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dùjuān huā
dùjuān huā · 杜鹃花
Dùjuān huā (杜鹃花) — izimbali ze-rhododendron/azalea — zivela njalo engxoxweni “ngamatiye ezimbali”, kodwa kuhlu lwezifundo lwe-花茶 azikho: hhayi njengesiqholo se-窨制, hhayi futhi njengento ezimele.
Dùjuān huā (杜鹃花) — izimbali ze-rhododendron/azalea — zivela njalo engxoxweni “ngamatiye ezimbali”, kodwa kuhlu lwezifundo lwe-花茶 azikho: hhayi njengesiqholo se-窨制, hhayi futhi njengento ezimele. Le athikili ichaza ukuthi ngokwemiphi imithetho imbali ingena kanjani ekuhlukanisweni kwetiye laseShayina nokuthi yini esemva kwegama, uma ulithole eshalofini eduze kwetiye.
Kungani lokhu kubhalwa — kusigaba “sezimbali nezinto ezingavuthiwe”
Isigaba FLOWERS AND DRY ku-THE TEA sikhona ngenxa yokugcina imingcele. Uhlelo lwetiye laseShayina lwakhiwe ngeqabunga le-Camellia sinensis: izigaba eziyisithupha eziyisisekelo kanye ne-再加工茶 (zàijiāgōng chá) — isigaba sesikhombisa, “esicutshunguliwe” ngaphandle kweziyisithupha eziyisisekelo, okuyilapho 花茶 (huāchá) iwela khona. Konke okungenaqukethe iqabunga letiye akungeni ekuhlukanisweni, noma ngabe indlela yokwenza itiye ibukeka “injengetiye”. Kukulomugqa lapho kuvela khona umbandela owaziwayo we-canon: 菊花 (júhuā, i-chrysanthemum) ngokwayo — akulona iqabunga letiye, ngakho-ke 菊花茶 imakwa njengento esemngceleni, futhi kuphela i-菊普 (júpǔ) — inhlanganisela ye-chrysanthemum ne-普洱熟 — ehlala ngaphakathi komngcele wetiye ngenxa yengxenye yetiye.
Dùjuān huā isekude nakakhulu ngale kwalomngcele: ohlwini lwezinhlobo eziyishumi eziyinhloko ze-花茶 ayikho nhlobo — hhayi njengomugqa oyinhloko, hhayi futhi njengomugqa osemngceleni. Ayinayo ifulegi O (elisemthethweni/elijwayelekile), noma A (lezifundo/elomlando), noma ngisho M/V/C (lezimakethe, lomthengisi, lomphakathi). Lokhu kusho into elula: emthonjeni wezifundo okusekelwe kuwo le encyclopedia, i-rhododendron ayibhalwanga njengempahla ye-花茶 yaseShayina, futhi ukuyibandakanya ne-terroir, i-cultivar, i-standard GB/T noma iphrofayili kungaba ukuqamba amanga.
Ukwakheka kwe-花茶: yini ngempela eyenza imbali ibe “eyetiye”
花茶 — akuyona inhlanganisela. Ubuchwepheshe: kuthathwa i-茶坯 (chápī) — isisekelo setiye esesilungile — bese kwenziwa i-窨 (窨制), ukugcwaliswa kweqabunga letiye ngephunga lembali; ezindleleni ze-premium kuphindwa kaningi.
Isisekelo ngokuzenzakalelayo — i-烘青绿茶 (hōngqīng lǜchá), itiye eliluhlaza elomiswe nge-oven. Ngokungajwayelekile, indima ye-茶坯 idlalwa yi-红茶, i-乌龙 noma i-白茶 — lapho kuvela khona amaphrofayili afana ne-桂花乌龙, i-桂花红, ne-玫瑰红茶.
Ekubunjweni kwe-canon kuyabonakala ukuthi yimiphi imikhondo eshiywa yimbali engenile ohlelweni:
- inezinhlobo ezilinywayo ezinephunga elikwazi ukuphindwa — njenge-茉莉 (mòlì) ezinhlotsheni ze-单瓣/双瓣, i-桂花 ezinhlotsheni ze-金桂/银桂/丹桂, i-rose njenge-重瓣红玫瑰/平阴;
- inesisekelo setiye esishiwo: 烘青绿茶, 绿茶芽坯 ene-白毫 ephezulu, i-红茶坯, i-乌龙;
- ngemuva kwayo kukhona indawo yokukhiqiza: 福州, 横县, 苏州, 广西 ye-jasmine; 桂林, 咸宁, 苏州 ye-osmanthus; 平阴 (山东) ne-广东 ye-rose; 广州 ne-苏州 ye-白兰; 歙县 (徽州) ne-福州 ye-珠兰.
Dùjuān huā ayishiyi ngisho umkhondo owodwa kulokhu emthonjeni.
I-canon ye-花茶: izinhlobo eziyishumi, okuqhathaniswa nazo konke okunye
| uhlobo | 汉字 | imbali | 茶坯 | isifunda | iphrofayili | ifulegi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-Jasmine | 茉莉花茶 | 茉莉 (单/双瓣) | 烘青绿茶 (okuyinhloko) | 福州/横县/苏州/广西 | №1 kuma-花茶; “窨得茉莉无上味”; 鲜灵浓醇 | O+A |
| Izinhlobo ze-premium ze-jasmine | 茉莉龙珠/银针/大白毫 | 茉莉 | 绿茶芽坯 (i-白毫 ephezulu) | 福州/横县 | “amaparele” asontjiwe nezinaliti, ukuqoqwa okuningi | M |
| I-Osmanthus | 桂花茶 | 金桂/银桂/丹桂 | 绿/乌龙/红 | 桂林/咸宁/苏州 | ubumnandi be-apricot; 桂花乌龙, 桂花红 | M |
| I-Rose | 玫瑰花茶 | 重瓣红玫瑰/平阴 | 红茶坯 (okuyinhloko) / 绿 | 平阴 (山东)/广东 | ubumnandi bezimbali; 玫瑰红茶 | M |
| I-Magnolia | 白兰花茶 | 白兰 (广州) | 烘青绿茶 | 广州/苏州 | ocebile, oshibhile kune-jasmine | V |
| I-Chloranthus | 珠兰花茶 | 珠兰 (金粟兰) | 烘青绿茶 | 歙县 (徽州)/福州 | omnene; isiko lasendulo lase-徽州 | A |
| I-Daidai (i-orenji ebabayo) | 玳玳花茶 | 玳玳花 | 烘青绿茶 | 江浙 | i-citrus ebabayo | C |
| I-Pomelo | 柚子花茶 | 柚子花 | 烘青绿茶 | 福建/广东 | i-niche | C |
| I-Craft blooming | 工艺花茶/开花茶 | izimbali ezomile + imiqumbe yetiye | 绿茶芽 (单芽) | 黄山/金华 | ukubopha ngesandla, kuyaqhakaza engilazini (umhlobiso) | M |
| I-Chrysanthemum-mix | 菊花/菊普 | 菊花 | — / 普洱熟 | 黄山/杭白菊 | into esemngceleni; 菊普 = inhlanganisela ne-普洱 | C |
Okubusa ngokuphelele lapha — i-茉莉花茶, futhi yifomula ethi “窨得茉莉无上味” ebeka izinga: iphunga — 鲜灵 (eliphilayo, “elikhalayo”), ukunambitheka — 浓醇 (okucebile okuthambile). Konke okunye, kuhlanganise ne-rhododendron, kubhekwa ngokwalesi silinganiso.
Okuwukuphela “komkhala” osemthethweni wembali eyomile: 工艺花茶
Ku-canon kukhona indawo eyodwa lapho imbali eyomile ikhona ngokoqobo enkomishini — 工艺花茶 (gōngyì huāchá), eyaziwa nangokuthi 开花茶, itiye “elivulayo” elivela e-黄山 nase-金华: ukubopha ngesandla (手工捆扎) kwemiqumbe engashadile yetiye eliluhlaza nezimbali ezomile, okuvuleka engilazini. Kodwa nalapha indima yembali ichazwe ngokwethembeka — umhlobiso, hhayi ukunambitheka. Lokhu kuwumqondo obalulekile wesigaba FLOWERS AND DRY: ukufakwa kwembali eyomile ekwakhiweni akwenzi ukuthi ibe isiqholo se-canonical futhi akukudluliseli esigabeni sempahla yetiye.
Uma ubukhona bokucatshangwa nge-dùjuān huā, ngokwalomqondo bungaba endaweni yokuhlobisa-inhlanganisela, hhayi emugqeni we-窨制, futhi ayikho inombolo ejwayelekile enganyathiselwa kukho emthonjeni.
Ungahlukanisa kanjani i-花茶 yangempela enhlanganiseleni enamacembe omile
- Bheka iqabunga elomile, hhayi izimbali. Ku-茉莉花茶 noma ku-白兰花茶 iphunga lihlala eqabungeni; ubuningi bamacembe ezimbali agqamile etiyeni — kungcono kube uphawu lwenhlanganisela noma ukwakheka kokuhlobisa, kunokuqoqwa okuningi.
- Hlola ukuthi i-茶坯 ishiwo yini. Incazelo ehloniphekile ihlale ikhombisa isisekelo: 烘青绿茶, 绿茶芽坯 nge-白毫, 红茶坯, 乌龙. Uma isisekelo singashiwanga nhlobo — phambi kwakho, cishe, akuyona i-花茶 ngokokuhlukaniswa.
- Funa ukuxhumana nesifunda sokukhiqiza. 福州/横县 ye-jasmine, 桂林/咸宁 ye-osmanthus, 平阴 ye-rose, 歙县 ye-珠兰 — lawa amakheli okukhiqiza, hhayi ukumaketha.
- Hlukanisa “itiye lezimbali” “netiye elivela ezimbalini.” 花茶 — itiye elinambitheke ngembali. Ukumpontshelwa kwamacembe ezimbali kuphela (njenge-菊花 emsulwa) — isigaba esisemngceleni, ngoba iqabunga letiye alikho kukho.
- Ungalindeli isakhiwo setiye enhlanganiseleni. Uphawu lwe-花茶 ye-canonical — umzimba ocebile ovela esisekelweni setiye: iphunga phezulu, itiye ngezansi.
Ukwenza itiye: okufanele ukwenze uma ngempela uya ohlangothini lwezimbali
Iseluleko esisodwa esifanele kuleli bhuku siphathelene ne-canon, hhayi ne-rhododendron. Isisekelo seningi lama-花茶 — i-烘青绿茶, okusho ukuthi itiye eliluhlaza, futhi kufanele liphathwe ngohlaka oluluhlaza. Izinhlobo ze-premium (茉莉龙珠, 银针, 大白毫) zenziwe ngempahla yemiqumbe esontwe ngokuqinile, ngakho-ke zivuleka kancane — kungcono ukumpontshelwa okufushane, ubheke “ukukhala” kokuqala kwe-鲜灵. Nge-桂花乌龙 ne-玫瑰红茶 uhlaka lwehlukile: lapho isisekelo — yi-乌龙 ne-红茶, futhi inothi lezimbali lisebenza njengokwakhiwa phezu komzimba ocebile.
Isiphetho
Dùjuān huā — igama elihle, elingenamuqga ohlelweni lokuhlukaniswa kwetiye laseShayina. Hhayi ohlwini lwezinhlobo eziyishumi ze-花茶, hhayi endaweni esemngceleni lapho i-菊花 ihlala khona, hhayi nendawo yokuhlobisa ye-工艺花茶 i-rhododendron ayibhalwanga: ayikho i-茶坯, ayikho indawo, ayikho ubuchwepheshe be-窨制, ayikho i-standard okungakhonjwa kuyo. Kule encyclopedia, esebenza kuphela ngetiye laseShayina, lokhu kusho isimo “esingaphandle komngcele” — futhi ukukhomba ngokwethembeka indawo engenalutho kuyasiza kakhulu kunekhasi elibhalwe kahle ngento engekho ku-canon. Uma ulethwe lapha yithakazelo kumaphunga ezimbali, umzila we-canonical uyaziwa futhi ubhalwe kahle: 茉莉花茶 from 福州 and 横县, 桂花乌龙 from 桂林 and 咸宁, 珠兰花茶 from 歙县 — izimpendulo ezintathu ezahlukene embuzweni wokuthi imbali ingaba kanjani ingxenye yetiye, ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuba itiye.
the teas described here are available from teamotea