dùjuān huā

Dùjuān huā (杜鹃花) — maluwa a rhododendron/azalea — amapezeka kawirikawiri mu zokambirana za “tiyi wa maluwa,” koma mu kafukufuku wa 花茶 sapezeka konse: ngakhale ngati chonunkhiritsa cha 窨制, ngakhale ngati chinthu chodziyimira chokha. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza malamulo omwe amatsimikizira ngati maluwa angalowe mu gulu la tiyi wa ku China ndi zomwe zili kuseri kwa dzinalo ngati mwakumana nalo pashelefu pafupi ndi tiyi.

Chifukwa chiyani nkhaniyi ili mu gawo la “maluwa ndi zinthu zowuma”

Gawo la FLOWERS AND DRY mu THE TEA lilipo kuti lisunge malire. Dongosolo la tiyi wa ku China limazungulira tsamba la Camellia sinensis: magulu asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira kuphatikiza 再加工茶 (zàijiāgōng chá) — gulu lachisanu ndi chiwiri, “lokonzedwanso” lomwe lili kunja kwa magulu asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira, ndipo apa ndipamene 花茶 (huāchá) ilili. Chilichonse chomwe chilibe tsamba la tiyi sichilowa mu gulu, ngakhale njira yophikira iwoneke ngati ya tiyi. Ndipo pamzere umenewu pamadutsa chidziwitso chodziwika bwino: 菊花 (júhuā, chrysanthemum) palokha si tsamba la tiyi, chifukwa chake 菊花茶 amalembedwa ngati chinthu chapamalire, ndipo 菊普 (júpǔ) yokha — kusakaniza kwa chrysanthemum ndi 普洱熟 — ndiyo imakhalabe mkati mwa malire a tiyi chifukwa cha chigawo chake cha tiyi.

Dùjuān huā ili kutali kwambiri ndi malire awa: mu ndandanda wa mitundu khumi yayikulu ya 花茶 sapezeka konse — ngakhale ngati mzere woyambirira kapena wapamalire. Alibe ngakhale mbendera ya O (yovomerezeka/yokhazikika), ngakhale A (yamaphunziro/yakale), ngakhale M/V/C (yamisika, yogulitsa, yamagulu). Izi zikutanthauza chinthu chosavuta: mu gwero la kafukufuku lomwe buku lino limadalira, rhododendron sanalembedwe ngati chinthu cha 花茶 cha ku China, ndipo kumupatsa terroir, cultivar, muyezo wa GB/T kapena mbiri kungakhale kupanga zinthu.

Mmene 花茶 amagwirira ntchito: chimene chimapangitsa maluwa kukhala “a tiyi”

花茶 si kusakaniza. Ndi teknoloji: amatenga 茶坯 (chápī) — maziko a tiyi omwe anakonzedwa kale — ndipo amachita 窨 (窨制), kudzaza tsamba la tiyi ndi fungo la maluwa; m’mitundu yapamwamba izi zimabwerezedwa kambirimbiri.

Maziko mwachikhazikitso ndi 烘青绿茶 (hōngqīng lǜchá), tiyi wobiriwira woumitsidwa m’ng’anjo. Kawirikawiri monga 茶坯 amagwiritsidwanso ntchito 红茶, 乌龙 kapena 白茶 — ndiye pamene timapeza ma profiles monga 桂花乌龙, 桂花红, 玫瑰红茶.

Kuchokera ku kapangidwe ka dongosolo tikuona zizindikiro zomwe maluwa amasiya akalowa m’dongosolo:

• ali ndi mitundu yolimidwa yokhala ndi fungo lobwerezabwereza — monga 茉莉 (mòlì) m’mitundu 单瓣/双瓣, 桂花 m’mitundu 金桂/银桂/丹桂, rozi monga 重瓣红玫瑰/平阴;
• amatchulidwa maziko a tiyi: 烘青绿茶, 绿茶芽坯 ndi 白毫 wambiri, 红茶坯, 乌龙;
• kuseri kwake kuli madera opangira: 福州, 横县, 苏州, 广西 kwa jasmine; 桂林, 咸宁, 苏州 kwa osmanthus; 平阴 (山东) ndi 广东 kwa rozi; 广州 ndi 苏州 kwa 白兰; 歙县 (徽州) ndi 福州 kwa 珠兰.

Dùjuān huā sasiya ngakhale chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi mu gwero.

Dongosolo la 花茶: mitundu khumi yomwe zina zonse zimafaniziridwa nayo

mtundu	汉字	maluwa	茶坯	dera	mbiri	mbendera
Jasmine	茉莉花茶	茉莉 (单/双瓣)	烘青绿茶 (chachikulu)	福州/横县/苏州/广西	№1 pakati pa 花茶; «窨得茉莉无上味»; 鲜灵浓醇	O+A
Mitundu yapamwamba ya jasmine	茉莉龙珠/银针/大白毫	茉莉	绿茶芽坯 (高白毫)	福州/横县	”ngale” zokulungidwa ndi singano, 窨 kambirimbiri	M
Osmanthus	桂花茶	金桂/银桂/丹桂	绿/乌龙/红	桂林/咸宁/苏州	wotsekemera wa apricot; 桂花乌龙, 桂花红	M
Rozi	玫瑰花茶	重瓣红玫瑰/平阴	红茶坯 (chachikulu) / 绿	平阴 (山东)/广东	wamaluwa-wotsekemera; 玫瑰红茶	M
Magnolia	白兰花茶	白兰 (广州)	烘青绿茶	广州/苏州	wolemera, wotchipa kuposa wa jasmine	V
Chloranthus	珠兰花茶	珠兰 (金粟兰)	烘青绿茶	歙县 (徽州)/福州	wofewa; chikhalidwe chakale cha 徽州	A
D-dai (lalanje wowawa)	玳玳花茶	玳玳花	烘青绿茶	江浙	wa citrus wowawa	C
Pome	柚子花茶	柚子花	烘青绿茶	福建/广东	niche	C
Craft blooming	工艺花茶/开花茶	maluwa owuma + masamba a tiyi	绿茶芽 (单芽)	黄山/金华	kumangidwa ndi manja, kufutukuka mu galasi (zokongoletsa)	M
Chrysanthemum-mix	菊花/菊普	菊花	— / 普洱熟	黄山/杭白菊	chinthu chapamalire; 菊普 = kusakaniza ndi 普洱	C

Wopambana mwamphamvu pano ndi 茉莉花茶, ndipo ndendende ndime «窨得茉莉无上味» imakhazikitsa muyezo: fungo — 鲜灵 (lamoyo, “lomveka”), madzi — 浓醇 (wolemela-wofewa). Zina zonse, kuphatikiza rhododendron, zimayesedwa motsutsana ndi muyezo umenewu.

”Kagawo” kokhako kovomerezeka ka maluwa owuma: 工艺花茶

Mu dongosolo pali chinthu chimodzi chokha chomwe maluwa owuma amapezeka mwakuthupi mu kapu — 工艺花茶 (gōngyì huāchá), yomwe imatchedwanso 开花茶, tiyi “otseguka” wochokera ku 黄山 ndi 金华: kumangidwa ndi manja (手工捆扎) kuchokera ku masamba amodzi a tiyi wobiriwira ndi maluwa owuma, omwe amafutukuka mu galasi lagalasi. Koma ngakhale pano udindo wa maluwa wafotokozedwa moona — zokongoletsa, osati kukoma. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwa gawo la FLOWERS AND DRY: kuphatikiza maluwa owuma mu kapangidwe sikumapangitsa kukhala chonunkhiritsa chovomerezeka ndipo sikumusuntha kupita ku gulu la zinthu za tiyi.

Ngati kapangidwe kachidziwitso ndi dùjuān huā kulipo, malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi kukanakhala mu niche ya zokongoletsa-kusakaniza, osati mu mzere wa 窨制, ndipo palibe nambala yokhazikika yomwe yalembedwa kuseri kwake mu gwero.

Mmene mungasiyanitsire 花茶 weniweni ndi kusakaniza ndi masamba owuma a maluwa

1. Yang’anani tsamba lowuma, osati maluwa. Mu 茉莉花茶 kapena 白兰花茶 fungo limakhala mu tsamba; kuchuluka kwa masamba owuma owala mu tiyi — ndi chizindikiro cha kusakaniza kapena kapangidwe kazokongoletsa, osati 窨 kambirimbiri.
2. Fufuzani ngati 茶坯 watchulidwa. Kufotokoza kwakukulu nthawi zonse kumatchula maziko: 烘青绿茶, 绿茶芽坯 ndi 白毫, 红茶坯, 乌龙. Ngati maziko sanatchulidwe konse — pamaso panu mwina si 花茶 malinga ndi dongosolo.
3. Fufuzani kugwirizana ndi dera lopangira. 福州/横县 kwa jasmine, 桂林/咸宁 kwa osmanthus, 平阴 kwa rozi, 歙县 kwa 珠兰 — awa ndi maadiresi opangira, osati malonda.
4. Siyanitsani “tiyi wamaluwa” ndi “tiyi wochokera ku maluwa.” 花茶 — tiyi wonunkhiritsidwa ndi maluwa. Madzi ochokera ku masamba a maluwa okha (monga 菊花 weniweni) — ndi gulu lapamalire, chifukwa mulibe tsamba la tiyi mkati mwake.
5. Musayembekezere kapangidwe ka tiyi kuchokera ku kusakaniza. Chizindikiro cha 花茶 wovomerezeka — 浓醇 thupi kuchokera ku maziko a tiyi: fungo pamwamba, tiyi pansi.

Kuphika: choyenera kuchita ngati mukupita ku mbali yamaluwa

Upangiri wokhawo wolondola mu nkhaniyi ukhudza dongosolo, osati rhododendron. Maziko a 花茶 ambiri — 烘青绿茶, ndiko kuti tiyi wobiriwira, ndipo ayenera kutsatiridwa monga tiyi wobiriwira. Mitundu yapamwamba (茉莉龙珠, 银针, 大白毫) yapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba okulungidwa mwamphamvu, chifukwa chake amatseguka pang’onopang’ono — kuli bwino kuphika kwaufupi, kuyang’ana 鲜灵 yoyamba. Kwa 桂花乌龙 ndi 玫瑰红茶 dongosolo ndi lina: kumeneko maziko ndi 乌龙 ndi 红茶, ndipo fungo lamaluwa limagwira ntchito ngati chowonjezera pamwamba pa thupi lolemera kwambiri.

Chimaliziro

Dùjuān huā — dzina lokongola lomwe mu dongosolo la tiyi wa ku China lilibe mzere. Ngakhale mu ndandanda wa mitundu khumi ya 花茶, ngakhale m’malo apamalire kumene 菊花 amakhala, ngakhale mu niche yazokongoletsa ya 工艺花茶 rhododendron sanalembedwe: palibe 茶坯, palibe dera, palibe teknoloji ya 窨制, palibe muyezo umene tingatchule. Kwa buku lomwe limagwira ntchito ndi tiyi wa ku China yekha, izi zikutanthauza udindo wa “kunja kwa malire” — ndipo kutchula moona malo opanda kanthu n’kothandiza kuposa tsamba lolembedwa mokongola lonena za zinthu zomwe zilibe mu dongosolo. Ngati mwabwera kuno chifukwa cha chidwi ndi fungo la maluwa, njira yovomerezeka ndi yodziwika komanso yolembedwa bwino: 茉莉花茶 wochokera ku 福州 ndi 横县, 桂花乌龙 wochokera ku 桂林 ndi 咸宁, 珠兰花茶 wochokera ku 歙县 — mayankho atatu osiyana pa funso lakuti maluwa angakhale bwanji gawo la tiyi, osasiya kukhala tiyi.

the teas described here are available from teamotea