalo: umlando wegama waziwa ngemibhalo yamaphephabhuku, futhi okuwukuphela kwencazelo yokunambitheka, ubisi ne-narcissus otshwaleni obusagolide bunsundu, yenziwa ngo-1990. Kulabo abafunda ama-oolong ase-Taiwan, leli tiye lithakazelisa njengesibonelo segama elanikezwa indawo yonke, hhayi uhlobo noma ifemu elithile, futhi njengesizathu sokuhlukanisa ekupakisheni indawo, uhlobo kanye nophawu lwentengiso.

Imithombo

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