Róngxiàn lǜchá · thetea.app

I-Róngxiàn lǜchá (Róngxiàn lǜchá, 荣县绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni sase-Rongxian (荣县) emasipala wedolobha i-Zigong eningizimu yesifundazwe sase-Sichuan. Isifunda saziwa kakhulu ngetiye lezimbali, sibizwa ngokuthi “izwe lokuzalwa kwetiye lezimbali laseChina”, futhi “i-荣县花茶” yaso ingenile ekhulwini lamagama ebhizinisi lamatiye esifunda kuzwelonke ngokulinganiswa kwenani lomkhiqizo. Itiye eliluhlaza liyinsika yesibili yezomnotho ofanayo: isifunda sinezimpawu ezimbili zikahulumeni zokuqinisekisa indawo, “i-荣县花茶” kanye “ne-荣县绿茶”. Imithombo yezindaba ihlobanisa itiye lalapha nesimo sendawo esiyi-dome, okuthiwa siyayivumela itiye lasekuqaleni, futhi ichaza itiye lendawo eliluhlaza njengelicebe ngama-amino acid, linephunga elimsulwa elicinene kanye nokubuya okumnandi.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), isigaba sivezwe egameni lophawu uqobo.
Isigaba: Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda; uphawu lokuqinisekisa indawo.
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Sichuan (四川, Sìchuān), imasipala wedolobha i-Zigong (自贡, Zìgòng), isifunda sase-Rongxian (荣县, Róngxiàn).
Indawo yophawu: Irejista yazi isifundazwe kuphela; igama lesifunda lophawu likhomba e-Rongxian, kodwa umngcele wezomthetho wendawo angiwuhlolanga.
Uphawu olungumakhelwane: “i-荣县花茶” wuphawu oluhlukile lwesifunda esifanayo lwetiye lezimbali. Kungumkhiqizo ohlukile, hhayi igama elifanayo.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Isiko elidala. Imithombo yezindaba ibhala ngomlando wokutshalwa kwetiye esifundeni ongaphezu kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili; abukho ubufakazi obubhalwe phansi balesi sibalo emibhalweni etholakele.
- Uphawu. Ngokwencwadi ka-May 2024, isifunda sathola izimpawu ezimbili zikahulumende zokuqinisekisa indawo, olwetiye lezimbali nolwetiye eliluhlaza. Izinombolo zophawu, umnikazi wawo kanye nonyaka wokubhalisa angikutholanga.
- 2024. “i-荣县花茶” yangena ekhulwini lamagama ebhizinisi lamatiye esifunda e-China ngokulinganiswa kwenani lomkhiqizo; inani lishiwo ku-1,153 billion yuan.
- 2025–2026. Umnyango wokushushisa wesifunda sase-Rongxian ngo-2025 wawunakekela ukuvikela izimpawu “i-荣县花茶” kanye “ne-荣县绿茶”; ngo-April 2026 umnyango wokushushisa wesifundazwe wafaka leli cala phakathi kwamacala ayisibonelo.
Ukuvikelwa kwezimpawu (2025): Ngokombiko womnyango wokushushisa, ukuhlola kwathola ukuthi izimpawu zisetshenziswa ngokuphambana nomthetho, futhi amagama ebhizinisi avikeleka kancane. Ngemva kweziphakamiso (检察建议) zomnyango wokushushisa, ukugadwa kwezimakethe kwajezisa ukwephulwa okuyisithupha, kanti ihhovisi lezolimo ngo-November 2025 labuyekeza imithetho yokusetshenziswa kwazo zombili izimpawu futhi lagunyaza uhlu lwezinkampani ezivunyelwe. Esinye isinyathelo, izinga lokudla lezimbali ze-gardenia (栀子花): isifunda senza itiye lezimbali le-gardenia, kodwa izinga lalolu hlobo lwezinto alikho.
Iziqu zesifunda: “Izwe lokuzalwa kwetiye lezimbali laseChina” (中国花茶之乡, ngokwemininingwane yemasipala kusukela ngo-2021) kanye “nokuyishumi kwezifunda eziqinile zetiye e-Sichuan” (四川茶业十强县). Phakathi kwamagama ebhizinisi endawo angaphezu kweshumi, imithombo ikhuluma nge-龙都香茗 (itiye le-jasmine), i-绿茗春, i-春兰芗 kanye ne-黄金叶.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa

Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar: Ngokwencwadi ka-2021, esifundeni ikakhulukazi kutshalwa i-福选9号, i-福鼎大白, i-名山131 kanye ne-黄金芽. Elinye ipulazi lomndeni, ngokwencwadi ka-2022, litshala futhi i-黄芽早, i-川茶3号 kanye nendawo endala yetiye lase-Sichuan (老川茶). Ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezivunyelwe uphawu “lwe-荣县绿茶” akushiwongo.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa: Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda (2024–2025), ngaphezu kuka-90% wamaqabunga amatiye adumile angama-buds awodwa ajwayelekile (独芽), aqoqwa ngesandla ngomthetho “提手采”; izinga lokuqoqa eliqondene nophawu alikho emithonjeni etholakele.
Ukuqoqwa ngomshini: Ngokwemininingwane yemasipala, ngo-2024 imishini yayiqoqa ama-86% amaqabunga esifunda.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa: Ngo-2022, ngokwemibiko yezindaba, ukuqoqwa kwetiye lasekuqaleni kwaqala ngo-February 9. Lolu wusuku lwesizini eyodwa, hhayi umthetho.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala

Isifunda: INingizimu ye-Sichuan (川南). Ngokwencwadi ka-2021, izivande zisemadolobhaneni ayishumi, phakathi kwawo i-Shuangu (双古镇), i-Laimuo (来牟镇) kanye ne-Techang (铁厂镇); isifunda sine-90% yezivande zetiye zikamasipala wedolobha i-Zigong.
Isimo sendawo: Isici esiyinhloko esishiwo yimithombo ka-2022 no-2025 yisimo sendawo esiyi-dome (穹隆地貌, “idome lase-Rong- Wei”). Ngokwemithombo ka-2022, sinikeza isimo sezulu esifaneleka kangcono itiye lasekuqaleni.
Isimo sezulu: Ihhovisi lezolimo lase-Zigong (2025) likhipha isilinganiso sonyaka sezinga lokushisa elingu-17.8 °C, imvula engaba ngu-1000 mm, amahora elanga angu-1289.5 kanye nezinsuku ezingama-333 ezingenasithwathwa ngonyaka. Itiye lasentwasahlobo, ngokwale mininingwane efanayo, lifika emakethe ekuqaleni kuya maphakathi no-February, izinsuku ezi-4-5 ngaphambi kwendawo yaseNtabeni i-Emei, futhi cishe izinsuku ezingama-20 ngaphambi kwempumalanga ye-Sichuan.
Ukuphakama kanye nomhlabathi: Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.
Ububanzi: Izinombolo zikhula unyaka nonyaka futhi azivumelani phakathi kwazo:
- 2022: 206.7 thousand mu yezivande kanye nezimboni zetiye ezingama-43 (imithombo yezindaba);
- 2024: 210 thousand mu yezivande, 20 thousand mu yezisekelo zezimbali zokuphunga kanye nezimboni zokucubungula ezingama-45 (incwadi ka-May 2024);
- 2024: umkhiqizo we-31.9 thousand t, kuthi kuwo itiye eliluhlaza lokuthumela kwelinye izwe lingama-29.8 thousand t; inani eliphelele lomkhiqizo li-5.118 billion yuan (ihhovisi lezolimo lase-Zigong, 2025).

Zonke izinombolo zibhekisa etiyeni lesifunda lilonke, lezimbali kanye neliluhlaza ndawonye; angizange ngithole ububanzi obuhlukile bophawu “lwe-荣县绿茶”.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza

Abukho ubuchwepheshe kanye nemingcele yaleli tiye ngokwalo emithonjeni etholakele. Ngezansi kunesikimu esijwayelekile sesigaba, hhayi incazelo ye-Róngxiàn lǜchá:

Ukunaba kweqabunga elisha (摊放, tānfàng): Iqabunga likhipha ingxenye yomswakama.
Ukulungiswa (杀青, shāqīng): Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
Ukusonga noma ukubumba (揉捻, róuniǎn).
Ukomisa (干燥, gānzào).

Ngokwencwadi ka-2024, amandla okucubungula okuqala esifundeni angama-35 thousand t ngonyaka, amandla okucwenga angama-70 thousand t; lezi zinombolo azibhekisi etiyeni eliluhlaza ngokwahlukana.

6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic

Incazelo engezansi yanikezwa imithombo yezindaba ngetiye eliluhlaza lesifunda lilonke, hhayi ngokombhalo wophawu.

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Iphunga lokuphisa: Lihlanzekile futhi licinene (清香馥郁).
Ukunambitheka: Kusha futhi kuvuselela, nobuyela obumnandi (鲜爽回甘).
Umbala wokuphisa: Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
Phansi kwetiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe): Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Ayikho imininingwane yezinombolo emithonjeni etholakele. Imithombo yezindaba ibhala kuphela ukuthi itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda “linokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid kanye nokuphakathi kwama-polyphenol” (氨基酸含量高，茶多酚适中).

8. Ukuphisa

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C; ngetiye elibuthakathaka lasekuqaleni elivela kuma-buds awodwa, kusondele ku-80 °C.
Inani letiye: 3 g nge-150 ml.
Isitsha: Ingilazi yegilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
Inqubo:
1. Ukufudumeza isitsha.
2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
3. Ukuphisa kokuqala, ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40-60.
4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokuphisa.
5. Thela amanzi futhi.
6. Ukuphisa okuphindwe kabili noma kathathu.

9. Ukugcina

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

10. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa

Intengo: Ngokwemibiko yezindaba, ngo-February 2022 ama-buds awodwa amasha etiye lasekuqaleni athengwa ngesilinganiso se-112 yuan nge-jin (500 g), inani eliphezulu lingu-125 yuan. Ngo-2024, ngokwemininingwane yemasipala, iqabunga elisha lamatiye adumile lalibiza isilinganiso se-220 yuan ngekhilogremu, eliphezulu lingu-280. Lezi yizintengo zezinto zokusetshenziswa, hhayi zetiye eliqediwe; azikho izintengo zetiye eliqediwe “le-荣县绿茶” emithonjeni etholakele.
Ubukhulu: Ngokombiko womnyango wokushushisa, ngo-2025 inani eliphelele lomkhiqizo wemboni yetiye lesifunda lidlule i-5 billion yuan, futhi itiye linikeze imindeni yabalimi engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-50 isilinganiso semali engenayo engaphezu kwe-20 thousand yuan ngonyaka.
Ukwenza kanjani ukugwema ukukhwabanisa:
- Bheka uphawu lokuqinisekisa indawo “lwe-荣县绿茶”: kusukela ngo-November 2025 ihhovisi lezolimo lesifunda linohlu olugunyaziwe lwezinkampani ezivunyelwe ukulusebenzisa.
- Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni sase-Rongxian, emasipala wedolobha i-Zigong.
- Ungadidanisi “ne-荣县花茶”: lolu wuphawu lwetiye lezimbali, hhayi olwetiye eliluhlaza.

11. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo

Isifunda esisodwa sinezimpawu ezimbili zetiye, olwezimbali nololuhlaza, futhi okwenze isifunda saduma kakhulu olokuqala.
Ukuvikelwa kwezimpawu zetiye kwenziwa umnyango wokushushisa wesifunda, futhi esinye sezinyathelo zawo kwaba sezingeni lokudla lezimbali ze-gardenia, okuyizinto zokusetshenziswa zetiye lendawo le-gardenia.
Isizini yokuqala lapha iqala ngo-February: ngo-2022 ama-buds okuqala aqoqwa ngo-February 9.

12. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye ase-Sichuan

I-Róngxiàn Huāchá (荣县花茶): Itiye lezimbali lesifunda esifanayo ngaphansi kophawu oluhlukile; akukho sihloko ku-corpus ngaye okwamanje.
I-Qiánwéi Mòlìhuā Chá (犍为茉莉花茶): Itiye le-jasmine lesifunda sase-Qianwei e-Sichuan, umakhelwane oseduze kakhulu wephrofayili yetiye lezimbali lesifunda.
I-Mòlì Piāoxuě (茉莉飘雪): Itiye le-jasmine lase-Sichuan esisekelweni esiluhlaza.
I-Zhúyèqīng (竹叶青): Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba leNtaba i-Emei.
I-Guǎng’ān Sōngzhēn (广安松针): Itiye eliluhlaza elinaliti lempumalanga ye-Sichuan, nalo ngaphansi kophawu lokuqinisekisa.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Róngxiàn lǜchá itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda izwe lonke elazi ngayo ngetiye lezimbali. Izinsika zalo yisimo sendawo esiyi-dome esinesizini yokuqala, izivande ezinkulu ngobubanzi kanye nophawu okwadingeka ngo-2025 ukuba luvikelwe ngomnyango wokushushisa. Izincazelo zokubukeka kwalo okwamanje zincane: iphunga elihlanzekile elicinene, ukunambitheka okusha nobuyela obumnandi kanye nama-amino acid amaningi, ngokwamazwi emithombo yezindaba, hhayi ngokombhalo.

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