jǐnyā chá

Itiye elicindezelwe 紧压茶 (jǐnyā chá) akulona uhlobo noma ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula iqabunga, kodwa indlela yokulipakisha kokugcina: impahla eluhlaza esiqediwe iyashiswa ngesitimu futhi icindezelwe ibe umzimba ozinzile wejometri ethile. Etiyeni le-puer (普洱茶, pǔ’ěr chá) isimo singesinye sezimbazo eziyinhloko zokuhlela, ngokulingana nohlobo (生茶 / 熟茶), indawo yokutshala, ubudala besihlahla kanye nokuguga. Ngokusemthethweni ukucindezelwa kuchazwa ngokuthi 蒸压 (zhēngyā) — «ukushisa ngesitimu bese kucindezela».

Ngokohlangothi lwemithetho kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngokushesha izinto ezintathu ezihlukene. Ukucindezelwa njengenqubo yokukhiqiza kuchazwe emthethweni ojwayelekile we-GB/T 24615-2009 《紧压茶生产加工技术规范》 — lezi izidingo zobuchwepheshe zokukhiqizwa kwetiye elicindezelwe jikelele; awuchazi uhlobo lwetiye futhi ekuhlelweni kwethu kwamazinga ungaphansi kongqimba olusizayo, lwereferensi. I-puer ngokwayo ilawulwa yizinga elihlukile le-GB/T 22111-2008 (umkhiqizo onesibonakaliso sendawo). Izimo ezithile ezicindezelwe zichazwe ochungechungeni lwe-GB/T 9833: i-tocha — GB/T 9833.5, 紧茶 — GB/T 9833.6. Okusho ukuthi «izinga le-puer elicindezelwe» akulona idokhumenti eyodwa, kodwa ukuhlangana kweminingana.

Ngokomsebenzi lokhu kusho ukuthi: amatiye amabili anempahla eluhlaza efanayo, yonyaka owodwa kanye nemboni eyodwa, kodwa esimweni esihlukile, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi azohluka ukunambitheka. Hhayi ngoba isimo «sengeza» okuthile kuso, kodwa ngoba sibeka ukuminyana, futhi ukuminyana kungukufinyelela komoya eqabungeni.

Itiye elixegayo ngokumelene nelicindezelwe

Kolunye uhlangothi lwe-eksisi kukhona 散茶 (sǎnchá) — itiye elixegayo. Esimele i-sheng lokhu kungu-晒青毛茶 (shàiqīng máochá), impahla eluhlaza eyomiswe elangeni, eshiywe ingacindezelwanga; esimele i-shu — ukuxega okuvutshiwe, kuhlanganise nezigaba zeqabunga elincane 宫廷熟散 (gōngtíng shúsǎn).

Izici zetiye elixegayo:

• indawo enkulu kunazo zonke yokuthintana nomoya, umswakama kanye namaphunga endawo yokugcina;
• ukuvuthwa kuhamba ngokushesha, kodwa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke inqwaba — azikho izingqimba «zangaphakathi» nezinzima;
• iqabunga aliphuki ngesikhathi sokucindezela, ngakho-ke kulula ukwahlulela ukuphelela kwalo nezinga laso;
• lithatha indawo eningi, liphuka kalula lapho lithuthwa, limunca kalula iphunga langaphandle.

Kolunye uhlangothi — umzimba ocindezelwe oqinile, lapho umoya ufinyelela maphakathi kancane futhi ngokungaqondile. Konke okuchazwe ngezansi — lokhu kuyizindlela zokuvumelana phakathi kwalezi zindawo ezimbili ezikude.

Kungani kucindezelwa nhlobo

Isizathu sokuqala singokomlando futhi sihileleke ekuthuthweni kwempahla. Itiye lase-Yunnan amakhulu eminyaka lalisuka esifundeni ngezinqwaba zikanokusho 茶马古道 (chámǎ gǔdào) — «umzila wetiye nehhashi». Iqabunga elixegayo kulolu hlobo lwezokuthutha alinangqondo: linomthamo omkhulu, liyaphuka, liyashwabana, liyamanzi. Umzimba ocindezelwe ugcina isimo, kulula ukuwubala, ukuwuhlanganisa izinqwaba, ukuwuthwesa ehhashini noma umnyuzi, kanti ukugoqwa ngephepha neqabunga lika-bamboo kuvikela ekulimaleni okungokomshini. Kusukela lapha kwakhula namayunithi okubala: ukuthuthwa kwezinqwaba kwakudinga hhayi «amakhilogremu amangaki», kodwa «izindawo ezingaki».

Isizathu sesibili — ukubala. Umkhiqizo omisiwe ngobuningi bawo ulungele ukuhweba, ukukhokhiswa intela kanye neresiphi yemboni. Isibonelo sakudala — 七子饼 (qīzǐbǐng), «ibhuluku lamadodana ayisikhombisa»: ubunzima bebhuluku elilodwa bungu-357 g, amabhuluku ayisikhombisa enqwabeni anikeza ama-2499 g, okungukuthi cishe 2.5 kg. Yile sethi ngqo — 7 × 357 g — eyaba yindinganiso yemakethe yokucindezela, lapho cishe wonke uhla lwamabhuluku lwanamuhla lubalwa khona.

Isizathu sesithathu savela kamuva futhi sesihlobene nesiko lokugcina. Umgomo 越陈越香 (yuè chén yuè xiāng) — «okudala, kunephunga elimnandi kakhudlwana» — uthatha ukuvuthwa kweminyaka eminingi. Umzimba oqinile unikeza le nqubo amandla okuzimela: itiye lishintsha kancane, kodwa ngokuzinzile, lincike kancane ekushintsheni okufushane komswakama, alimunci kangako amaphunga angaphandle. Ukucindezelwa, ekuqaleni okwasungulelwa ukuthuthwa, kwaba yindlela elula yokugcina isikhathi eside.

Izimo ze-canonical

Isimo	I-Hieroglyph, i-pinyin	Ijometri	Okwaziwayo ngobunzima ezintweni zethu
Ibhuluku	饼 (bǐng)	idiski eyisicaba, ngokuvamile enomgodi ngemuva	七子饼 — 357 g; amabhuluku angu-7 ≈ 2.5 kg (2499 g)
Isitini	砖 (zhuān)	iparalelipiped elingunxande	ububanzi obujwayelekile 250–1000 g; isibonelo seresiphi — 7581 熟砖
I-tocha	沱 (tuó)	isitsha, «isidleke», i-hemisphere enomgodi	ububanzi obujwayelekile 100–250 g; i-甲沱 ngokomlando cishe 100 g; izinhlobo — 下关沱, 销法沱
Isikwele	方砖 (fāngzhuān)	isitini esiyisicaba esiyisikwele	ezintweni zethu ubunzima obujwayelekile abubhaliwe
Ithanga / ibhola	金瓜 (jīnguā), 团 (tuán)	umzimba oyindilinga onezimbambo noma ngaphandle kwazo	ezintweni zethu ubunzima obujwayelekile abubhaliwe; okomlando 人头贡茶
Iparele	龙珠 (lóngzhū)	ibhola elincane lokuphisa okukodwa	~5–8 g
Okuxegayo	散茶 (sǎnchá)	ngaphandle kwesimo	—

Ububanzi buthebula amanani emakethe ajwayelekile avela ezintweni zethu, hhayi imingcele yokulawula: ukukhishwa okuthile kungaphuma kulawa.

饼 — ibhuluku

Isimo esivame kakhulu kanye nezinga lemboni de-facto. Ngobunzima obungu-357 g ezintweni zethu kukhona izincazelo ezimbili ezihlala ndawonye, futhi aziphikisani.

Okokuthuthwa: ubunzima bebhuluku bumiswe ngaphansi kokupakishwa kwenqwaba nendawo yokugcina — amabhuluku ayisikhombisa enqwabeni anikeza ama-2499 g, cishe 2.5 kg, okulungele kokubili umthwalo nokubalwa.

Okomfanekiso nokomlando-weight: inombolo yesikhombisa ihlotshaniswa nesifiso «inzalo eningi» (多子多孙), kusukela lapha negama ngokwalo «ibhuluku lamadodana ayisikhombisa»; esikweni lamaBuddha isikhombisa sifundwa njengokuphelela, futhi 7 × 7 = 49 lian wenqwaba kunikeza elinye «isikhombisa». Ubunzima uqobo 357 g — kungu-7 lian ngohlelo oludala lwesisindo (i-lian cishe 51 g). Okungukuthi ukuthuthwa nokomfanekiso lapha kubekwe phezu komunye nomunye, futhi asikho isizathu sokumemezela enye yezinguqulo njengamanga.

Idiski ilula ngoba inendawo enkulu enobukhulu obulinganiselwe: itiye liphefumula ngokushesha kunesitini sobunzima obufanayo, kodwa kancane kunokuxega.

Ibhuluku line-anisotropy yangaphakathi: maphakathi ngokuvamile kuminyene, umphetho mncane futhi uxegile, kanti ngemuva kuhlala umgodi ophawulekayo wesikhwama lapho iqabunga lashiswa khona ngesitimu futhi laqiniswa. Lokhu kubalulekile ekugqashuleni nasekuqondeni ukuthi ibhuluku liguga kanjani (bheka ngezansi).

砖 — isitini

Isitini yisimo sokuminyana okukhulu nomthamo omncane. Sithwala kangcono ukuthuthwa, sipakishwa ngokuqinile, futhi yingakho izitini ngokwesiko zazithatha indawo yetiye eliningi, «elisebenzayo». Ubunzima obujwayelekile okuqoshwe ezintweni zethu — kusuka ku-250 kuya ku-1000 g. Emarisepthini asembonini kulesi simo yaziwa kabanzi i-7581 — isitini se-shu somugqa wase-Kunming.

Ngaphakathi kwesitini ukufinyelela komoya maphakathi kuncane kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza ukuguga kube kancane kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izimo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kube «okuhlukaniseke kakhulu»: umehluko phakathi kongqimba lwangaphandle nomnyombo uzwakala kakhulu kunasebhulukwini.

沱 — i-tocha

沱茶 (tuóchá) — umzimba osesimweni sesitsha noma isidleke senyoni: idome eliqhumile ngaphandle, umgodi ngaphakathi. Le geometri iwumzamo wokuthola ukuhlangana kwesitini ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa indawo yendawo: umgaphakathi usebenza njengohlangothi olwengeziwe «oluphefumulayo». Ubunzima obujwayelekile be-tocha ezintweni zethu — 100–250 g. Isimo sichazwe idokhumenti ehlukile yochungechunge lwamatiye acindezelwe — GB/T 9833.5.

Ngokomlando i-tocha ihlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa e 下关 (Xiàguān); emigqeni eyaziwayo izinto zethu zibiza i-下关沱 esigabeni se-甲沱 (jiǎtuó) — «isidleke» esihlangene ngokomlando cishe 100 g — kanye ne-销法沱 (xiāofǎtuó), i-tocha eyayikhishelwa ukuthunyelwa e-France.

I-tocha ngokuvamile icindezelwa iqine, kanti idome lapho igqashulwa livame ukuqhekeka ngamapuleti amakhulu — lokhu kuyisici sesimo, hhayi isici esingalungile.

方砖 — isikwele

Isitini esiyisicaba esiyisikwele, ngokuvamile esincane, esivame ukuba nama-hieroglyph aqoshwe ngaphambili. Ngokunengqondo sisondele ebhulukwini kunesitini esikhulu: ubukhulu buncane, indawo inkulu. Empeleni i-方砖 iyisimo sokuphisa nesipho; ubunzima obujwayelekile baso izinto zethu azibhali, futhi asikwazi ukuqinisekisa amanani athile.

金瓜 / 团 — ithanga nebhola

团茶 (tuánchá) — umzimba oyindilinga ocindezelwe; i-金瓜 («ithanga legolide») inguhlobo lwawo olunezimbambo, ezifana nezicubu zethanga. Isimo sinesimo esisobala somcimbi, sokwethula: ngokomlando sihlotshaniswa ne-贡茶 (gòngchá), itiye lesigodlo, kuhlanganise ne-legendary 人头贡茶 (réntóu gòngchá) — «amathanga» osayizi omkhulu. Ubunzima obujwayelekile balesi simo ezintweni zethu abukho. Ibhola libi kakhulu kuzo zonke izimo ekugqashulweni nasekugcinweni ezimeni zasekhaya: linesilinganiso esincane kakhulu sendawo nomthamo ngobunzima obukhulu, okungukuthi ukuvuthwa okunensa kakhulu nokungalingani kakhulu.

龙珠 — iparele

Ibhola elincane, elicindezelwe ngokuhlosiwe kokuphisa okukodwa, cishe 5–8 g, ngokuvamile lisongelwe ngakunye. Lesi isimo sesimanje, esiphendula isidingo sasekhaya: ukungagqashuli lutho nokungakali. Inani lokukhokhela ukunethezeka — ingxenye ephezulu yempahla eluhlaza esebenza «ngaphezulu»: ibhola lobunzima obunjalo cishe alinawo umnyombo ovikelwe emoyeni, ngakho-ke ngokwesimo sokuguga i-龙珠 isondele ekuxekeni kune-bhuluku.

Ukuminyana nokuvuthwa

Ukhiye kuyo yonke i-eksisi yesimo ulula: isimo sibeka ijometri, ijometri ibeka ukufinyelela komoya, futhi ukufinyelela komoya kubeka ijubane le-post-fermentation. Ngakho-ke, ngokulingana konke, umugqa ngejubane lokuvuthwa ubukeka kanje: okuxegayo namaparele — ngokushesha kakhulu, ibhuluku nesikwele — ngokulinganiselwe, i-tocha — kancane, isitini nethanga elikhulu — kancane kakhulu.

Kulokhu kulandela imibono embalwa esebenzayo.

Umphetho webhuluku uguga ngokushesha kunaphakathi. Ingxenye engaphandle yediski mncane futhi ixegile, ithintana nomoya ezinhlangothini ezimbili ezicaba kanye nasemphethweni, kuyilapho indawo emaphakathi, eqiniswe ngesikhathi sokuqiniswa kwesikhwama, iphefumula kabi. Kusuka lapha isithombe esijwayelekile emabhulukwini eneminyaka emaphakathi: izingcezu ezivela emphethweni zinikeza ukumnika okuthambile, «okuthuthukile», kanti izingcezu ezivela maphakathi — okuqoqiwe kakhulu nokusha. Ukwehluka kubonakala kakhulu lapho ukucindezelwa kuminyene futhi ukugcinwa kukude.

Ngokushesha — akusho ukuthi kungcono. Ukuvuthwa okunensa emzimbeni oqinile ngokuvamile kunikeza iphrofayili ephelele, engaphazamiseki kangako, kanti okusheshayo — ukutholakala kusenesikhathi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwengxenye yamandla. Indawo yokugcina eyomile 干仓 (gāncāng) nokucindezelwa okuqinile kudonsela ohlangothini olulodwa — kancane, kuhlanzekile, isikhathi eside; indawo yokugcina emanzi 湿仓 (shīcāng) nokucindezelwa okuxegile — kolunye uhlangothi: ngokushesha, kodwa nengozi yokonakala.

Isimo sithinta nokunambitha kwetiye elifanayo. Ingcezu yesitini esiqinile ivuleka ekuchithekeni kamuva futhi ithule kakhulu kunepuleti elixegile lebhuluku elilinganayo ngobunzima: amanzi adinga ukungeniswa ngaphakathi kwengcezu ecindezelwe isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuvame ukuthathwa njengomehluko wempahla eluhlaza, nakuba isizathu singumshini.

Itshe lesandla lokugaya nokucindezela ngomshini

石模 / 石磨 (shímó) — uhlelo lwendabuko: iqabunga elishiswe ngesitimu lifakwa esikhwameni sendwangu, libekwa ngaphansi kwesisindo setshe, ingcweti icindezela ngomzimba nangesisindo setshe. Ingcindezi ilinganiselwe futhi ayifani ngokuphelele kumkhiqizo nomkhiqizo, ngakho-ke amabhuluku okucindezelwa ngamatshe ngokuvamile axegile, aminyene emphethweni, anomgodi ogqamile ngemuva, kanti ipuleti leqabunga liphuka kancane.

Umcindezeli womshini unikeza ingcindezi ephezulu nefanayo. Umkhiqizo uba mncane, ngokwejometri okunembile, unomphetho olinganayo kanye nophawu olufundeka kahle ngaphezulu. Uhlangothi olubi lwemali — iqabunga eliphukile eliningi nokuvuthwa okunensa.

Icala elidlulele lokucindezelwa ngomshini — 铁饼 (tiěbǐng), «ibhuluku lensimbi»: idiski elicindezelwe esikhunjeni sensimbi ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu, liminyene kakhulu, linezimpawu zamaphuzu zesikhunta ngemuva futhi cishe ngaphandle komgodi. Ibhuluku elinjalo linzima kakhulu ukulihlakaza, livuthwa kancane kakhulu kunelijwayelekile, futhi emphakathini wokuqoqwa livame ukubhekwa njengesikhundla «eside». Isitayela ngokomlando sihlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa e 下关, kodwa namuhla amabhuluku ensimbi enziwa abakhiqizi abahlukene.

Isixwayiso esibalulekile: «ukucindezelwa ngamatshe» ngokwakho akusona isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi yempahla eluhlaza. Lesi isici sokuminyana nendlela yokubumba, hhayi izinga leqabunga, futhi ekukhangiseni kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengengxabano engasekelwa okuqukethwe.

Amayunithi okubala: 饼 → 筒 → 件

Ubunjalo bokuthuthwa kwetiye elicindezelwe bubonakala ohlelweni lokubala. Iketango eliyisisekelo ezintweni zethu linezigaba ezintathu:

1. 饼 (bǐng) — umkhiqizo owodwa, ibhuluku. Ngokufanayo kubalwa 砖, 沱, 方砖.
2. 筒 (tǒng) — inqwaba yemikhiqizo, eboshwe ngokugoqwa kweqabunga lika-bamboo, intambo ye-bamboo noma iphepha. Esimweni se-七子饼 inqwaba ngokomlando nangegama inamabhuluku ayisikhombisa: 7 × 357 g = 2499 g, cishe 2.5 kg.
3. 件 (jiàn) — indawo yemboni, ibhokisi noma ubhasikidi: ibhokisi lekhadibhodi noma i-basket yendabuko ye-bamboo (竹筐, zhúkuāng). Ukupakishwa kwakudala okuqoshwe ezintweni zethu — izinqwaba eziyi-12 endaweni eyodwa.

Ngokuhlukile mayelana ne-提 (tí). Leli gama ku-corpus yethu alibhalwanga njengeyunithi yokubala noma isinyathelo seketango: ukusesha kunikeza kuphela ubuchwepheshe 提香, 提毫, 提花. Esikhathini esivamile i-提 isetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene, ngokuvamile njenge-synonym ye-筒 — okungukuthi «isibopho esisodwa» kanye «nenqwaba eyodwa» ngokuvamile kusho into efanayo. Ngakho-ke, njengezinga lesine lokubala elizimele, asilifaki lapha.

Ngokuqondene nezinombolo: isilinganiso ngaphakathi kwenqwaba yebhuluku lesikhombisa (amabhuluku ayisikhombisa ngo-357 g, ≈2.5 kg) kanye nezinqwaba ezingu-12 zakudala endaweni — lezi yizinkomba ezivela ezintweni zethu, hhayi isimiso sendawo yonke. Ukupakishwa kwebhokisi kuhluka phakathi kwabakhiqizi, imigqa kanye nezikhathi; uma kudingeka inombolo eqondile, kufanele ithathwe encazelweni yokukhishwa okuthile, hhayi emthethweni ojwayelekile.

Incazelo esebenzayo yamayunithi iphindwe kabili. Okokuqala, inqwaba ephelele nebhokisi eliphelele — yizinto ezizimele zokuhweba kokuqoqwa: zigcina ukuphelela kwemboni namadokhumenti angaphakathi (ezinhlotsheni zesimanje — ama-inserts nokumakwa) futhi zibalwa emakethe ngokwehlukile kumabhuluku ngamanye. Izinto zethu azibhali noma yikuphi ukwenyuswa kwentengo ngokungavulwa, futhi asikwazi ukukuqinisekisa. Okwesibili, inqwaba ngokwayo iyisimo sezulu esincane: amabhuluku maphakathi nenqwaba aguga ngokuhlukile kunalawo asemaphethelweni, ngesizathu esifanayo esenza maphakathi nebhuluku kuhluke emphethweni.

Ngokuhlukile kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi 唛号 (màihào) — inkomba yeresiphi yemboni enezinombolo ezine (isibonelo, 7542: iresiphi yango-1975, impahla eluhlaza yekilasi lesine, imboni 勐海) — ibhekisela ekuresiphini, hhayi esimweni, onyakeni wokukhishwa noma ezimeni zokugcina. Iresiphi efanayo ingaphuma ngesimo esihlukile nokuminyana okuhlukile.

Indlela yokugqashula

Itiye elicindezelwe lihlakazwa eduze kwezingqimba zemvelo, hhayi ligawulwa ngokuphambana neqabunga. Amathuluzi ayinhloko:

• i-awl yetiye / ummese-inaliti (茶针, cházhēn) — i-awl enephuzu eliyindilinga noma eliyi-spatula; ifakwa emphethweni webhuluku noma esikhaleni sengqimba, bese ngomshudulo kuhlukaniswa ipuleti;
• ummese wetiye (茶刀, chádāo) — ibala elibanzi eliyisicaba ngaphandle konqenqema lokusika, lilungele izitini namabhuluku aminyene;
• isando setiye / i-mallet — isetshenziswa kanye ne-awl emizimbeni eminyene kakhulu, kuhlanganise ne-铁饼.

Inqubo eyehlisa inani lemvuthuluka:

1. Thola umugqa wokumelana okuncane: ebhulukwini lokhu kungumphetho nendawo yomgodi ngemuva, esitini — ubuso obuseceleni eduze kwezingqimba, e-tocha — ukuhlangana emaphethelweni edome.
2. Faka iphuzu nge-engeli encane nangama-approach amancane emaphuzwini amaningana, hhayi kwelilodwa.
3. Hlukanisa ngamapuleti, bese uphula ipuleti ngesandla kuze kube yingxenyana yosayizi odingekayo.
4. Gqashula ngokushesha ukuphiswa okuningana futhi ugcine izingcezu ngokwehlukile — kanjalo umzimba oyinhloko udinga ukuthikanyezwa kancane.

Okufanele kucatshangwe. Uma kuningi iqabunga eliphukile nothuli engxenyeni, ukumnika kuyashesha futhi kube rough: imvuthuluka inikela konke ngokushesha, kuhlanganise nokubaba. Ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuxuba engxenyeni izingcezu ezinkulu nezincane, hhayi ukuphisa «uthuli oluphansi» ngokwehlukile. Futhi: ebhulukwini elinomehluko ogqamile womphetho/maphakathi kuhlakaniphile ukuthatha itiye lapho nalaphaya, ngaphandle kwalokho iphrofayili yokuphisa okukodwa izocwila ngokuhlelekile.

Ibhuluku elihlakaziwe livuthwa ngokushesha kuneliphelele — indawo yokuthintana inyuke kakhulu. Etiyeni elibekelwe iminyaka eyishumi, lokhu kuyisizathu sokungaliqali ukuliqhekeza; etiyeni eliphuzwayo, lokhu, ngokuphambene, akukhona inkinga.

Isimo nohlobo: sheng, shu nokunye

I-eksisi yesimo isebenza ngokuzimele ku-eksisi 生/熟. I-sheng icindezelwa kukho konke okubaliwe, futhi kuyo ijometri ibalulekile: yonke incazelo ye-越陈越香 ku-sheng iwukuvevuthwa okunensa kweminyaka eminingi, ijubane lakho elibekwa isimo. I-shu idlula ukuvuthwa okusheshayo 渥堆 (wòduī) — ubuchwepheshe benziwa e 昆明茶厂 ngo-1973, ukukhiqizwa okungochungechunge kusukela ngo-1975 — okungukuthi ukuguqulwa okuyinhloko kwayo sekwenzeke ngaphambi kokucindezelwa. Ukuvuthwa okuqhubekayo kwe-shu nakho kuhamba ngomgomo 越陈越香, kodwa kuthambe, futhi umehluko phakathi kwezimo kuyo uzwakala kancane kunaku-sheng.

Akucindezelwa i-puer kuphela: 紧压茶 njengesigaba kubanzi futhi kuhlanganisa amanye amatiye amnyama nemikhiqizo ecindezelwe evela kweminye imiqulu. Lokhu kubonakala nasohlakeni lwemithetho: GB/T 24615-2009 nochungechunge lwe-GB/T 9833 lubhalelwe itiye elicindezelwe jikelele, hhayi i-puer ngokukhethekile. Kulesi sihloko kukhulunywa ngempahla yase-Yunnan; umbuzo wezimo ezingaphandle kwayo ungeqehlukile.

Lokhu isihloko akukuqinisekisi

Imingcele yolwazi lapha kufanele ikhonjwe ngokuqondile.

• Ubunzima bezimo ngaphandle kwalokho okuqinisekisiwe. Izinombolo eziqoshwe ezintweni zethu: 357 g ku-七子饼 kanye nama-2499 g (≈2.5 kg) enqwabeni yamabhuluku ayisikhombisa, 5–8 g ku-龙珠, ububanzi obujwayelekile 100–250 g ku-tocha kanye no-250–1000 g esitini, cishe 100 g ku-甲沱 yomlando. Lezi yizinkomba zemakethe, hhayi imingcele yokulawula. Ubunzima obujwayelekile be-方砖 kanye ne-金瓜 / 团 izinto zethu azibuniki, futhi asikwazi ukubuqinisekisa.
• Ukuhlobana kwemithetho. GB/T 24615-2009 《紧压茶生产加工技术规范》 — umthetho ojwayelekile wokukhiqizwa kwetiye elicindezelwe; awuchazi uhlobo lwetiye futhi akulona «izinga le-puer». I-puer ilawulwa yi-GB/T 22111-2008, izimo ezithile — GB/T 9833.5 (沱茶) kanye ne-GB/T 9833.6 (紧茶). Uhlu lwe-饼 / 砖 / 沱 / 方砖 / 金瓜(团) / 龙珠 / 散茶 — luhlaka olusebenzayo lokuhlela, hhayi isigaba sanoma yimaphi ala madokhumenti.
• Iyunithi 提. Ezintweni zethu ayiveli njengesinyathelo sokubala; ukuphawula okungenhla ngokusetshenziswa kwayo okuvamile kuyincazelo yokungafani ekusebenzeni, hhayi incazelo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-提 iyizinga elingaphezulu kwe-筒, asikwazi.
• Ukugcwaliswa kwe-件. Izinqwaba ezingu-12 zakudala endaweni — inkombandlela evela ezintweni zethu, hhayi isimiso sendawo yonke: ukupakishwa nobunzima bendawo kuhluka phakathi kwabakhiqizi nezikhathi.
• Umsuka wenombolo 357. Izincazelo zokuthuthwa nezomfanekiso ezintweni zethu zihlala ndawonye; isihloko sibiza zombili futhi asimemezeli noma iyiphi yazo njengeyodwa eqotho futhi noma iyiphi — njengamanga.
• Ukunqunywa kwentengo emaphaketheni aphelele. Ukuthi inqwaba engavuliwe noma ibhokisi kubiza ngaphezu kwesamba samabhuluku ngamanye, imithombo yethu ayikuqinisekisi; isihloko akukusho.
• Ubuhlobo bobuningi phakathi kokuminyana nejubane lokuguga. Ukuqondiswa kokuncika kuyaziwa jikelele: kuminyene kakhudlwana — kuhamba kancane. Kodwa isikali esingahlolwa («isitini siguga ngokuphindwe kangaki kancane kune-bhuluku») asikho, futhi esihlokweni asiphakanyiswa. Ngokufanayo umehluko «umphetho/maphakathi» uchazwa ngokwekhwalithi; idatha yezinombolo ngawo ayikho lapha.
• Izinsuku nokubhalwa kwezimo. Ukuthi zavelwa nini ngqo i-沱 ngesimo sanamuhla, i-方砖, i-龙珠 kanye ne-铁饼, ngubani owazethula ekusetshenzisweni — imininingwane eqondile ezintweni zethu ayikho. Ukuhlobanisa ibhuluku lensimbi nesitayela se-下关 kulethwa njenge-attribution ejwayelekile, hhayi njengeqiniso elibhaliwe lobuphambili.
• Ukuhlobana kwesimo nekhwalithi yempahla eluhlaza. Noma ukucindezelwa ngamatshe, noma ngomshini, noma uhlobo «lwensimbi» ngokwako akusho lutho ngezinga leqabunga, ubudala bezihlahla noma indawo yokutshala. Noma isiphi isitatimende esifana «ukucindezelwa ngamatshe — kusho itiye elihle» esihlokweni asisekelwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kokugcinwa ngesimo. Umzimba oqinile umelana kangcono nokushintshashintsha kwemvelo, kodwa awuvikeli endaweni yokugcina engalungile. Ukuhlukanisa 干仓 ku-湿仓 ngejometri yomkhiqizo akunakwenzeka.
• Ukukhishwa okuthile. I-7581, 甲沱, 销法沱, 7542 ezishiwo zilethwa njengezibonelo zamarisiphi nemigqa evela ezintweni zethu; izici zazo zamanje, ukwakheka kwamaqoqo kanye nokutholakala kuhlu akuchazwanga lapha.

the teas described here are available from teamotea