Huìdōng Nánshān chá

Hui Dong Nan Shan Cha (Huìdōng Nánshān chá, 惠东南山茶) ndi “tiyi wa Nan Shan” wa dera la alendo la Jiulongfeng (九龙峰) m’boma la Huidong (惠东县) m’tauni ya Huizhou, m’chigawo cha Guangdong. Ili ndi dzina lopemphedwa, osati lolembetsedwa: mu March 2025, nyuzipepala ya “Huizhou Ribao” inalengeza kuti State Intellectual Property Office idalandira pempho la chizindikiro cha geographical certification cha “惠东南山茶”. Chizindikirocho, dera lovomerezeka ndi kufotokozera kwazinthu kulibe. Malinga ndi “Huizhou Ribao” (2026), mu “Nan Shan ecological valley” amaphika “mitundu inayi ikuluikulu” ya tiyi wa Nan Shan, ndipo mu fakitale ya tiyi muli mizere ya magulu anayi a tiyi, choncho nkhaniyi ili m’gulu la magulu, osati mu foda ya gulu limodzi.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi

Mtundu: Sinakhazikitsidwe. Malinga ndi “Huizhou Ribao” (2026), akatswiri a tiyi amaphika “mitundu inayi ikuluikulu” ya tiyi wa Nan Shan (四大品类), ndipo mu fakitale ya tiyi ya chigwa cha Nan Shan muli mizere ya magulu anayi a tiyi (四大茶类). Kuti maguluwa ndi ati ndipo ndi ati omwe adzalowe mu chizindikirocho, nyuzipepala sinatchule.
Gulu: Dzina la dera lamapiri la boma la Huidong; pempho la chizindikiro cha geographical certification lomwe lalandiridwa kuti liganizidwe.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Guangdong (广东, Guǎngdōng), tauni ya Huizhou (惠州, Huìzhōu), boma la Huidong (惠东, Huìdōng), dera la alendo la Jiulongfeng (九龙峰, Jiǔlóngfēng).
Dera: Dera lotetezedwa silinafalitsidwe. Dzina limagwirizanitsidwa ndi dera la Jiulongfeng ndi zofalitsa za atolankhani am’deralo; malire opemphedwa sindinawaone.
Mkhalidwe: Pempho lalandiridwa, dzina silinalembetsedwe (kaundula wa 2026).

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe

Mbiri:
- Kupereka pempho. Madeti operekera pempho ndi dzina la wopempha sakupezeka m’magwero omwe tawapeza.
- 2025 — pempho lalandiridwa. Malinga ndi “Huizhou Ribao” (March 2025), zizindikiro za boma la “惠东马铃薯” ndi “惠东仙人茶” zinalembetsedwa, ndipo mapempho a “惠东南山茶”, “惠州岩茶”, “白盆珠横坑茶” ndi zinthu zina ziwiri zomwe si za tiyi adalandiridwa ndi State Intellectual Property Office.
- 2026 — chikondwerero cha kuyamba kuthyola. Malinga ndi “Huizhou Ribao”, pa 20 March, m’nyengo ya chisanu ndi chimodzi cha vernal equinox Chunfen (春分, chūnfēn), mu “Nan Shan ecological valley” (南山生态谷) panachitika “chikondwerero chokweza mawu cha kuyitana mapiri” ndi kuyamba kuthyola tiyi wa Nan Shan (春分喊山·南山茶开采活动): mwambo wolemekeza phiri ndi kupembedzera tiyi, kufuula pamodzi pamwamba pa mapiri ndi kuthyola masamba oyamba a nyengo.
Dzina: “Huidong” (惠东) ndi dzina la boma; “Nan Shan” (南山) ndi “Phiri la Kumwera”; “cha” (茶) ndi tiyi. M’dera la Jiulongfeng muli phiri la Dananshan (大南山) ndi malo otchedwa “Nan Shan ecological valley”; kufotokozera kwachindunji kwa dzinali sikukupezeka m’magwero.
Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Malinga ndi “Yangcheng Wanbao” (January 2024), tiyi ndi imodzi mwa mphatso za m’deralo za dera la Jiulongfeng, ndipo tiyi wofiira wa “Haoshu” wa mudzi wa Tianxin (田心好树红茶) ndi tiyi wa masamba akuluakulu wa mudzi wa Shangwei (上围村大叶茶) adalandira udindo wa chigawo cha “mudzi umodzi — chinthu chimodzi” (一村一品).

3. Kufotokozera kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira

Mitundu: Mitundu yomwe idzalowe mu chizindikirocho sinafalitsidwe. Tsamba la utsogoleri wa alendo (2023) limatchula mitundu ikuluikulu ya boma lonse — Xianren Cha (仙人茶, yemwenso ndi “Shanzi Cha”, 山子茶), 金萱 (jīnxuān), 梅占 (méizhàn), Shuixian (水仙) ndi zitsamba za anthu — ndipo limatcha Xianren Cha mtundu womwe umapezeka kokha ku Huidong. Kuti ndi iti mwa iwo yomwe imamera m’chigwa cha Nan Shan, sizikupezeka m’magwero omwe tawapeza; mwa tiyi wa m’midzi ya dera lino, nyuzipepala zimatchula tiyi wa masamba akuluakulu wa mudzi wa Shangwei.
Kuthyola: Malinga ndi nyuzipepala (2026), m’chigwa cha Nan Shan zonse — kuyambira kusamalira zitsamba mpaka kuthyola masamba — zimachitika ndi manja. Muyezo wa kuthyola sizikupezeka m’magwero omwe tawapeza.

4. Terroir ndi Zochitika za Kulima

Dera: Derali limatchedwa ndi phiri la Jiulongfeng kumadzulo kwa mapiri a Lianhuashan (莲花山), pamtunda wa 14 km kuchokera pakatikati pa boma; nsonga yake yayikulu ndi 563 m (“Yangcheng Wanbao”, 2024). Malinga ndi malipoti a ofesi ya dera (2025), lili pakatikati pa boma, lili ndi 218.05 km², pomwe pafupifupi 120 km² ndi nkhalango yosalala; mtsinje wa Xizhijiang (西枝江) umadutsa m’derali, ndipo pano pali forest park ya chigawo ya Jiulongfeng ndi forest park ya tauni ya Nan Shan.
Dera: Malinga ndi “Huizhou Ribao” (2026), m’chigwa cha Nan Shan pali 2000 mu za minda ya ecological, yolimidwa popanda kuwononga chilengedwe ndipo imathiriridwa ndi madzi a kasupe. Kukula kwa minda ya tiyi m’dera lonselo sikukupezeka m’magwero otsimikizika.
Kutalika ndi dothi: Tsamba la utsogoleri wa alendo (2023) limatchula kutalika kwa 200–300 m kwa minda ya Jiulongfeng, malo otsetsereka kuchokera kumpoto chakumadzulo kupita kumwera chakum’mawa, ndipo makamaka dothi lofiira la acidic lomwe lili ndi wosanjikiza wozama. Kutalika kwapadera kwa minda ya chigwa cha Nan Shan sikukupezeka m’magwero omwe tawapeza.
Nyengo: Malinga ndi tsamba lomwelo — mapiri ozungulira, mitambo ndi chifunga, akasupe, nyengo yofewa ndi madzi ambiri. Kwa boma lonse, limatchula nyengo ya monsoon ya kumwera kwa subtropical, kutentha kwapakati pa 22.0 °C, mvula ya 1720.3 mm pachaka ndi chinyezi cha 78%.

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga

Ukadaulo wopemphedwa wa chizindikirocho sizikupezeka m’magwero omwe tawapeza. Malinga ndi “Huizhou Ribao” (2026), mu fakitale ya chigwa cha Nan Shan muli mizere ya magulu anayi a tiyi, koma kuti maguluwa ndi ati ndi momwe amapangidwira, sizinatchulidwe.

Popeza gulu silinakhazikitsidwe, sindikupereka ndondomeko ya gulu lonse: kwa magulu anayi ndi yosiyana.

6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic

Kufotokozera kwa chinthu chopemphedwa kulibe. Nyuzipepala (2026) imanena za tiyi wa Nan Shan m’mawu opezeka — “mawonekedwe okongola, fungo loyera, kukoma kofewa” (形美、香纯、味醇), ndipo tsamba la utsogoleri wa alendo limanena za tiyi wa Jiulongfeng ngati wolemera ndi wonunkhira, wokhala ndi kukoma kwanthawi yayitali pambuyo pake. Kuti mawuwa akukhudza gulu liti, sizinatchulidwe.

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Palibe deta m’magwero omwe tawapeza.
Fungo la masamba owuma: Palibe deta m’magwero omwe tawapeza.
Fungo la madzi a tiyi: Palibe deta m’magwero omwe tawapeza.
Kukoma: Palibe deta m’magwero omwe tawapeza.
Mtundu wa madzi a tiyi: Palibe deta m’magwero omwe tawapeza.
Masamba otiyidwa (masamba ophikidwa): Palibe deta m’magwero omwe tawapeza.

7. Zomwe Zili M’kati mwa Mankhwala

Palibe deta ya physicochemical m’magwero omwe tawapeza.

8. Kuphika

Mchitidwe wa gulu — magawo amadalira mtundu wa tiyi wochokera ku Jiulongfeng womwe uli m’manja.

Wobiriwira: 80–85 °C, 3 g pa 150 ml, kuthira koyamba masekondi 40–60, kapu yagalasi kapena gaiwan, kuthira kawiri kapena katatu mobwereza.
Wofiira: 90–95 °C, 3 g pa 150 ml, kuthira koyamba pafupifupi mphindi imodzi, gaiwan kapena mbiya ya porcelain, kuthira kangapo ndi kuwonjezera nthawi.

9. Kusunga

Mchitidwe wa gulu. Tiyi wobiriwira — m’matumba otsekedwa, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo, kumwa mkati mwa chaka. Wofiira — pamalo owuma ndi amdima pa kutentha kwa chipinda, m’matumba olimba, kutali ndi fungo.

10. Mtengo ndi Zonama

Palibe deta yamitengo m’magwero omwe tawapeza.

Momwe mungapewere zinthu zonama:
- Kumbukirani kuti chizindikiro cha “惠东南山茶” kulibe: zolemba pa phukusi ndi dzina la malonda, osati dzina lotetezedwa.
- Chizindikiro cholembetsedwa cha tiyi cha boma ndi “惠东仙人茶”; sichiyenera kusokonezedwa ndi tiyi wa Nan Shan.
- Onetsetsani kuti wopanga ndi wochokera ku boma la Huidong, ndipo funsani kuti tiyiyo ndi wa gulu liti.

11. Mfundo Zosangalatsa

Kuthyola m’chigwa cha Nan Shan mu 2026 kudatsegulidwa pa tsiku la vernal equinox — ndi mwambo wolemekeza phiri ndi kufuula pamodzi pamwamba pa mapiri.
M’dera limodzi la Jiulongfeng, midzi iwiri idalandira udindo wa chigawo cha “mudzi umodzi — chinthu chimodzi” chifukwa cha tiyi — wofiira ndi wamasamba akuluakulu.
Malinga ndi lipoti la 2025, boma la Huidong linkadikira chigamulo pa mapempho asanu a zizindikiro — atatu a tiyi ndi awiri omwe si a tiyi.
Nsonga yayikulu ya phiri la Jiulongfeng ndi 563 m, ndipo minda ya m’derali, malinga ndi tsamba la alendo, ili pa 200–300 m kokha.

12. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Ena

Hui Dong Xianren Cha (惠东仙人茶): Chizindikiro cholembetsedwa cha boma lomwelo cha tiyi wochokera ku anthu am’deralo a Xianren Cha.
Huizhou Yancha (惠州岩茶): Oolong wa mtundu wa Wuyi wochokera ku mapiri a danxia pafupi ndi nkhokwe ya Baipenzhu; pempho la chizindikiro linalandiridwa pamodzi ndi la Nan Shan.
Baipenzhu Hengkeng Cha (白盆珠横坑茶): Tiyi wobiriwira wa mudzi wa Hengkeng wa boma lomwelo; nayenso ndi pempho, osati chizindikiro.
Hui Dong Lü Cha (惠东绿茶): Nkhani ya corpus yokhudza tiyi wobiriwira wa boma lonse — dzina lophatikiza lopanda chitetezo.

Pomaliza:

Hui Dong Nan Shan Cha pano ndi dzina lopanda chizindikiro: pempho lalandiridwa, koma dera, gulu ndi maonekedwe a chinthu sinafalitsidwe. Kumbuyo kwake kuli dera la Jiulongfeng kumadzulo kwa mapiri a Lianhuashan — minda pa 200–300 m pakati pa nkhalango, “Nan Shan ecological valley” yokhala ndi 2000 mu ya minda, kusamalira ndi kuthyola ndi manja, mizere ya magulu anayi a tiyi ndi chikondwerero cha kuyamba kuthyola pa tsiku la vernal equinox. Kuti chizindikirocho chidzateteza chiyani, zidzadziwika pokhapokha pambuyo pa kulembetsa.