yuèjì huā

Izimbali ezomile ze-Chinese rose ziwumkhiqizo “osemnceleni” ose-shelufini le-FLOWERS AND DRY: yuèjì huā ngokwayo akulona iqabunga letiye, futhi ingena ohlelweni lwetiye kuphela njengempahla yokwengeza iphunga noma njengengxenye ye-cupage kusisekelo setiye esesilungile.

Indawo ekuhlukaniseni: kungani lokhu akulona “itiye” ngomqondo omncane

Amatiye ezimbali (花茶, huā chá) angaphansi kwe-再加工茶 (zài jiāgōng chá) — “amatiye aphinde acutshungulwa”, isigaba sesikhombisa ngaphandle kweziyisithupha eziyisisekelo (oluhlaza, omhlophe, ophuzi, 青/ulun, obomvu, omnyama). Umqondo wesigaba ulula: kuthathwa isisekelo setiye esesilungile — 茶坯 (chá pēi), ngokuvamile 烘青绿茶 (hōngqīng lǜchá, itiye eliluhlaza elomiswa eziko), kancane kancane elibomvu, le-ulun noma elimhlophe, — bese ligcwaliswa ngephunga lembali ephilayo ngenqubo ye-窨 (yìn).

Kulokhu kuvela iphuzu elibalulekile: umkhiqizo wetiye lapha yisisekelo, hhayi imbali. Ku-track yethu yezitayela zezimbali kucaciswe ngokwehlukana ukuthi 菊花茶 (i-chrysanthemum) kanye ne-菊普 yizikhundla ezisemnceleni ngoba i-chrysanthemum ngokwayo akulona iqabunga letiye. Okufanayo ngokuphelele kuyiqiniso naku-月季花: ukugxishwa kwezimbali kuphela kwamacembe e-Chinese rose kuyisiphuzo se-herbal, hhayi i-花茶. Iba itiye kuphela ezimeni ezimbili: njengomnikeli wephunga ngesikhathi se-窨 noma njengesengezo ku-茶坯 ku-cupage.

Umphumela wesibili ungokwamagama. Ohlwini olubhaliwe lwezinhlobo ze-花茶 i-rose imelwe ngumugqa othi 玫瑰花茶 (méiguī huā chá): imbali — 重瓣红玫瑰 (chóngbàn hóng méiguī, i-red rose enamacembe aminyene), uhlobo lwase-平阴 (Píngyīn); isisekelo — ngokuvamile 红茶坯 (hóng chá pēi, itiye elibomvu), kancane okuluhlaza; izifunda — 平阴 (Shandong) kanye ne-Guangdong; iphrofayili — ephunga lembali emnandi, igama lokuhweba 玫瑰红茶 (méiguī hóngchá). Ifulegi lalesi sikhundla ngu-M (market): yisitayela sokuhweba esizinzile, hhayi isigaba sezemfundo esisemthethweni njenge-茉莉花茶 (ifulegi O+A: izinga elisemthethweni kanye nomlando wezemfundo). Umugqa ohlukile we-月季花茶 awukho ohlwini, futhi lokhu kufanele kubhekwe njenge-lacuna kunokuba kwakhiwe ngokuqagela.

Ibhodani: 月季, 玫瑰 kanye ne-蔷薇 — amagama amathathu ahlukene

Ukudideka mayelana ne-”rose” ekuhwebeni kwe-Chinese kwezimpahla zezimbali kunesisekelo se-botanical. Ngesi-Chinese kuhlukaniswa amaqembu amathathu:

• 月季 (yuèjì), Rosa chinensis, — “inyanga rose”; amagama esintu 月月红 (yuèyuè hóng) kanye ne-月月花 abonisa ukuqhakaza okuphindaphindayo cishe ngokuqhubekayo. I-rose yasengadini, eqhakaza kakhulu enezimbali ezinkulu ezizimele, amaqabunga amancane acwebezelayo futhi ameva amakhulu angavamile.
• 玫瑰 (méiguī), Rosa rugosa, — i-rose “eshwabene” eneqabunga eliminyene eliqinile, amahlumela agcwele ameva, iphunga elinamandla eliyingqayizivele; yiyona emele impahla yakudala ye-玫瑰花茶.
• 蔷薇 (qiángwēi), ama-rose anemibala eminingi, — izimbali ezincane ezisezihlokweni, ukusetshenziswa kokuhlobisa nokwakha uthango.

I-nuance ebalulekile ngokwenziwayo: ama-rose anamuhla amakhulu “hybrid tea” asuka ku-Rosa chinensis yase-China, futhi yilona layini elo elaletha ekuqopheni kwase-Europe isici sokuqhakaza okuphindaphindayo. Ngakho-ke ingxenye enkulu ye-”rose buds” ezomile emakethe nge-botanical ingeyalayini we-月季, kodwa ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi 玫瑰. Lokhu akukhona ukukhohlisa ngomqondo wezomthetho, kodwa kuyinkambiso yokuhweba eyakhiwe ngokomlando, kodwa umthengi kuyasiza ukuyiqonda: uhlobo lwe-平阴 重瓣红玫瑰 kanye ne-月季 yasengadini kuyizimpahla ezahlukene ezinamaphunga ahlukene.

Impahla, ukuvuna kanye nokomisa

I-月季 e-China ngokuyinhloko isiko lokuhlobisa: ukuhlobisa amadolobha, amaqoqo amapaki, ukutshala emizini. Kulokhu kuvela izincomo ezimbili ezingokoqobo ezivela esimweni sempahla, hhayi ezingeni elithile:

• Ukusetshenziswa kokudla kanye ne-tiye kudinga impahla evela emasimini atshalelwe ukuvunwa kwezimbali, hhayi ezitshalweni zokuhlobisa zomphakathi.
• Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-terroir okuqhathanisekayo ne-平阴 ku-玫瑰 noma i-福州/横县 ku-jasmine ku-月季花 akubhalwanga kutrack yethu; i-descriptor efanele yalowo mkhiqizo “imbali eyomile”, hhayi “itiye lemvelaphi”.

Ukomiswa ngokwako kwama-buds kuhamba ngokomqondo ojwayelekile we-干花 (gānhuā): ukuvunwa ngesikhathi sokuvuleka okuyingxenye, lapho amacembe esabambene ngokuqinile, ukususwa ngokushesha komswakama ngaphandle kokushiswa ngokweqile (ukomisa emthunzini noma ukomisa eziko ngezinga eliphansi), ukuqinisa kuze kube umswakama osele ophansi, bese kupakishwa ngokuvalekile ngaphandle kokukhanya namaphunga angaphandle. Iphunga lama-rose buds lilahleka kalula, futhi impahla ngokwayo iyathanda ukumunca umswakama — lezi yizona zingozi ezimbili eziphambili zokugcina.

Indlela i-月季花 engena ngayo ngokusemthethweni enkomishini yetiye

Nge-窨. Umgomo we-scenting uyafana kuwo wonke ama-花茶: izendlalelo zembali ephilayo zihlanganiswa nesisekelo setiye esomile, itiye limunca izinto eziguquguqukayo, imbali esetshenzisiwe iyahlukaniswa, uma kunesidingo umjikelezo uyaphindwa. Amafomu e-jasmine aphezulu — 茉莉龙珠, 茉莉银针, 茉莉大白毫 kusisekelo sama-buds anoboya obumhlophe obuphezulu asuka e-福州 kanye nase-横县 — akhiwa ngokuphindaphindiwe kwe-窨. Kulayini we-rose imakethe yahamba ngendlela ehlukile: ngokohlu isisekelo ngokuyinhloko yi-红茶坯, kusuka lapho isitayela se-玫瑰红茶; isisekelo esimnandi setiye elibomvu sibamba kahle ithoni ye-rose — lokhu kungumqondo wemakethe, hhayi imfuneko ye-normative.

Nge-cupage. Ama-buds omile namacembe kwengezwa etiyeni eselilungile ngokubonakalayo nangephunga. Lapha i-月季花 iziphatha njengengxenye yokuhlobisa nephunga — cishe ngendlela efanayo nembali eyomile esebenza ku-工艺花茶 (gōngyì huā chá, amatiye “aqhakazayo” asuka e-黄山 nase-金华), lapho ukuboshwa ngesandla kwama-buds awodwa nezimbali ezomile kunikeza umphumela wokuvuleka engilazini. Kule ndima akubalulekanga ukujula kwe-variety, kodwa ubumsulwa bombala, ukuqina kwe-bud nokungabikho kothuli.

Amazinga: yini okungashiwo, nokuthi yini okungashiwo

Mayelana ne-花茶, ulayini we-jasmine uvikelwe kakhulu ngamazinga nomlando (O+A). Uline we-osmanthus (桂花茶 kusisekelo esiluhlaza, se-ulun noma esibomvu; 桂林/咸宁/苏州) kanye nowe-rose ahamba nefulegi lemakethe M; ulayini we-white orchid 白兰花茶 (Guangzhou/Suzhou) — nge-vendor V; i-珠兰花茶 (歙县/徽州 kanye ne-福州) incike kulayini wezemfundo nomlando A; i-玳玳花茶 (Jiangsu-Zhejiang, ephunga le-citrus elibabayo) kanye ne-柚子花茶 — izikhundla “zomphakathi” C. Ku-月季花 ku-corpus yethu akukho umugqa wesigaba sikazwelonke, futhi akukho inombolo ye-GB/T engaqanjwa; noma yikuphi ukubalulwa kwenombolo ethile ekumakiseni komkhiqizo wezimbali zodwa we-Chinese rose kufanele kufundwe ngokucophelela futhi kuhlolwe ukuthi ukusiphi isigaba — itiye, imbali eyomile, noma umkhiqizo wokudla ojwayelekile.

Ukunambitheka, ukugxishwa kanye nokuphisa

Iphrofayili yama-buds omile e-月季 mnene futhi “uluhlaza” kakhulu kunaleyo ye-Rosa rugosa: kuncane ukunongela okuminyene kwe-parfum, kukhona ubumnandi obusha bamacembe, ekugcineni — ubumnandi obuncane obuqandayo obuvela ku-receptacle nase-calyx.

Inkambiso yokuhlela:

• Ukugxishwa kwezimbali zodwa: ama-buds ama-3–5 ku-200–250 ml, amanzi 85–90 °C, ukuphalaza kokuqala okufushane imizuzu emi-1–2. Amanzi abilayo “apheka” icebe futhi akhiphe ubabayo.
• Ku-cupage ne-红茶坯: ingxenye yembali incane — umkhombandlela 5–10 % ngesisindo, ngaphandle kwalokho iphunga limboza isisekelo se-malt.
• Ngesisekelo esiluhlaza 烘青绿茶: izinga lokushisa liphansi (80–85 °C), ngaphandle kwalokho imbali ibusa kulesi sisekelo esincane.
• Ungaphisi isikhathi eside: ithoni ye-rose ihamba kuqala, ngemva kwayo kusala ubabayo obomile.

Umlando namasiko

Ku-hierarchy yezimbali zase-China i-月季 inesiqu esithi 花中皇后 (huā zhōng huánghòu) — “indlovukazi phakathi kwezimbali”, ngokungafani ne-peony “inkosi” 花王. Udumo lwayo aluzange lwenziwe yiphunga, kodwa ukungakhathali: igama elithi 月月红 ngokoqobo lisho “ibabomvu njalo ngenyanga”. Lena yimbali yezingadi namagceke, hhayi izimboni zetiye; ingene ekufanekiseni kwamadolobha amaningi ase-China futhi yaba ngomunye weminikelo emikhulu ye-China ekuqopheni kwasezingadini emhlabeni.

Yingakho i-biography yayo yetiye ithobekile. Ukunambitha kwetiye kwakudala e-China kwakhiwe ezimbalini ezinethoni enamandla e-volatile — i-jasmine (“窨得茉莉无上味”), i-osmanthus, i-白兰, i-珠兰. I-Chinese rose ayizange ingene kulolu hlu: iphunga layo lintekenteke futhi “alihlali” kahle eqabungeni letiye.

Indlela yokuhlukanisa nokuthi yini okufanele uyibheke lapho uthenga

1. Isimo se-bud. Ku-Rosa rugosa (uhlobo lwe-平阴) i-bud iminyene, i-ovoid emfushane, inama-calyx awugqinsi; ku-月季 — inde kakhulu, inentamo ende ye-receptacle kanye ne-calyx encane.
2. Iqabunga neva ehlumeni (uma kunama-fragments e-batch): iqabunga elishwabene elimatshe kanye neva eliminyene — i-玫瑰; iqabunga elicwebezelayo elibushelelezi kanye neva elikhulu elingavamile — i-月季.
3. Iphunga lempahla eyomile. Eliminyene, “le-parfum”, elimnandi nelinongiwe — méiguī; elikhanyayo, elisha lamacembe, elinyamalala ngokushesha — yuèjì.
4. Funda ukuthi yini ngempela oyithengiswayo. “I-rose + isisekelo setiye” — lokhu i-再加工茶, futhi lapho kumaka kufanele kubhalwe isisekelo (红茶坯 noma 烘青绿茶). Imbali kuphela — lokhu imbali eyomile, hhayi itiye.
5. Izimpawu zokomisa okubi. Imiphetho yamacembe ensundu, imvuthelo phansi kwesikhwama, iphunga lefula noma umswakama, ama-buds anamathelene — impahla yomisiwe kakhulu, ishiswe ngokweqile, noma imuncise umswakama ngesikhathi sokugcina.
6. Ukungabaza “imvelaphi”. Kulayini we-rose okunengqondo nge-terroir yi-平阴 (Shandong) kanye ne-Guangdong; ku-月季花 izithembiso ze-geographical ezinkulu, ngokuvamile, ziyi-marketing.

Isiphetho: i-月季花 kufanele igcinwe eshelufini le-FLOWERS AND DRY nge-label ecacile — imbali enhle, ebalulekile ngokomlando yase-China, efanele njenge-accent kusisekelo setiye elibomvu noma eliluhlaza, kodwa hhayi isigaba esizimele se-花茶 futhi hhayi indawo ye-méiguī.

the teas described here are available from teamotea