zhōngqī chá

中期茶 (zhōngqī chá) — isigaba semakethe esivamile se-pu’er: itiye elingaselisha, kodwa futhi lingekabi yinto yakudala. Lena yingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke futhi edayiswa kakhulu emhlabeni we-pu’er, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo yiyona echazwe kabi kakhulu. Ayinayo indinganiso kahulumeni, noma incazelo yemboni, noma umngcele wezinombolo owamukelwa wonke umuntu. Igama lisebenza njengenkomba yesimo, hhayi njengerekhodi kusigaba sokuhlukanisa.

Kuyasiza ukuqala ngokuhlukanisa amazinga amabili engxoxo. Elokuqala — ukuhlelwa kobuchwepheshe kwe-pu’er: uhlobo (生茶, shēngchá — sheng; 熟茶, shúchá — shu), indawo yokutshala, ubudala besihlahla, ukwakheka kokucindezelwa, inkathi yokukhiqizwa. Elesibili — ulimi lwezohwebo lwamadepho nemakethe yesibili, lapho okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi yini ongenza ngetiye namuhla: ukuliphuza, ukuliqhubeka nokuligcina, noma ukulithengisa kabusha. 中期茶 ingeyezinga lesibili ngempela. Ngakho-ke ukuphikisana ngokuthi “kuyafaneleka” yini ukubiza isonkwa esithile ngetiye lesikhathi esiphakathi, ngokuvamile akunangqondo: abaphikisanayo basebenzisa izivumelwano ezahlukene.

Kungani isigaba singenayo imingcele efanayo

Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke kukhona izinhlaka eziningana ezingahambisani, futhi akukho neyodwa yazo enobukhulu obuphambili:

Uhlaka	Umqondo olusekelwe kuwo	Okungenayo ngaphakathi
3–10 iminyaka	”Itiye seliyekile ukuba lisha” — ukubala kusukela lapho ukuphaphatheka okuluhlaza kwe-sheng kuqala ukunyamalala	i-sheng eminingi emincane, esacacile ukuthi isathuthuka
5–15 iminyaka	Ukuvumelana phakathi kwe- “selephuzeka” ne- “sashintsha”	iningi letiye elijwayelekile elivuthiwe
10–20 iminyaka	Uhlaka lokuhweba lwamadepho nokujikeleza kwesibili: amaqoqo anomlando, imibhalo kanye nomlando wentengo oqondakalayo	itiye lenkathi yezinhlobo, kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990 kuqhubeke

Ukungafani akuveli ekunganakini, kodwa ekuqondeni umsebenzi ngendlela ehlukile.

Kulowo othenga itiye ukuliphuza manje, kubalulekile umngcele wezinzwa: ingabe iphunga eliluhlaza selinyamalala, ingabe ukubaba okuhlatshayo sekuhambile, ingabe ukuthamba sekuvele. Lo mkhawulo ufika ngezindlela ezahlukene futhi ungafika eminyakeni emihlanu, noma ungafiki ngisho nangeminyaka eyishumi nambili.

Kulowo ohweba ngobuningi, kubalulekile umngcele wemakethe: kusukela kubudala buni lapho iqoqo liqala ukuphila njengempahla enomlando, hhayi njengokusha kwesizini. Lapha kusebenza kangcono uhlaka oluphezulu lweminyaka eyishumi kuya kwamashumi amabili, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukujikeleza sekwakheke, umsuka uyahloleka, futhi intengo ayisabanjwa yiluhlu lwamanani lwefektri.

Kulowo ocabanga ngezinkathi, umngcele futhi ungokomlando: 中期茶 — lena, njengomthetho, inkathi yesimanje eyaqala ngeminyaka yawo-1990, kuyilapho izendlalelo zangaphambili sezivele zinamagama azo.

Asingeze ukuthi ijubane lokuguga lincike esimweni sezulu sokugcina, ezintweni zokuqala zokusetshenziswa, kubukhulu beqoqo futhi, ngokubhekwa kwansuku zonke, ekumineni kokucindezelwa. Iresiphi efanayo, ehanjiswe emadepho ezindaweni ezahlukene zesimo sezulu, ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi inikeza amatiye ahluke ngokusobala. Ikhalenda kulesi simiso — liyisilinganiso esibi. Kusukela lapha kuvela isiphetho esisebenzayo: inombolo yeminyaka encazelweni 中期茶 ifanele ukufundwa njengenkomba, hhayi njengencazelo.

Umbandela ngokomongo esikhundleni sekhalenda

Incazelo esebenzayo yesigaba yakhiwa ngesimo, hhayi ngosuku.

Itiye lesikhathi esiphakathi — yileli:

• selilahle ukuhlabeka okuluhlaza: kuhambile ukutsha kotshani, ukuphaphatheka okubukhali nokubaba “okuhlatshayo” okuphezulu kwe-sheng encane;
• liphuzeka ngaphandle kokulinda: akudingeki “ligcinwe eminye iminyaka emihlanu” ukuze lamukeleke, lilungele itafula esimweni salo samanje;
• alikabi nalo iphrofayela yezinto zakudala: akukho ubumnandi obuminyene, obusindayo, boncamu-olukhuni kanye 陈香 (chénxiāng, “iphunga lokuvuthwa”) elijulile, okuyizinto ezibonwa ngalo itiye elidala ngempela;
• liyaqhubeka nokushintsha: alikho endaweni yokugcina, futhi ukucabanga ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi lizoba ngelinye, kuhlala kunengqondo.

Lena ifreyimu yokuqukethwe. Ichaza ukuthi kungani amaqoqo amabili onyaka owodwa angaba ezinhlangothini ezihlukene zomngcele: elinye “selifinyelele”, elinye alikafinyeleli. Futhi kungani itiye elineminyaka engamashumi amabili eligcinwe kahle ngezinye izikhathi libonwa njengesikhathi esiphakathi, kanti itiye elineminyaka eyishumi “eligijinyiswe” ngokushesha eligcinwe endaweni emanzi linikeza iphrofayela abaningi abayibeka esidala.

Umgomo, okwakhelwe kuwo sonke lesi sikali, — 越陈越香 (yuè chén yuè xiāng, “ukudala, kunephunga elimnandi”). Ungumgogodla wenani lokuqoqwa kwe-pu’er, ikakhulukazi i-sheng. Kubalulekile ukuliqonda ngendlela efanele: lokhu isitatimende ngesiqondiso soshintsho ngaphansi kwezinto ezifanele nokugcinwa okulungile, hhayi isiqinisekiso sokuthi noma yiliphi itiye liyathuthuka ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Isikhathi esiphakathi — yilapho kanye indawo lapho kubonakala khona ukuthi umgomo uyenzeka eqoqweni elithile noma cha.

Lapho 中期茶 iphela khona futhi 老茶 iqala khona

老茶 (lǎochá, “itiye elidala”) — isigaba esilandelayo esikalini, futhi imingcele yaso ifiphele ngendlela efanayo ncamashi. Ukuhlukanisa kuvame ukwenziwa ngezimpawu ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa:

• Iphrofayela. Ku 老茶 ubumnandi buba yinto ehamba phambili, ukubaba kuyehlela ngemuva noma kunyamalale, kuvele “ukuqina kokhuni” okukhona, ngezinye izikhathi amathoni ekamfure, emithi, nezithelo ezomisiwe. Ukumnika kuwugqinsi, kuyagoqa, futhi ukunambitheka kuhlala isikhathi eside futhi kuphansi.
• Ukuguquguquka. Itiye elidala libonwa njengelifikile esimweni salo: alisathembisi, kodwa “likhona”. Isikhathi esiphakathi, ngokuphambene, siyaqhubeka sifundeka njengongaphelele.
• Umongo. Itiye elidala cishe njalo kuxoxwa ngalo njengengethenwa enomlando wokugcinwa; isikhathi esiphakathi — njengesisindo sempahla.

Ngokwenza, kuvame ukuhlangana nomngcele wentengo: kusukela ebudaleni obuthile itiye liyayeka ukudayiswa ngamakhilogremu futhi liqala ukudayiswa ngokuyunithi ngayinye. Lesi sikhathi siyithathwa emakethe njengoshintsho. Ayikho inombolo eyodwa lapha, futhi i-athikili ayiyiphakamisi.

Umehluko ku-号级茶 ne-印级茶

Phezulu nakakhulu esikalini — akuwona nje “amadala”, kodwa izendlalelo zomlando, ngasinye sinegama laso. Lezi azifakwa esikhathini esiphakathi kunoma iyiphi inguqulo yokukala.

• 号级茶 (hàojí chá) — ungqimba lwezinto zakudala, itiye lezindlu zokuhweba ezizimele 商号 (shānghào) ngaphambi kweminyaka yawo-1950: 同庆 (Tóngqìng), 宋聘 (Sòngpìn), 福元昌 (Fúyuánchāng). Lezi izinto eziyivelakancane ezifakwa endalini, izibalo zifinyelela ezigidini zamayuan nangaphezulu. Isigaba sivaliwe: ngeke kuphinde kube khona 号级茶 entsha.
• 印级茶 (yìnjí chá) — itiye 中茶 (Zhōngchá) leminyaka yawo-1950–70, eliqanjwe ngombala wophawu lwezinhlamvu “中” embhansini: 红印 (hóngyìn, uphawu olubomvu), 绿印 (lǜyìn, oluhlaza), 黄印 (huángyìn, oluphuzi). Futhi ungqimba lomlando oluvaliwe.
• 七子级 (qīzǐ jí) — kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1970, inkathi yezinombolo zamarisiphu asefektri 唛号 (màihào).
• Inkathi yesimanje — kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990, isikhathi sezinhlobo; 大益 (Dàyì) ibhaliswe ngo-1989.

Umehluko ubaluleke ngokuyisisekelo. 号级 kanye 印级 — izigaba zomlando nezobunikazi: zichazwa ngomkhiqizi, inkathi kanye nozalo olubhaliwe, futhi ubuqiniso lapha buyindaba yokuhlolwa, hhayi yokunambitha. 中期茶 — isigaba sesimo nokujikeleza: ichaza ukuthi itiye likusiphi isigaba, futhi isebenza ezinkulungwaneni zamaqoqo ahlukene ezimboni ezahlukene. Ezimbili zokuqala zinomkhawulo futhi ziyancipha; isikhathi esiphakathi siyagcwaliswa ngokuqhubekayo, ngoba unyaka nonyaka amaqoqo amasha ayavuthwa afinyelele kulesi sigaba.

Ngokuhlukile, kufanele kucaciswe 唛号: ikhodi enezinombolo ezine efana 7542 — iresiphi, hhayi unyaka wokukhiqizwa futhi hhayi ubufakazi bokugcinwa. Kuyo, izinombolo ezimbili zokuqala — unyaka wokugunyazwa kwendlela, eyesithathu — isigaba sezinto zokusetshenziswa (inombolo encane — iqabunga elithambile), eyesine — ifektri (1 — 昆明 / 中茶, 2 — 勐海 / 大益, 3 — 下关, 4 — 普洱). Okusho ukuthi 7542 isho iresiphi yango-1975, izinto zokusetshenziswa zesigaba sesine, 勐海. Isonkwa 7542 singakhiqizwa kunoma yimuphi unyaka ngemva kokugunyazwa kweresiphi, futhi ukudideka kulokhu kwakha ingxenye yokuhweba okungathembekile: ikhodi ifundwa njengosuku.

I-sheng ne-shu esikhathini esiphakathi — izindaba ezimbili ezahlukene

Isigaba sisetshenziswa kokubili ku-sheng naku-shu, kodwa incazelo iyehluka.

I-Sheng. Lapha isikhathi esiphakathi — ingxenye egcwele kakhulu yomlando wempilo yetiye. I-sheng encane ekunambithekeni isondelene netiye eliluhlaza: ukubaba okuncane, amathoni ezimbali notshani, ukusebenza okugqamile. Ukuvutshelwa okwengeziwe kwenzeka kancane futhi ngokwemvelo. Kanye phakathi kwe- “lisencane” ne- “elidala” kwenzeka ukuguqulwa okuyinhloko: uhlaza luyahamba, ukuphaphatheka kuhlangana kube isakhiwo, kuvele amathoni ezithelo ezomisiwe, oju, nokhuni, ukumnika kuba mnyama. Kwi-sheng, 中期茶 — indawo lapho itiye selikhululekile, kodwa lingakalahli ukuguquguquka.

I-Shu. I-shu itholakala ngokuvutshelwa okusheshisiwe 渥堆 (wòduī, ukunqwabelana okumanzi). Ubuchwepheshe bucwengisiswe e 昆明茶厂 (Kūnmíng cháchǎng) ngo-1973, ukukhiqizwa okulandelanayo — kusukela ngo-1975. I-shu ekuqaleni imnyama, inamhlabathi futhi imnandi, ngaphandle kokubaba okuhlabayo, ngakho-ke “ukulahlekelwa ukuhlaba okuluhlaza” akusebenzi kuyo. Umgomo 越陈越香 we-shu nawo uyasebenza, kodwa uthambile: iminyaka isusa amanothi asele aseshabhu nedepho lokuvutshelwa, inikeza ukumnika ubushelelezi, futhi 勐海味 (Měnghǎi wèi, “iphunga laseMenghai”) elijwayelekile ngokuvuthwa lidlulela ku 醇厚陈香 (chúnhòu chénxiāng) — iphunga eliminyene lokuvuthwa. Ku-shu, isikhathi esiphakathi — ngokukhethekile mayelana nokuhlanzwa nokujikeleza, hhayi ngokushintsha uhlobo lokunambitha.

Ukuma kokucindezelwa nakho kunomthelela ekuhambeni kwenqubo, nakuba kungekho sikali esingacacile lapha. Isonkwa esijwayelekile 七子饼 (qīzǐ bǐng) esinesisindo esingu-357 g — ifomethi esabalele kakhulu (ngokomlando, amasinkwa ayisikhombisa ephaketheni, 2,5 kg); kukhona 砖 (zhuān, isitini), 沱 (tuó, indebe), 金瓜 (jīnguā, ithanga), 龙珠 (lóngzhū, amabhola 5–8 g ngokunika) netiye elingacindezelwanga. Izakhiwo ngokwazo ekuhleleni kwethu zichazwe ngokusebenza: 357 g — indinganiso yemakethe, 沱 — ukuhlangana, 龙珠 — izabelo. Ekuhambeni kokuguga kunomthelela nokuminya kokucindezelwa, kodwa izinto zethu azisivumeli ukuhlela izakhiwo ngejubane lokuguga — lokhu asikwazi ukukuqinisekisa; ezincazelweni zokugcinwa ijubane lixhunyaniswa ngokuyinhloko nohlobo lwedepho (干仓 / 湿仓). Ukucindezelwa (蒸压, zhēngyā) kulawulwa indinganiso GB/T 24615; ayikho indinganiso ehlukile “yesikhathi esiphakathi”.

Kungani lokhu kuyivolumu eyinhloko yamadepho nendaba eyinhloko yokuhweba kwesibili

Kuhlangana izinto ezimbalwa.

Okokuqala, izibalo. I-pu’er ikhiqizwa ngamathani minyaka yonke, futhi konke okungaphuzwanga eminyakeni yokuqala, kungena emadepho. Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi umthamo onqwabelene uphindaphindeka kaningi umthamo wanoma iyiphi isizini eyodwa. Izendlalelo zezinto zakudala, ngokuphambene, zinomkhawulo futhi cishe ziphelile.

Okwesibili, ukuhwebelana. Isikhathi esiphakathi — yileso simo lapho itiye lithakazelisa ngasikhathi sinye izinhlobo ezimbili zabathengi: labo abafuna ukuphuza manje, nalabo abafuna ukugcina ngokuqhubekayo. Itiye elisha lidingeka ngokuyinhloko eqenjini lesibili, izinto zakudala — emjikelezweni omncane wabaqoqi. Isidingo esikabili senza isikhathi esiphakathi sibe impahla ejikelezayo kakhulu.

Okwesithathu, ukuhloleka. Amaqoqo eminyaka yawo-1990 nawo-2000 avela ezimbonini ezinkulu ayaziwa, ayaqashelwa, anomlando wentengo nesithunzi esakhiwe. Lokhu kudala izimo zokuhweba ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kokukhethekile kweyunithi ngayinye — ngokungafani nesegimenti yezinto zakudala.

Okwesine, umqondo wokugcinwa njengomkhuba wezomnotho. Idepho — akulona igumbi lokungenzi lutho, kodwa indawo lapho kwakhiwa khona inani. Umnikazi uyazuza ngokugcina itiye kuze kube sesigabeni lapho likwazi ukudayiswa kakhulu, futhi adayise lapho. Isikhathi esiphakathi yileso sigaba.

Ukugcinwa: 干仓 kanye 湿仓

Umehluko wamadepho unquma ukuthi ubudala bufundwa kanjani.

• 干仓 (gāncāng) — idepho elomile. Ukuguga kuhamba kancane, kuhlanzekile, kuphephile; indlela esezingeni eliphezulu, lapho itiye leminyaka eyishumi kuya kweyishumi nanhlanu lingahlala likhanya futhi liphila.
• 湿仓 (shīcāng) — idepho elimanzi. Izinqubo ziyasheshiswa, itiye lithola ngokushesha ukubukeka “okudala” nokunikeza okumnyama, kodwa ingozi yokukhunta nokonakala iyakhula. Ngokomlando, lo mkhuba uxhumene namadepho aseHong Kong (港仓, gǎngcāng), lapho ingxenye yezindlela kwakuwubuchwepheshe obuhleliwe, futhi ingxenye kwakuwumphumela wesimo sezulu nezimo.

Kusukela lapha kunomphumela obalulekile wesigaba: ukubukeka nefrophayela yetiye eligcinwe endaweni emanzi kungahambisana nenani elikhulu kakhulu leminyaka kunalelo elibhalwe embhansini. Lokhu akukhona njalo ukukhohlisa — ngezinye izikhathi kumane kuyisikole esihlukile sokugcinwa, — kodwa umthengi kunzima ukuhlukanisa lezi zimo ezimbili.

Izingozi zokuthenga

Usuku olungelona iqiniso. Indlela evame kakhulu. Ubudala be-pu’er buguqulwa ngokuqondile bube intengo, ngakho-ke iqoqo liba nesifiso “sokuguga”. Amathuluzi — ukuphrinta kabusha embhansini, ukufaka esikhundleni ithikithi elingaphakathi 内飞 (nèifēi) nephepha langaphakathi 内票 (nèipiào), kanye nokufunda 唛号 njengonyaka wokukhiqizwa. Asikho isibonakaliso sangaphandle esiqinisekisa: iphepha eligugiswe ngokufakelwa lenziwa kalula, kanti iphepha elithembekile lingabukeka lisha uma isinkwa belele ephaketheni elivaliwe.

Ukugcinwa endaweni emanzi okwenza sengathi ubudala. Ukuguga okusheshisiwe kufihla kokubili ubusha betiye nobuthakathaka bezinto zokusetshenziswa. Izimpawu — iphunga elibunjiwe, lasegumbini, lokukhunta eqabungeni elomile nasendebeni engenalutho; ukunikeza “okungazwakali”, okuyisicaba ngaphandle kokuthuthuka ngokunika; umbala olinganayo ngokungemvelo omnyama weqabunga. Ubunzima obuhlukile — itiye ebelithile ukungenisa umoya ngemva kwedepho elimanzi, lilahlekelwa izimpawu ezisobala kakhulu, ligcina ubushelelezi bokunambitha.

Ukuhlukanisa kabusha. Ngaphansi kweresiphi eyaziwayo kudayiswa ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa: ingxube esikhundleni 纯料 (chúnliào, izinto zokusetshenziswa ezilodwa) ezifunwa, 台地 (táidì, iqabunga lesihlahla samasimu) esikhundleni 古树 (gǔshù, izihlahla ezindala), esinye isifunda esikhundleni sentaba eqanjwe. Esikhathini esiphakathi ukuhlukanisa kabusha kunzima kakhulu ukukubamba: ukuvuthwa kushelela lezo zingxabano zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibonakala ngokushesha etiyeni elincane. Igama lesigodi elikhulu embhansini, kufanele libhekwe ngokucophelela umsuka weqoqo.

Ukuhlanganisa amaqoqo. Izinkwa zeminyaka eyahlukene namadepho, ezihlanganiswe ngaphansi kweleyibula eyodwa. Kubonakala njengokungahambisani: izinkwa ezahlukene “ephaketheni” elilodwa ziziphatha ngokuhlukile ekunikeni.

Okubhekwayo ngesikhathi sokuhlola

Okubhekwayo	Okufundeka kahle	Okukhathazayo
Iqabunga elomile	Iphunga elihlanzekile lokuvuthwa: izithelo ezomisiwe, ukhuni, uju, ubumnandi obuncane; ku-shu — ubumnandi obumnyama ngaphandle kwamanothi eshabhu	Ukubunjwa, igumbi, ukukhunta, iphepha elimanzi, i-asidi ebukhali, ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwephunga
Umbala weqabunga	Ukungalingani kwemvelo, ukuguquka kusuka kokunsundu okumnyama kuya koluhlaza okotshani nobomvu; isakhiwo seqabunga siyabonakala	Umbala olinganayo “wamalahle” noma ompunga, ukugqoka okumhlophe, ukufiphalisa imiphetho yeqabunga
Ukunikeza kwe-sheng	Okucacile, kusuka kulombala o-amber kuya owolintshi omnyama nobomvu ngokuhamba kweminyaka; kucwebezela, ngaphandle kokudideka	Ukudideka, ukufiphalisa, umbala onsundu ongahambisani nobudala obushiwo
Ukunikeza kwe-shu	Onsundu omnyama ongacishe ube mnyama, kodwa ocacile ekukhanyeni	Ukudideka, ifilimu enamafutha enephunga lokubunjwa
Ukunambitha nokuthuthuka	Ubumnene ngaphandle kobuze, ubumnandi ekunambithekeni, ukushintsha kwefrophayela kusuka ekunikeni kuye ekunikeni, umphimbo ophilayo	Ukucaba, ukunambitha okufanayo kukho konke ukunika, ukuphela ngokushesha, ukubaba okomisa ngaphandle kobumnandi
Umbhanso namathikithi	Ukuhambisana kwephepha, ifonti nokuphrintwa nenkathi eshiwo; izimpawu zokuguga kwemvelo nokugcinwa kwedepho	Iphepha elisha kakhulu ebudaleni obukhulu; amabala okufakelwa; ukungahambisani 内飞 nombhanso
Iqabunga eliphelelwe	Ukunwebeka, iqabunga liyavuleka, alidabuki libe yinhlama	Ukwephuka, uthuli, iphunga lokuswakama eqabungeni elipholile

Asikho salezi zimpawu esisebenza sodwa. Ukuhlola kunengqondo njengesamba: iqabunga elomile, ukunikeza, iqabunga eliphelelwe, ukupakishwa kanye nomsuka weqoqo kufanele kuxoxe indaba efanayo. Ukungahambisani phakathi kwazo — kuyisibonakaliso esithembekile kunanoma isiphi isibonakaliso esisodwa “esifanele”.

Kubalulekile nokuthi 仓味 (cāngwèi, “iphunga ledepho”) — akufani nokukhunta. Iphunga ledepho elincane etiyeni elichithe amashumi eminyaka ligcinwe egumbini elivaliwe, livame ukuhamba ngemva kokungenisa umoya futhi alithathwa njengesici. Iphunga lokukhunta eliqhubekayo, elibuyayo endebeni futhi lihlale eqabungeni eliphelelwe — yisici.

Lokhu i-athikili ingakugomeli

Imingcele yesigaba. Incazelo eyodwa 中期茶 ayikho: akukho ndinganiso kahulumeni, noma isivumelwano semboni, noma incazelo eqinile yesichazamazwi. Izinhlaka ezishiwo 3–10, 5–15 kanye 10–20 iminyaka — ukuqoshwa kokungezwani okujwayelekile, hhayi ukukhetha inguqulo “efanele”. Noma iyiphi incwadi ebiza inombolo eyodwa njengesemthethweni, ikhipha isivumelwano semakethe njengendilinganiso.

Umlando wegama. Ukuthi isisho 中期茶 sasungulwa nini ngempela olimini lwezohwebo nokuthi ngubani owasiletha — akutholakali. Kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuxhumana nokunqwabelana kwamavolumu amadepho ngemva kweminyaka yawo-1990, kodwa lokhu kuwukuqagela, hhayi iqiniso elibhaliwe.

Ijubane lokuguga. Asikho isikali esihloliwe esingahumusha isimo sezulu sokugcinwa, ukuminya kokucindezelwa kanye nesigaba sezinto zokusetshenziswa sibe inani leminyaka. Asinakho nokuhlelwa okuqinisekisiwe kwezakhiwo zokucindezelwa ngejubane lokuguga: izinto zethu zichaza izakhiwo ngokusebenza, futhi ijubane zilihambisa nohlobo lwedepho. Izitatimende ezifana “esimweni sezulu esimanzi unyaka ubalwa njengemibili” — izilinganiso zansuku zonke, hhayi amanani alinganisiwe.

Ikhemikhali yenqubo. I-athikili ayichazi i-biochemistry yezinguquko ezenzeka ku-pu’er ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, futhi ayinikezi izinkomba zokwakheka. Le ndawo icwaningwe ngokungalingani, futhi ezincazelweni ezidumile kulula ukuhlangabezana nezitatimende ezingenakuhlolwa.

Ukunquma usuku lwamaqoqo athile. Ukunquma unyaka wokukhiqizwa ngezimpawu zangaphandle kungumsebenzi wokuhlaziya, hhayi wokufunda ithebula. Asikho isethi yezimpawu ebhalwe ku-athikili ye-encyclopedia engangena esikhundleni sokuhlolwa komsuka nomlando wokugcinwa kweqoqo.

Impilo. Isikhathi esiphakathi sivame ukuchazwa “njengosizo kakhulu” noma “othambile esiswini” kune-sheng encane. Lokhu kuwukubhekwa okuvamile ngokubekezeleleka, hhayi isitatimende sezokwelapha; i-athikili ayihlobisi noma yiziphi izakhiwo zokwelapha.

Uhlu lwezimpahla nezintengo. Amaqoqo athile, izindleko zawo kanye nokutholakala akuxoxwa lapha: isigaba 中期茶 sichaza isimo setiye, hhayi isethi yezikhundla zempahla.

Izinto ezihlobene: ukuhlukaniswa kwe-pu’er kanye nezimbazo zokuhlela, izakhiwo zokucindezelwa, ukugcinwa nezinkathi, uhlelo 唛号.

the teas described here are available from teamotea