Huìdōng Nánshān chá

IHuidong Nanshan Cha (Huìdōng Nánshān chá, 惠东南山茶) — «itiye laseNanshan» lendawo yezokuvakasha iJiulongfeng (九龙峰) yesifunda saseHuidong (惠东县) ngaphansi kukamasipala waseHuizhou, esifundazweni saseGuangdong. Leli yigama elimenyezelwe, hhayi elibhalisiwe: ngoMashi 2025 i «Huizhou Ribao» yabika ukuthi iNational Intellectual Property Administration yamukele ukucutshungulwa kwesicelo sophawu lwesitifiketi se-geographical «惠东南山茶». Uphawu, indawo evunyiwe kanye nencazelo yomkhiqizo akukakabi khona. Ngokwe «Huizhou Ribao» (2026), e «Nanshan ecological valley» kuphakwa «izinhlobo ezine ezinkulu» zetiye laseNanshan, kanti emshinini wetiye kusebenza imigqa yezigaba ezine zetiye, — yingakho le ndatshana ikhona phakathi kwezigaba, hhayi kufolda yesigaba esisodwa.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Akunqunyiwe. Ngokwe «Huizhou Ribao» (2026), izingcweti zetiye ziphaka «izinhlobo ezine ezinkulu» zetiye laseNanshan (四大品类), kanti emshinini wetiye waseNanshan valley kusebenza imigqa yezigaba ezine zetiye (四大茶类). Iziphi lezi zigaba nokuthi yiziphi ezizongena ophawini, iphephandaba alisho.
Isigaba: Igama lendawo eyintaba yesifunda saseHuidong; isicelo sophawu lwesitifiketi se-geographical, esamukelwe ukucutshungulwa.
Imvelaphi: IChina, isifundazwe saseGuangdong (广东, Guǎngdōng), umasipala waseHuizhou (惠州, Huìzhōu), isifunda saseHuidong (惠东, Huìdōng), indawo yezokuvakasha iJiulongfeng (九龙峰, Jiǔlóngfēng).
Indawo: Indawo evikelwe ayikashicilelwa. Igama lihlotshaniswa nendawo iJiulongfeng yimibiko yamaphephandaba endawo; imingcele efakiwe angiyibonanga.
Isimo: Isicelo samukelwe, igama alibhalisiwe (irejista ka-2026).

2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko

Umlando:
- Ukufakwa kwesicelo. Izinsuku zokufakwa kwegama lomfakisicelo azikho emithonjeni etholakele.
- 2025 — isicelo samukelwe. Ngokwe «Huizhou Ribao» (Mashi 2025), kubhaliswe izimpawu zesifunda «惠东马铃薯» kanye ne «惠东仙人茶», kanti izicelo ze «惠东南山茶», «惠州岩茶», «白盆珠横坑茶» kanye nezinye ezimbili ezingezona ezamatiye zamukelwa yiNational Intellectual Property Administration.
- 2026 — umkhosi wokuqala kokuvuna. Ngokwe «Huizhou Ribao», ngo-20 Mashi, ngenkathi yokulingana kwentwasahlobo iChunfen (春分, chūnfēn), e «Nanshan ecological valley» (南山生态谷) kwaba khona «umkhosi wokubiza intaba» kanye nokuqala kokuvuna itiye laseNanshan (春分喊山·南山茶开采活动): umkhuba wokuhlonipha intaba ngokuthandazela itiye, ukumemeza okuhlangene phezu kwemithambeka kanye nokuvunwa kwamahlumela okuqala esizini.
Igama: «Huidong» (惠东) — igama lesifunda; «Nanshan» (南山) — «intaba yaseningizimu»; «cha» (茶) — itiye. Endaweni iJiulongfeng kunentaba iDananshan (大南山) kanye nesizinda «Nanshan ecological valley»; incazelo eqondile yegama imithombo ayinikezi.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Ngokwe «Yangcheng Wanbao» (Januwari 2024), itiye lingenye yezipho zendawo zomphakathi waseJiulongfeng, kanti itiye elibomvu «Haoshu» lomzana waseTianxin (田心好树红茶) kanye netiye lamaqabunga amakhulu lomzana waseShangwei (上围村大叶茶) bathola isicoco sesifundazwe «umzana owodwa — umkhiqizo owodwa» (一村一品).

3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa

Izinhlobo: Izinhlobo ezizongena ophawini azikashicilelwa. Ikhasi lezokuvakasha lokwazisa (2023) libala izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesifunda sisonke — xianren cha (仙人茶, obizwa nangokuthi «shanzi cha», 山子茶), jinxuan (金萱), meizhan (梅占), shuixian (水仙) kanye nezihlahla zomdabu — futhi libiza i-xianren cha ngohlobo oluyingqayizivele eHuidong kuphela. Yiziphi kulezi ezikhula eNanshan valley, emithonjeni etholakele akukho; ematiyeni asemizaneni yendawo amaphephandaba akhuluma ngetiye lamaqabunga amakhulu lomzana waseShangwei.
Ukuvuna: Ngokwephephandaba (2026), eNanshan valley konke — kusukela ekunakekeleni izihlahla kuya ekuvuneni kwamaqabunga — kwenziwa ngesandla. Izinga lokuvuna emithonjeni etholakele alikho.

4. I-terroir kanye nezici zokutshala

Isifunda: Indawo iqanjwe ngentaba iJiulongfeng engxenyeni esentshonalanga yochungechunge lweLianhuashan (莲花山), ku-14 km ukusuka esikhungweni sesifunda; isiqongo sayo esikhulu — 563 m («Yangcheng Wanbao», 2024). Ngokwemininingwane yomnyango wendawo (2025), indawo iphakathi nesifunda, ithatha 218.05 km², okungaba 120 km² okuyihlathi eliqhubekayo; kudlula umfula iXizhijiang (西枝江), kanti lapha kune provincial forest park iJiulongfeng kanye ne city forest park iNanshan.
Ububanzi: Ngokwe «Huizhou Ribao» (2026), eNanshan valley — kune-2000 mu yezingadi ze-ecological, ezilinywe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imvelo futhi ziniselwa ngamanzi omthombo. Ububanzi bezingadi zendawo zizonke emithonjeni eqinisekisiwe abukho.
Ukuphakama kanye nenhlabathi: Ikhasi lezokuvakasha lokwazisa (2023) libonisa izingadi zaseJiulongfeng ukuphakama okungu-200–300 m, ukwehla kwendawo kusuka enyakatho-ntshona kuya eningizimu-mpumalanga kanye nenhlabathi ebomvu ene-asidi enkulu enesendlalelo esijulile. Ukuphakama okuhlukile kwezingadi zaseNanshan valley emithonjeni etholakele akukho.
Isimo sezulu: Ngokwalelikhasi elifanayo — izintaba nxazonke, amafu nenkungu, imithombo, isimo sezulu esipholile namanzi amaningi. Ngesifunda sisonke linikeza isimo sezulu se-monsoon esishisayo eseningizimu, izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi elingu-22.0 °C, imvula engu-1720.3 mm ngonyaka kanye nomswakama ohlobene ongu-78 %.

5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza

Ubucwepheshe obufakwe ophawini emithonjeni etholakele abukho. Ngokwe «Huizhou Ribao» (2026), emshinini waseNanshan valley kusebenza imigqa yezigaba ezine zetiye, kodwa ukuthi yiziphi lezi zigaba nokuthi zenziwa kanjani, akushiwongo.

Njengoba uhlobo alunqunyiwe, uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba angiluvezi: ezigabeni ezine luhlukile.

6. Izici ze-organoleptic

Incazelo yomkhiqizo ofakiwe ayikho. Iphephandaba (2026) likhuluma ngetiye laseNanshan ngamazwi ajwayelekile — «isimo esihle, iphunga elihlanzekile, ukunambitheka okuthambile» (形美、香纯、味醇), kanti ikhasi lezokuvakasha lokwazisa — ngetiye laseJiulongfeng njengelinothile futhi elinephunga elimnandi, elinokunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside. Le mazwi ahlotshaniswa nasiphi isigaba, akushiwongo.

Isimo seqabunga elomile: Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
Iphunga lokuphuzwa: Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
Ukunambitheka: Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
Umbala wokuphuzwa: Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
Izinsalela zetiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe): Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

8. Ukuphisa

Umkhuba wesigaba — imingcele incike ekutheni yiliphi itiye laseJiulongfeng elisesandleni.

Oluhlaza: 80–85 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ukuphisa kokuqala imizuzwana engu-40–60, ingilazi ekhanyayo noma i-gaiwan, ukuphisa kabili noma kathathu.
Obomvu: 90–95 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ukuphisa kokuqala cishe umzuzu owodwa, i-gaiwan noma i-porcelain teapot, ukuphisa okuningana ngokwengeza isikhathi.

9. Ukugcinwa

Umkhuba wesigaba. Itiye eliluhlaza — ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga, liphuzwe phakathi nonyaka. Obomvu — endaweni eyomile emnyama ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, ephaketheni eliqinile, kude namaphunga.

10. Intengo kanye nezomgunyathi

Imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

Ukwazi ukugwema izomgunyathi:
- Khumbula ukuthi uphawu «惠东南山茶» alikakabi khona: umbhalo ephaketheni — igama lokuhweba, hhayi igama elivikelwe.
- Uphawu lwetiye olubhalisiwe lwesifunda — «惠东仙人茶»; akufanele ludidaniswe netiye laseNanshan.
- Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda saseHuidong, futhi ubuze ukuthi itiye lingaphansi kwasiphi isigaba.

11. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ukuvuna eNanshan valley ngo-2026 kwavulwa ngosuku lokulingana kwentwasahlobo — ngomkhuba wokuhlonipha intaba kanye nokumemeza okuhlangene phezu kwemithambeka.
Endaweni eyodwa iJiulongfeng imizana emibili yathola isicoco sesifundazwe «umzana owodwa — umkhiqizo owodwa» ngetiye — obomvu kanye nowamaqabunga amakhulu.
Ngokombiko ka-2025, isifunda saseHuidong besilinde isinqumo ngezicelo ezinhlanu zezimpawu — ezintathu zamatiye nezimbili ezingezona ezamatiye.
Isiqongo esikhulu sentaba iJiulongfeng — 563 m, kanti izingadi zendawo, ngokwekhasi lezokuvakasha, ziphakeme nje ngo-200–300 m.

12. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye

IHuidong Xianren Cha (惠东仙人茶): Uphawu olubhalisiwe lwesifunda esifanayo lwetiye lomdabu wendawo u-xianren cha.
IHuizhou Yancha (惠州岩茶): U-ulong wohlobo lwaseWuyishan oluvela emigqumeni ye-danxia eduze kwedamu laseBaipenzhu; isicelo sophawu samukelwe kanye neseNanshan.
IBaipenzhu Hengkeng Cha (白盆珠横坑茶): Itiye eliluhlaza lomzana waseHengkeng wesifunda esifanayo; naso siyisicelo, hhayi uphawu.
IHuidong Lü Cha (惠东绿茶): Indatshana yomqulu mayelana namatiye aluhlaza esifunda sisonke — igama elihlanganisayo ngaphandle kokuvikelwa.

Ekuphetheni:

IHuidong Nanshan Cha — okwamanje igama ngaphandle kophawu: isicelo samukelwe, kodwa indawo, uhlobo kanye nokubukeka komkhiqizo akukashicilelwa. Ngemuva kwalo kunendawo iJiulongfeng entshonalanga yochungechunge lweLianhuashan — izingadi eziphakeme ngo-200–300 m phakathi kwamahlathi, «iNanshan ecological valley» ene-2000 mu yezingadi, ukunakekelwa ngesandla nokuvuna, imigqa yezigaba ezine zetiye kanye nomkhosi wokuqala kokuvuna ngosuku lokulingana kwentwasahlobo. Ukuthi uphawu luzovikela ini ngempela, kuzocaca kuphela ngemva kokubhaliswa.