xūnyīcǎo

Lavenda ndi imodzi mwa maluwa owuma odziwika bwino kwambiri a “tiyi” pa shelufu, koma mu dongosolo la Chitchaina la mitundu ya tiyi ilibe mzere wake: si tsamba la tiyi, ndipo mu kanoni ya 花茶 (huāchá – tiyi wothira maluwa), yomwe idamangidwa mozungulira jasmine ndi luso la 窨制 (yìnzhì), salowamo. Tikupenda chifukwa chake komanso momwe tingayankhulire molondola za lavenda mkati mwa encyclopedia ya tiyi wa Chitchaina.

Kumene lavenda imayima mu dongosolo

Dongosolo la Chitchaina limakhazikika pa magulu asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira a tiyi, pomwe lachisanu ndi chiwiri limawonjezedwa, loyima palokha, — 再加工茶 (zàijiāgōng chá), “tiyi wokonzedwanso”. Ndilo limene 花茶 amalowamo: maziko a tiyi okonzedwa kale 茶坯 (chápēi) amadzazidwa ndi fungo la maluwa amoyo. Mawu ofunika ndi “wa tiyi”: popanda tsamba la Camellia sinensis, maluwa owuma aliwonse sangalowe mu gulu ili.

Lavenda mulibe m’ndandanda wa 花茶 wachikhalidwe. Maluwa ovomerezeka a fungo ndi awa — 茉莉 (mòlì, jasmine, wa masamba amodzi ndi awiri), 桂花 (guìhuā, osmanthus — 金桂/银桂/丹桂), 玫瑰 (méiguī, rozi, makamaka wofiira wa masamba ambiri ndi wa Pingyin), 白兰 (báilán, magnolia yoyera), 珠兰 (zhūlán, chloranthus, 金粟兰), 玳玳花 (dàidàihuā, maluwa a lalanje wowawa) ndi wapadera 柚子花 (yòuzihuā, maluwa a manyuchi). Mndandandawu ndi wotsekedwa mwambiri ndi mbiri komanso luso, osati chifukwa cha kukoma kokha: maluwa onsewa amapereka fungo logwira ntchito pa 窨 (yìn, kudzazitsa), kuphatikizapo mobwerezabwereza, ndipo amapirira njira ya mafakitale.

Fanizo lapafupi kwa lavenda ndi udindo wa 菊花 (chrysanthemum). Mu tebulo lathu la mitundu ya 花茶, chrysanthemum amalembedwa ngati malire ndi chenjezo lachindunji: 菊花 yokha si tsamba la tiyi, ndipo 菊普 (jú pǔ) ndi kusakaniza kwa chrysanthemum ndi shu puer, kutanthauza kuti ndi blend, osati 窨-product. Lavenda amayima pa shelufu yomweyo, koma kutali kwambiri ndi axis ya tiyi: alibe mbiri ya tiyi ku China, komanso alibe awiri okhazikika a “maluwa + 茶坯” ndi dzina lovomerezeka. Chifukwa chake mu dongosolo lathu amakhala mu gawo la maluwa ndi zophatikiza zouma, osati mu 花茶.

Kodi 窨制 ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani lavenda sanalowemo

Luso la 花茶 si kungosakaniza. Maziko (makamaka 烘青绿茶, hōngqīng lǜchá — tiyi wobiriwira wouma m’ng’anjo; amapezekanso maziko ofiira, a oolong ndi oyera) amasungidwa pamodzi ndi maluwa amoyo ndipo amatenga fungo lake; kwa zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri — monga 茉莉龙珠, 银针, 大白毫 — kuzungulira kwa 窨 kumabwerezedwa kangapo. Zotsatira zake zimafotokozedwa ndi mwambi wakale wa m’misiri: 窨得茉莉无上味 — “kudzazitsa kotero kuti jasmine apereke kukoma kopanda cholakwika”, pamene maluwa enieniwo m’thiyi womalizidwa sangawonekere mwakuthupi.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake maluwa owuma ochuluka mu kapu si chizindikiro cha ubwino wa 花茶. Gulu lokhalo pamene maluwa owuma amalowetsedwa mwadala ndikukhala m’chinthucho ndi 工艺花茶 / 开花茶 (gōngyì huāchá / kāihuā chá), zomanga zamanja zopangidwa kuchokera ku 干花 (maluwa owuma) ndi masamba amodzi obiriwira, zinthu zokongoletsera, zodziwika kuchokera ku m’misiri ya 黄山 ndi 金华.

Lavenda, ngati amapezeka konse m’ndandanda wamalonda a tiyi wa Chitchaina, amakhala malinga ndi mfundo za 工艺花茶 ndi 菊普 nthawi imodzi: ndi gawo lokongoletsera louma, kapena gawo la blend, lowonjezeredwa ku tiyi wokonzedwa kale pambuyo pa njira zonse. Chifukwa chake n’chosavuta kumvetsa: fungo la lavenda ndi lolimba kwambiri komanso la “perfume”, silo pereka fungo pang’onopang’ono monga jasmine kapena osmanthus, koma limalamulira, kuphimba mbiri ya 茶坯. Kwa 花茶, kumene 鲜灵浓醇 (xiān líng nóng chún — kutsitsimuka, “kukhala ndi moyo”, kukhuthala, kuyera kwa kukoma) amayamikiridwa ndi maziko a tiyi osungidwa, khalidwe lotere la maluwa ndi cholakwika, osati ubwino.

Zopangira ndi geography

Kulankhula za munda wa lavenda ngati terroir ya tiyi n’kosalondola: magulu a terroir mu dongosolo la tiyi la Chitchaina amafotokoza chitsamba cha tiyi, osati maluwa opereka fungo. Kwa 花茶, geography mwachikhalidwe ndi iwiri: dera la maluwa ndi dera la 茶坯. Axis ya jasmine ndi 福州, 横县 ndipo kwakukulu Guangxi, 苏州; osmanthus amalumikizidwa ndi 桂林, 咸宁 ndi 苏州; rozi — ndi 平阴 (Shandong) ndi Guangdong; 白兰 — ndi Guangzhou ndi Suzhou; 珠兰 — ndi 歙县 mu Huizhou yakale ndi Fuzhou; 玳玳花 — ndi Jiangsu ndi Zhejiang; 柚子花 — ndi Fujian ndi Guangdong; zokongoletsera 工艺花茶 — ndi 黄山 ndi 金华. Lavenda mulibe mu grid iyi, ndipo palibe “malo a 窨 a lavenda” a mbiri mu ntchito ya tiyi ya Chitchaina.

Chomwe chilipo ndi lavenda ngati katundu wa msika wa maluwa owuma ndi zosakaniza za zitsamba; udindo wa chidziwitso chotere ndi wa msika ndi anthu (zizindikiro M/C), osati wokhazikika (O). Kwa encyclopedia, kusiyanitsa kumene kuli kofunika: maluwa owuma ngati katundu ≠ 花茶 ngati gulu la tiyi.

Miyezo: zomwe zingatheke ndi zomwe sizingatheke kunenedwa

Malo okhazikitsidwa mwalamulo, ovomerezeka mkati mwa 花茶 ndi 茉莉花茶 (mòlì huāchá), mtundu waukulu wa gululi; mizere ina yonse ya tebulo imakhazikika pa mbiri ya msika ndi mbiri yakale. Lavenda sanatchulidwe konse mu chimango ichi, chifukwa chake:

• chakumwa chochokera ku lavenda yokha si tiyi m’lingaliro la dongosolo la tiyi la dziko, koma infusion ya zitsamba;
• kusakaniza “tiyi + lavenda yowuma” ndi blend (malinga ndi mfundo za 菊普), ndipo kugulitsa ngati 花茶 popanda kuzungulira kwa 窨 kochitidwa n’kosalondola;
• manambala a miyezo, “mitundu” ndi 唛号 (màihào) a lavenda kulibe — ngati wogulitsa akupereka, ndi chifukwa chofunsa mafunso.

Kukoma, kuphika, zophatikiza

Mbiri ya lavenda yowuma ndi yothithikana ya maluwa ndi zitsamba, ndi nsonga yomveka ya utomoni, pansi pa uchi ndi zokometsera, ndi kuwawa kowoneka pakuthira mopitirira. Uwu ndi mtundu womwewo wa vuto monga 玳玳花, amene mbiri yake mu typology yathu imafotokozedwa ngati ya citrus ndi yowawa: maluwa okhala ndi khalidwe, ofuna malamulo a mlingo.

Zowongolera zothandiza pa blend:

• Mlingo. Lavenda amagwira ntchito ngati kutsindika, osati ngati maziko: maluwa ochepa pa gawo la tiyi. Kupitirira kumadya 茶坯 nthawi yomweyo.
• Kutentha ndi nthawi. Kuphika kwaufupi; fungo limaperekedwa mofulumira, ndipo kuwawa kumafika pambuyo pake, choncho kuphika kwanthawi yayitali n’kosathandiza.
• Maziko. Mfundo za mitundu yachikhalidwe zimasonyeza kuti maziko othithikana amasunga maluwa amphamvu bwino: monga rozi mwachikhalidwe ankayenda pa 红茶坯 (玫瑰红茶), ndipo osmanthus pa oolong ndi wofiira (桂花乌龙, 桂花红), momwemonso lavenda amamveka bwino ndi tiyi wofiira kapena maziko akuda, osati ndi 花茶坯 wobiriwira wosakhwima.
• Zoyenera kupewa. Kuphatikiza kwa lavenda ndi 茉莉花茶: mitsinje iwiri yamphamvu ya maluwa imatsutsana, ndipo 鲜灵 (kutsitsimuka kwamoyo) kwa jasmine kumazimitsidwa.

Encyclopedia siyipanga zonenazo zokhudza ntchito kapena thanzi: lavenda pano amaganiziridwa kokha ngati zinthu za fungo ndi kukoma.

Momwe mungasiyanitsire ndi momwe mungapewere kunyengedwa

1. Maluwa owuma omwe. Lavenda amadziwika osati ndi “petal”, koma ndi spike: timasupe tating’ono m’makapu othithikana, mtundu wa buluu ndi violet ndi imvi, matsinde osweka, tizigawo tating’ono ta masamba a mtundu wa buluu wobiriwira. Fungo ndi lotsekemera ndi utomoni, limawonekera pakupukuta. “Daisies” ozungulira — ndi chrysanthemum, masamba akuluakulu othithikana — rozi, nyenyezi zazing’ono zoyera — jasmine kapena 珠兰.

2. Chinthu. Ngati mu paketi mukuoneka maluwa owuma ochuluka, ndipo dzina likunena kuti ndi 花茶 wachikhalidwe, ndi blend. Chinthu chenicheni cha 窨 chimadziwika chifukwa fungo limakhala mu tsamba la tiyi, ndipo maluwa mkati mwake pafupifupi kulibe.

3. Terminology. Mawu olondola a malo a lavenda ndi awa — “infusion ya zitsamba”, “blend ndi tiyi”, “chinthu chokongoletsera cha mtundu wa 工艺花茶”. Osalondola — “lavenda 花茶 wa gulu lapamwamba 窨制”, “lavenda puer malinga ndi muyezo”, zilembo zilizonse za manambala.

4. Zoyembekeza. Lavenda sapereka kapangidwe ka tiyi: popanda 茶坯 mu kapu sipadzakhala kuthandizira kwa tannin kapena kukoma kotsatira kwa mtundu wa tiyi. Uwu ndi mtundu wodziyimira pawokha wa chakumwa, ndipo kuwunika malinga ndi sikelo ya 花茶 n’kopanda tanthauzo — monga momwe ziliri mosemphanitsa.

Chidule

Lavenda mu nkhani ya tiyi wa Chitchaina ndi maluwa owuma owona mtima ndi gawo la blend lamalire, osati membala wa banja la 花茶. Malo ake amatsimikiziridwa ndi lamulo lomwelo monga la chrysanthemum: maluwa opanda tsamba la tiyi sapanga gulu la tiyi, ndipo kuwonjezera maluwa ku tiyi wokonzedwa kale pambuyo pa kukonza ndi blending, osati 窨制. Chimango chotere sichichepetsa infusions za lavenda, koma zimangowayika pamene amawerengedwa molondola: mu gawo la maluwa ndi zophatikiza zouma, pafupi ndi zinthu zokongoletsera ndi za blend, ndikusunga kwa 茉莉花茶 ndi abale ake udindo wa gulu la tiyi lovomerezeka.

the teas described here are available from teamotea