fānxiè yè

Masamba a senna ndi zinthu za chomera zomwe mu malonda a Chirasha nthawi zambiri amalembedwa kuti “tiyi,” ngakhale kuti alibe ubale ndi chá 茶 kaya mwa zinthu, kaya mwa luso lopanga, kaya mwa dongosolo la magulu. Nkhaniyi si yofotokoza za senna, koma ndi malangizo a mkonzi a malire: kumene mu dongosolo la Chitchaina tiyi amathera, chifukwa chake 番泻叶 salowamo, ndi chimene chimakhaladi m’gawo la tiyi wamaluwa.

Chigamulo mwachidule

THE TEA ndi nkhokwe ya chidziwitso ya tiyi wa Chitchaina, ndipo za 番泻叶 tilibe kanthu mwapadera. Chifukwa chake n’chovomerezeka ndi chotsimikizirika: gulu la tiyi wa Chitchaina limachokera ku tsamba la tiyi, osati ku “chimene chimathiridwa madzi otentha.” Sitifotokoza za mphamvu za senna, sitipereka malangizo a kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake, ndipo sitipereka miyezo yake, chifukwa mfundo zotere sizikupezeka m’mabuku athu a chidziwitso cha tiyi, ndipo mkonzi sudzapeka manambala a miyezo, madera, ndi “miyambo.” Pansipa pali momwe malire amenewa amapangidwira, chifukwa ndiwo amene ali phindu lenileni la funsoli.

Gulu lachisanu ndi chiwiri: 再加工茶 ndi mfundo zake

Dongosolo la Chitchaina limadziwa magulu asanu ndi limodzi a tiyi, ndipo payokha papulumuka 再加工茶 zàijiāgōng chá, tiyi wokonzedwanso, gulu lachisanu ndi chiwiri kunja kwa asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira. Awa ndiwo “nyumba” yovomerezeka ya tiyi onunkhiritsidwa: mmenemo mumakhala 花茶 huāchá, tiyi wamaluwa.

Mfundo yaikulu imene nthawi zambiri imatayika m’matanthauzidwe: 花茶 si madzi a maluwa okha. Uwu ndi tiyi amene anapitirira kununkhiritsidwa ndi duwa. Wotsogola wa gululi ndi 茉莉花茶 mòlì huāchá, tiyi wa jasmini, amene udindo wake watsimikizirika pa mlingo wa zikalata za boma ndi m’mwambo wa maphunziro; za iwo amati “窨得茉莉无上味,” ndipo mbiri yake imafotokozedwa ndi mawu akuti 鲜灵浓醇 xiān líng nóng chún: kutsitsimuka, “kukhala ndi moyo,” kukhuthala, kufewa kolemekezeka.

Kutanthauza kuti 再加工茶 si chidebe chotaya zonse zomwe zimathiridwa madzi otentha. Ili ndi gulu lokhala ndi chofunika cholowera.

茶坯: kulowa kokha ndi maziko a tiyi

Chofunikachi chimatchedwa 茶坯 chápī, maziko a tiyi, omwe amanunkhiritsidwa. Nthawi zambiri 茶坯 ya 花茶 ndi 烘青绿茶 hōngqīng lǜchá, tiyi wobiriwira wouma pa moto; amapezekanso maziko ofiira, a ulong, ndi oyera.

Kuchokera pamenepa pamabwera kufufuza kosavuta komwe kumakwanira nthawi zambiri pa milandu yotsutsana.

1. Kodi m’chinthucho muli tsamba la tiyi monga maziko?
2. Kodi tsambali linapitirira kununkhiritsidwa ndi duwa, njira yotchedwa 窨 yìn, yomwe pa mitundu yapamwamba imachitika mobwerezabwereza?

Masamba a senna sadutsa gawo loyamba kapena lachiwiri. Izi si tsamba la chomera cha tiyi, alibe 茶坯, alibe njira ya 窨, alibe sukulu ya chigawo ya kununkhiritsa, alibe mawonekedwe (“ngale,” singano, zinthu zomangidwa ndi manja) ndipo alibe malo mu mzere uliwonse wa tebulo la mitundu ya 花茶. Chifukwa chake alibenso mbiri ya kukoma imene tingathe kufotokoza m’mawu a tiyi, kutanthauza kuti palibe mutu wa nkhani.

Milandu yamalire: momwe mkonzi amawerengera 菊花 ndi 菊普

Kuwona malire bwino kumachitika pamene alidi osamveka, ndipo mu tebulo lathu logwirira ntchito mizere yotere imakhala ndi chenjezo.

菊花茶 júhuā chá, chrysanthemum. M’chinenero cha tsiku ndi tsiku ndi “tiyi,” mwalamulo si: 菊花 yokha si tsamba la tiyi. Mzerewu wayikidwa ndi chizindikiro “chamalire,” mbendera ya anthu (C), kugwirizana kwa chigawo ndi 黄山 ndi 杭白菊 háng bái jú. Kutanthauza kuti chinthucho chilipo m’chikhalidwe, koma sichidutsa chofunika cholowera m’gulu.

菊普 jú pǔ ndi duwa lomwelo, koma tsopano wosakaniza ndi shu-puer: kuphatikiza ndi 普洱熟 pǔ’ěr shú. Apa maziko a tiyi alipo, choncho chinthucho chimalowa m’maso mwa nkhokwe ya chidziwitso, monga mawonekedwe osakaniza, osati achikale.

Kusiyana pakati pa milandu iwiriyi ndiko mzere womwewo. Chrysanthemum yokha si tiyi; chrysanthemum ndi puer ndi tiyi wokhala ndi chowonjezera. Masamba a senna sapereka mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri: nawo mu mwambo wa tiyi wa Chitchaina palibe mawonekedwe ovomerezeka a 花茶, kapena kusakaniza kodziwika ndi maziko a tiyi komwe tingakambirane potengera magwero.

Chimene chimakhaladi m’gulu la 花茶

Kuti funso lisakhale lopanda yankho lofunikira, tipereka mapu a gululi.

Mtundu	汉字	Duwa	茶坯	Chigawo	Mbiri
Jasmini	茉莉花茶	茉莉, la petalo limodzi ndi awiri	烘青绿茶 (maziko akulu)	福州, 横县, 苏州, 广西	nambala wani m’gulu; 鲜灵浓醇
Mitundu yapamwamba ya jasmini	茉莉龙珠 / 银针 / 大白毫	茉莉	maziko a masamba obiriwira okhala ndi ubweya wambiri	福州, 横县	”ngale” zopindidwa ndi singano, 窨 mobwerezabwereza
Osmanthus	桂花茶	金桂 / 银桂 / 丹桂	yobiriwira, ulong, yofiira	桂林, 咸宁, 苏州	桂花乌龙, 桂花红; kukoma kotsekemera kwa apurikoti
Rozi	玫瑰花茶	wofiira wamaluwa ambiri, 平阴	makamaka yofiira, kawirikawiri yobiriwira	平阴 (山东), 广东	玫瑰红茶; kukoma kwamaluwa ndi kotsekemera
Magnolia	白兰花茶	白兰 (广州)	烘青绿茶	广州, 苏州	wolemera, wotchipa kuposa jasmini
Chloranthus	珠兰花茶	珠兰 (金粟兰)	烘青绿茶	歙县 (徽州), 福州	wofewa; mzere wakale wa Huizhou
Daidai	玳玳花茶	玳玳花 (lalanje wowawa)	烘青绿茶	江浙	wokoma wa citrus ndi wowawa
Pomelo	柚子花茶	柚子花	烘青绿茶	福建, 广东	wosowa kwambiri
Craft blooming	工艺花茶 / 开花茶	maluwa owuma kuphatikiza masamba a tiyi obiriwira	duwa limodzi lokha	黄山, 金华	kumangidwa ndi manja, “kutuluka” mu kapu, chokongoletsera

Mzere uliwonse wa izi uli ndi zomwe senna alibe: duwa, maziko a tiyi, chigawo, ndi luso lopanga. M’ndandanda wa maluwa onunkhiritsa muli jasmini, osmanthus, rozi, magnolia yoyera, chloranthus, daidai, duwa la pomelo, kuphatikiza chrysanthemum wamalire; senna mulibe.

Miyezo: chimene timatsimikizira ndi chimene sitimatsimikizira

Njira yathu yofufuzira ya 花茶 imagwirizana ndi zikalata za boma ndi mabuku a maphunziro, kuchokera pamenepa mabendera O (zovomerezeka, miyezo) ndi A (maphunziro, mbiri) pa tiyi wa jasmini, A pa 珠兰花茶, M (msika) pa mitundu yapamwamba ya jasmini, osmanthus, rozi ndi zinthu “zotuluka,” V (wogulitsa) pa magnolia, C (anthu) pa daidai, pomelo ndi chrysanthemum.

Za 番泻叶 kugwirizana kotere kulibe m’mabuku a chidziwitso cha tiyi, ndipo sikuti ndi choperewera cha nkhokwe ya chidziwitso, koma ndi chifukwa chakuti nkhaniyi si ya mutu wathu. Chifukwa chake sitipereka kwa senna manambala a miyezo, madera a chiyambi, mitundu, ndi masiku: kulongosola kulikonse kotere kukanakhala kosatsimikizirika.

Momwe mungasiyanitsira 花茶 ndi madzi a zitsamba

Tsamba louma. Mu 花茶 yeniyeni maziko ndi tsamba la tiyi lodziwika kapena duwa: lopindidwa, lokhala ndi ubweya, lokhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira kapena wakuda malinga ndi 茶坯. Kununkhira kumaperekedwa kudzera mu 窨, kutanthauza kudzera mu kununkhiritsa ndi duwa, osati kungowonjezera masamba a maluwa owoneka. Ngati m’paketiyo mulibe tsamba la tiyi nkomwe, zomwe muli nazo si 花茶.

Chizindikiro cha luso. Funsani za chiwerengero cha kuzungulira kwa 窨: pa mitundu yapamwamba (龙珠, 银针, 大白毫) kununkhiritsa mobwerezabwereza ndi kofunikira. Kwa zitsamba zongosonkhanitsidwa palibe chinthu chotere nkomwe.

Mawu ogwiritsira ntchito. Mbiri ya 花茶 imafotokozedwa ndi mawu a tiyi: 鲜灵, kukhala ndi moyo kwa kununkhira, 浓, kukhuthala, 醇, kukwana kofewa. Madzi amene sangathe kufotokozedwa ndi magulu amenewa mwachionekere ali kunja kwa gululi.

Kuthira madzi otentha. Popeza maziko nthawi zambiri ndi 烘青绿茶, tiyi wa jasmini n’zomveka kuwongolera monga tiyi wobiriwira, osati monga ulong kapena puer, maziko omwe amayika chimango. Kwa zitsamba zosakaniza kulibe kugwirizana kotere ndi luso la tiyi.

Kumene mungapite patsogolo

Ngati funso linakufikitsani ku 番泻叶 mwangozi, ndipo mumafuna tiyi wamaluwa, yambani ndi 茉莉花茶, mtundu wokhawo m’gulu wokhala ndi mabendera awiri O+A, kutanthauza kuti watsimikiziridwa ndi miyezo komanso ndi mbiri. Kuchokera pamenepo n’zomveka kupita ku 桂花茶 (osmanthus pa maziko obiriwira, a ulong, kapena ofiira) ndi ku 珠兰花茶, mzere wachete, wakale wa Huizhou. Maziko a tiyi onsewa amafotokozedwa payokha, m’nkhani ya 花茶坯.

Senna amakhalabe kunja kwa gawo la tiyi, ndipo ichi ndi chokhacho cholondola chimene nkhokwe ya chidziwitso ya tiyi wa Chitchaina inganene za iye.

the teas described here are available from teamotea