IXianrenzhang Cha · thetea.app

I-Xianrenzhang Cha (仙人掌茶, xiānrénzhǎng chá — “Intende yesandla sika-Immortal”) iwukuphela kwetiye emlandweni eliqanjwe mathupha yimbongi enkulu u-Li Bai (李白, Lǐ Bái, 701–762). Idalwe ngo-760 ngumfundisi u-Zhongfu (中孚禅师, Zhōngfú Chánshī) — umshana ka-Li Bai ngokozalo luka-Li — esigodlweni seBuddhist i-Yuquansi (玉泉寺, “Umthombo we-Jade”) esifundazweni sase-Hubei, leli tiye lazuza igama nokungafi ngenxa yenkondlo ka-Li Bai eyabhalwa e-Nanjing ngemva kokunambitha: imbongi yaqamba leli tiye ngokuthi “Intende yesandla sika-Immortal” ngenxa yokuma okuyisicaba, okufana nentende evulekile. Leli ngelinye lamatiye aluhlaza aseShayina ambalwa akhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe bokushisa ngesitimu (蒸青, zhēngqīng) — indlela yasendulo yokulungisa ngesitimu, eyazuzwa njengefa kusukela enkathini yeTang, esezindaweni eziningi zaseShayina kudala yathathelwa indawo wukugazinga.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavutshelwanga). Lihlanganiswa namatiye aluhlaza ashiswe ngesitimu (蒸青绿茶, zhēngqīng lǜchá) — ukulungiswa kwama-enzyme kwenziwa ngesitimu, hhayi ngokugazinga ebhodweni. Ngokuma — liyisicaba, “elifana nentende” (掌形, zhǎngxíng).
Isigaba: Umkhiqizo wokukhomba indawo kazwelonke (国家地理标志保护产品, 2015). Ngo-2014 ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bafakwa kwiRejista yamagugu angaphatheki esiko le-PRC ezingeni likahulumeni (国家级非物质文化遗产). Ngo-1985 — “Indebe Yegolide” yesifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北省”金杯奖”). “I-gongcha” yomlando (贡茶) yezinkathi zeMing neQing.
Imvelaphi: I-Shayina, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, Húběi), idolobha lase-Dangyang (当阳市, Dāngyáng Shì). Indawo yokukhomba indawo — wonke umasipala wedolobha lase-Dangyang. Umnyombo we-terroir — umthambeka oseningizimu wentaba i-Yuquanshan (玉泉山, Yùquán Shān), indawo yesigodlo seBuddhist i-Yuquansi kanye nemizana eseduze (玉泉村, 百宝寨村), eduze komthombo odumile we-Pearl (珍珠泉, Zhēnzhū Quán).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: 111°59′07″—112°09′22″ ubude basempumalanga, 31°14′06″—31°34′53″ ububanzi basenyakatho.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko

Umlando: Cishe ngo-760 (isikhathi se-Shangyuan, 上元, inkathi yeTang) umfundisi weBuddhist u-Zhongfu (中孚禅师), owayengowozalo lukaLi (李) — umndeni owodwa nembongi u-Li Bai, — waqoqa amaqabunga amasha ezihlahleni zetiye ezikhula eMgedeni weMilk Grotto (乳窟洞, Rǔkū Dòng) endaweni yesigodlo i-Yuquansi, wenza itiye eliyisicaba elinokuma okungavamile, okufana nentende evulekile.

U-Zhongfu waletha leli tiye e-Nanjing (金陵, Jīnlíng) walinikisa isihlobo sakhe esidumile — imbongi enkulu u-Li Bai (李白). U-Li Bai walinambitha, wahlabeka umxhwele ngokuma nokunambitheka kwalo, futhi walinika mathupha igama elithi “I-Xianrenzhang” (仙人掌, “Intende yesandla sika-Immortal”) — ngenxa yokuma okuyisicaba, okufana nentende evulekile ye-Immortal yobuDao. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Li Bai wabhala inkondlo enikezelwe kuleli tiye, — “Izinkondlo eziyisipho, ezihambisana netiye ‘Intende yesandla sika-Immortal’ lika-fundisi-umshana u-Zhongfu” (答族侄僧中孚赠玉泉仙人掌茶序). Lena enye yezinkondlo zetiye zakuqala nezidume kakhulu emibhalweni yamaShayina. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, leli tiye lazuza igama nokungafi kwezincwadi.

Ezinkathini zeMing neQing, i-Xianrenzhang Cha yafakwa ohlwini lweminikelo yombusi (贡茶). Isazi semithi esikhulu u-Li Shizhen (李时珍, Lǐ Shízhēn) ku-”Bencao Gangmu” (本草纲目) wabhala: “Phakathi kwamatiye ombuso wakwaChu kukhona ‘Intende yesandla sika-Immortal’ yase-Jingzhou” (楚之茶，则有荆州之仙人掌).

Ekhulwini lama-20: ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka okwehla, ukukhiqizwa kwavuselelwa ngo-1981. Ngo-1985 — umklomelo wesifundazwe. Ngo-2014 — ubuchwepheshe bafakwa kwiRejista yamagugu angaphatheki esiko le-PRC ezingeni likahulumeni. Ngo-2015 — ukuvikelwa kokukhomba indawo.

Igama:
“Xianren” (仙人) — “i-immortal, isidalwa sasezulwini”: umfanekiso wobuDao wesidalwa esithole ukungafi.
- “Zhang” (掌) — “intende yesandla”: ichaza ukuma okuyisicaba kweqabunga letiye, okufana nentende evulekile.
- Igama lanikezwa mathupha ngu-Li Bai — imbongi enkulu kunazo zonke emlandweni wamaShayina. Lesi yisibonelo esisodwa kuphela esaziwayo lapho itiye laqanjwa khona yimbongi yalolu hlobo.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Xianrenzhang Cha — itiye “elinepasipoti yezincwadi” eyingqayizivele: inkondlo ka-Li Bai yaliguqula lisuka esiphuzweni sesigodlo laba yingxenye yamasiko yomhlaba jikelele. Isigodlo i-Yuquansi — esinye sezindlu zeBuddhist ezindala kakhulu eShayina (yasungulwa ngo-593), kanti umthombo wayo wePearl — indawo yemvelo edumile. Ubuchwepheshe bokushisa ngesitimu (蒸青) — “insalela ephilayo” yenkathi yeTang: kwakuyile ndlela eyayisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sikaLi Bai noLu Yu, futhi kamuva yayiswa eJapan, lapho yaba yisisekelo sokukhiqizwa kwe-sencha ne-gyokuro.

3. Incazelo yeBotanical kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe

I-cultivar: I-Yuquanshan Quntizhong (玉泉山群体种) — uhlobo lwendawo lwendabuko lwamaqabunga aphakathi lwe-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis yohlobo lwesihlahla. Iqabunga — liyi-elliptic, linenyama. Isikhathi sokukhula ngenkuthalo — kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba. Ukumelana okuphezulu nezimo ezingezinhle. Kubonakala ngekhono eliphezulu lokumunca i-selenium emhlabathini (硒吸收率较高).
Ukuqoqwa: Okwasentwasahlobo — okuyinhloko. Ebangeni eliphezulu (特级) — ihlumela elilodwa elineqabunga elilodwa, “ihlumela elide kuneqabunga” (芽长于叶). Uboya — obuningi, obumhlophe. Ebangeni lokuqala — ihlumela elilodwa elineqabunga elilodwa noma amabili. Ebangeni lesibili — ihlumela elilodwa elinamaqabunga amabili noma amathathu.
Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe: Amahlumela athambile, afanayo angenamaqabunga ansomi, ukulimala kwezinambuzane nezifo. Ukucutshungulwa — ngosuku lokuqoqwa.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshalwa

Isimo sezulu: I-subtropical humid monsoon. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka — 16.4°C, imvula yonyaka — 1250 mm, umswakama ohlobene — ≥78%.
Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: 400–800 amamitha ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Umnyombo — umthambeka oseningizimu wentaba i-Yuquanshan.
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ephuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤) nenhlabathi ebomvu enesihlabathi (红砂岩风化沙质土), i-pH 4.5–6.5. Okuqukethwe yizinto eziphilayo — ≥1.5%.
Izici eziyingqayizivele: Izihosha zezintaba zihlale zimbozwe amafu nenkungu. Imithombo eminingi engaphansi komhlaba, kuhlanganise nomthombo odumile we-Pearl (珍珠泉) — amanzi acwebile, acebile ngamaminerali. Ukuminyana kwehlathi — 70%, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300 zezihlahla (kuhlanganise ne-laurel ne-lotus) zakha i-ecosystem eyingqayizivele “yehlathi eliphakeme elinamafu” (高山云雾).

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza

I-Xianrenzhang Cha — elinye lamatiye aluhlaza ambalwa esimanje aseShayina asebenzisa ukulungiswa ngesitimu (蒸青, zhēngqīng) — indlela lapho amaqabunga acutshungulwa ngesitimu esishisayo, hhayi ngokugazinga ebhodweni. Lobu buchwepheshe — ifa eliqondile lenkathi yeTang, lezikhathi zikaLi Bai noLu Yu.

Ukulungiswa ngesitimu (蒸汽杀青 — zhēngqì shāqīng): Ku-100°C, ubude besikhathi — imizuzwana engu-50–60. Isitimu senza ama-enzyme angasebenzi ngokushesha, kugcinwa umbala oluhlaza ogqamile (锁鲜保”三绿”) — “okuluhlaza okuthathu”: iqabunga elomile eliluhlaza, ukumnika okuluhlaza, indawo yetiye eluhlaza. Ukushisa ngesitimu yikho okuveza “okuluhlaza okuthathu” — isici esingatholakali ngokulungisa ngokugazinga.
Ukupholisa ngomoya (扇凉 — shànliáng): Ngemva kokushisa ngesitimu, amaqabunga apholiswa ngokushesha ngomoya.
Ukugazinga nokubumba (炒青做形 — chǎoqīng zuòxíng): Izigaba ezintathu:
- Ukugazinga kokuqala (头青): “Ukunyakazisa nokuhlakaza” (抖散, dǒusàn) — ukwahlukanisa amaqabunga anamathelene.
- Ukugazinga kwesibili (二青): Ukushintshanisa “ukunyakazisa” nok “utomula” (抖闷结合) — ukuthuthukisa iphunga.
- Ukubumba (做形): Isu eliyinhloko — “u-抓按” (zhuā àn, “ukubamba nokucindezela”) — umkhiqizi ubamba amaqabunga awacindezele odongeni lwebhodwe, ebumba isimo esiyisicaba “esifana nentende” (掌形, zhǎngxíng). Lonke uhlelo lwenziwa ngesandla, ngokulawula okunembile kwezinga lokushisa ukuvimbela ukubabomvu kweqabunga.
Ukomisa nokuqinisa isimo (烘干定型 — hōnggān dìngxíng): Ku-70°C kuze kufinyelele umswakama ≤5%.

6. Izici ze-Organoleptic

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amacembe etiye ayisicaba, aqondile, alinganayo anesimo esiyisici “esifana nentende” (掌形, zhǎngxíng — isimo sentende evulekile). Umbala — oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqamile (翠绿). Uboya obuningi besiliva (显毫). “Okuluhlaza okuthathu” (三绿, sān lǜ): iqabunga elomile eliluhlaza, ukumnika okuluhlaza, indawo yetiye eluhlaza — uphawu lobuchwepheshe bokushisa ngesitimu.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elihlanzekile, elicolekile (清香雅淡, qīngxiāng yǎdàn). Inothi elincane “lelanga” (日晒气, rìshài qì) — iphunga elicolekile, eliyingqayizivele lamatiye aluhlaza ashiswe ngesitimu.
Iphunga lokumnika: Elihlanzekile, eliqinile, ngobusha obucolekile obuluhlaza. Ngaphandle kwamaphunga “okugazinga” — umphumela wokulungisa ngesitimu, hhayi ngokugazinga.
Ukunambitheka: Okusha nokunomsoco (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng), okumnandi (甘, gān), okugcwele (醇厚, chúnhòu), ngobumnandi obubuyayo obugqamile (回甘, huígān). Ubumuncu buncane kakhulu. Ukunambitheka “kuluhlaza” futhi “kuhlanzekile” kakhulu kunamatiye agazingiwe — ngaphandle kwamaphunga e-castnut ne-nut, ayisici se-”炒青”.
Umbala wokumnika: Oluhlaza othambile, ogqamile futhi osobala (嫩绿明亮) — oluhlaza kakhulu kunamatiye agazingiwe, ngenxa yokugcinwa okuphezulu kwe-chlorophyll ngesikhathi sokushisa ngesitimu.
Indawo yetiye: Amahlumela athambile, afanayo anombala oluhlaza ogqamile — okwesithathu “kokuluhlaza okuthathu”.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Ubuchwepheshe bokushisa ngesitimu (蒸青) bugcina ngokuphelele iphrofayili yamakhemikhali yeqabunga elisha:

Ama-polyphenol (ama-catechin): Okuqukethwe kubalulekile. Ukushisa ngesitimu kugcina ama-catechin esimweni esingaxutshwanga kangako kunokugazinga.
Ama-amino acid (kuhlanganise ne-L-theanine): Okuqukethwe okuphezulu — ukulungisa ngesitimu ku-100°C kuyawaphathela kahle kakhulu ama-amino acid abuthaka ekushiseni kunokugazinga ku-140–200°C.
I-Chlorophyll: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu — ukushisa ngesitimu kugcina umbala oluhlaza ngokuphelele. I-Chlorophyll inquma umbala oluhlaza ogqamile wokumnika.
Ama-flavonoid (黄酮类, huángtóng lèi): Okuqukethwe okuphezulu. Ngokocwaningo, i-Xianrenzhang Cha inomsebenzi obalulekile ngokumelene namagciwane omkhuhlane nama-streptococcus — umphumela uhlotshaniswa nama-flavonoid ne-chlorogenic acid (绿原酸, lǜyuánsuān).
I-Chlorogenic acid (绿原酸): Okuqukethwe okuphezulu — i-anti-inflammatory ne-antioxidant agent.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine — okuqukethwe okulingene.
Amavithamini: U-vitamin C (ogcinwe ngokuphelele ngenxa yokulungisa okuthambile ngesitimu).

8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo

Ukupholisa nokukhipha ubuthi (清热解毒): Izakhiwo zendabuko zetiye eliluhlaza elishiswe ngesitimu.
Ukuvula imigudu yokuphefumula (止嗽平喘): Imithi yendabuko ithi leli tiye likwazi ukudambisa ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula kanzima.
Umsebenzi we-antioxidant: Ama-polyphenol + ama-flavonoid + i-chlorogenic acid — i-antioxidant eyinkimbinkimbi kathathu.
Ukulawula izinga likashukela nama-lipid (降血糖血脂): Ama-polyphenol ne-chlorogenic acid.
Umsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane: Ama-flavonoid ne-chlorogenic acid acindezela kakhulu amagciwane omkhuhlane nama-streptococcus.
Kubalulekile: izakhiwo ezibaluliwe zisekelwe emininingwaneni etholakala emphakathini futhi akuzona izincomo zezokwelapha.

9. Ukuphisa

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 85–90°C.
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml wamanzi (isilinganiso 1:50).
Izitsha: Ingilazi yeglasi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe ye-porcelain.
Inqubo:

Fudumeza izitsha, ukhiphe amanzi. 2. Faka itiye. 3. Thela amanzi ku-1/3 yevolumu, “mambisa” itiye imizuzwana engu-30. 4. Thela kuze kufinyelele ku-7/10 yevolumu. Ukutheleka kokuqala — imizuzwana engu-20. 5. Okulandelayo — yandisa ngemizuzwana engu-10. Itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuphisa oku-3.

Qaphela: itiye elisanda kuthengwa kunconywa ukuba lilindwe cishe amasonto amabili ukuze “kudlule iphunga lokushisa”. Lapho uhlola itiye, qaphela ukungabikho kwesikhunta — hlukanisa uboya obumhlophe bemvelo (白毫) kusuka embalini yesikhunta (霉斑).

10. Ukugcinwa

Gcina kuvaliwe, endaweni emnyama, eyomile futhi epholile, kude namaphunga angaphandle.
Okuhle kakhulu — esiqandisini ku-0–5°C.
Isikhathi sokugcina — kuze kufinyelele ezinyangeni eziyi-12.
Ngemva kokuvula — sebenzisa phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-1–2.

11. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa

I-Xianrenzhang Cha — itiye elinokukhiqizwa okulinganiselwe: umnyombo — indawo yesigodlo i-Yuquansi nemizana eseduze. Amabanga amathathu (特级, 一级, 二级).

Ukwazi ukugwema ukukhwabanisa:
Thenga kubadayisi abathembekile abanophawu lokukhomba indawo lwedolobha laseDangyang.
- Hlola isimo: “intende yesandla” eyisicaba — isimo esiyingqayizivele, esingatholakali kwamanye amatiye. Amacembe asontiwe noma amise okwenaliti — uhlobo oluhlukile lwetiye.
- Hlola “okuluhlaza okuthathu”: iqabunga eliluhlaza, ukumnika okuluhlaza, indawo eluhlaza. Ukuba phuzi kokumnika — uphawu lwetiye elingashisiwe ngesitimu, kodwa eligazingiwe.
- Hlola iphunga: elihlanzekile, elicolekile, ngaphandle kwamaphunga “okugazinga”. Iphunga le-castnut noma likabhontshisi — uhlobo oluhlukile lobuchwepheshe.
- Naka intengo: ephansi ngokukhwabanisa — uphawu lokukhwabanisa.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo

Iwaphela kuphela itiye eliqanjwe mathupha ngu-Li Bai — imbongi enkulu kunazo zonke yeTang, omunye “wabangcwele ababili” bezinkondlo zamaShayina (kanye no-Du Fu). Inkondlo kaLi Bai “答族侄僧中孚赠玉泉仙人掌茶序” — enye yezincwadi zetiye zakuqala nezidume kakhulu emibhalweni yomhlaba.
Umfundisi u-Zhongfu (中孚禅师) — akagcini nje ngokuba ngumfundisi weBuddhist, kepha uyisihlobo sikaLi Bai ngokozalo lukaLi (族侄, “umshana ngokozalo”). Ngakho, umlando wetiye futhi ungumlando wobudlelwano bomndeni phakathi kwezicukuthwane zamaShayina zekhulu le-8.
Ubuchwepheshe bokushisa ngesitimu (蒸青) — “insalela ephilayo” yenkathi yeTang. Kwakuyile ndlela eyayisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sikaLi Bai noLu Yu. Ejapane yayiswa ekhulwini le-12–13 futhi yaba yisisekelo sokukhiqizwa kwe-sencha, gyokuro kanye ne-matcha. EShayina uqobo, ukugazinga (炒青) kwathatha indawo yokushisa ngesitimu cishe yonke indawo — kepha i-Xianrenzhang Cha yagcina indlela yasendulo.
U-Li Shizhen — umbhali we-”Bencao Gangmu”, incwadi enkulu yezemithi — wahlukanisa ngokukhethekile i-Xianrenzhang Cha njenge “tiye lombuso wakwaChu” (楚之茶).
Isigodlo i-Yuquansi — esinye sezindlu zeBuddhist ezindala kakhulu eShayina (yasungulwa ngo-593), kanti umthombo wayo wePearl (珍珠泉) — indawo yemvelo lapho amabhamuza aphuma emhlabathini, afana namaparele.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza ashiswe ngesitimu (蒸青) kanye “nawaqanjwe ngegama”

I-Enshi Yu Lu (恩施玉露): Evela eHubei. Nayo ishiswe ngesitimu (蒸青), nayo ingeyaseHubei. I-Yu Lu — imise okwenaliti, “enesimo saseJapan”; i-Xianrenzhang — isicaba, “esifana nentende”, enomoya weTang.
I-Sencha yaseJapan (煎茶, Sencha): Nayo ishiswe ngesitimu (蒸し製). Kepha i-sencha — “yasolwandle” futhi “igxile ku-umami”; i-Xianrenzhang — “ihlanzekile” kakhulu futhi icolekile, “nenothi lelanga”.
I-Nanjing Yu Hua Cha (南京雨花茶): Evela eNanjing — idolobha lapho u-Li Bai aliqamba khona leli tiye. I-Yu Hua Cha — igazingiwe, imise okwenaliti; i-Xianrenzhang — ishiswe ngesitimu, isicaba. Ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile, kepha — ukuxhumana okufanayo neNanjing.
I-Long Jing (龙井): Nayo isicaba, kepha — igazingiwe (炒青), inephunga le-bhontshisi ne-castnut eligqamile. I-Long Jing — “ehlelekile” futhi “ine-umami”; i-Xianrenzhang — “ihlanzekile” kakhulu, ngaphandle kwamaphunga okugazinga, “nokuluhlaza okuthathu” kohlobo lokushisa ngesitimu.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Xianrenzhang Cha — itiye elinikezwe ukungafi yimbongi enkulu kunazo zonke yaseShayina. Ngenkathi ngo-760 u-Li Bai emukela esandleni somfundisi-umshana iqabunga eliluhlaza eliyisicaba, elifana nentende yesandla se-Immortal yobuDao, akazange nje alinike igama — walibhala itiye ku-pantheon yezinkondlo zamaShayina. Emakhulwini ayishumi nambili eminyaka kamuva, “Intende yesandla sika-Immortal” isakhiqizwa emthambekeni ofanayo wentaba i-Yuquan, emthonjeni ofanayo wePearl, ngobuchwepheshe obufanayo bokushisa ngesitimu obabusetshenziswa ngesikhathi se-”Canon of Tea”. “Okuluhlaza kwayo okuthathu” — iqabunga eliluhlaza, ukumnika okuluhlaza, indawo eluhlaza — akusona nje isici esibonakalayo, kodwa ukuxhumana okubambekayo nenkathi yeTang: nesikhathi lapho itiye lalishiswa ngesitimu, hhayi ngokugazingwa, lapho izimbongi zaziqamba amatiye, futhi abafundisi babewadala. Kulabo abafuna hhayi nje isiphuzo, kodwa ukuthinta umlando wezinkulungwane zeminyaka — i-Xianrenzhang Cha, itiye elivela entendeni yesandla sika-Immortal, lilindile enkomishini yalo ye-jade.

14. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza ashiswe ngesitimu (蒸青) kanye “nawaqanjwe ngegama”

I-Enshi Yùlù (恩施玉露): Evela eHubei. Nayo ishiswe ngesitimu (蒸青), nayo ingeyaseHubei. I-Yulu — imise okwenaliti, “enesimo saseJapan”; i-Xianrenzhang — isicaba, “esifana nentende”, enomoya wenkathi yeTang.
I-Sencha yaseJapan (煎茶, Sencha): Nayo ishiswe ngesitimu (蒸し製). Kepha i-sencha — “yasolwandle” futhi “igxile ku-umami”; i-Xianrenzhang — “ihlanzekile” kakhulu futhi icolekile, “nenothi lelanga”.
I-Nánjīng Yǔhuā Chá (南京雨花茶): Evela eNanjing — idolobha lapho u-Li Bai aliqamba khona itiye. I-Yuhua Cha — igazingiwe, imise okwenaliti; i-Xianrenzhang — ishiswe ngesitimu, isicaba. Ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile, kepha — ukuxhumana okufanayo neNanjing.
I-Lóngjǐng (龙井): Nayo isicaba, kepha — igazingiwe (炒青), inephunga le-bhontshisi ne-castnut eligqamile. I-Longjing — “ehlelekile” futhi “ine-umami”; i-Xianrenzhang — “ihlanzekile” kakhulu, ngaphandle kwamaphunga okugazinga, “nokuluhlaza okuthathu” kohlobo lokushisa ngesitimu.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Xianrenzhang Cha — itiye elinikezwe ukungafi yimbongi enkulu kunazo zonke yaseShayina. Ngenkathi ngo-760 u-Li Bai emukela esandleni somfundisi-umshana wakhe iqabunga eliluhlaza eliyisicaba, elifana nentende yesandla se-Immortal yobuDao, akazange nje alinike igama — walibhala itiye ku-pantheon yezinkondlo zamaShayina. Emakhulwini ayishumi nambili eminyaka kamuva, “Intende yesandla sika-Immortal” isakhiqizwa emthambekeni ofanayo wentaba i-Yuquan, emthonjeni ofanayo wePearl, ngobuchwepheshe obufanayo bokushisa ngesitimu obabusetshenziswa ngesikhathi se-”Canon of Tea”. “Okuluhlaza kwayo okuthathu” — iqabunga eliluhlaza, ukumnika okuluhlaza, indawo yetiye eluhlaza — akusona nje isici esibonakalayo, kodwa ukuxhumana okubambekayo nenkathi yeTang: nesikhathi lapho itiye lalishiswa ngesitimu, hhayi ngokugazingwa, lapho izimbongi zaziqamba amatiye, futhi abafundisi babewadala. Kulabo abafuna hhayi nje isiphuzo, kodwa ukuthinta umlando wezinkulungwane zeminyaka — i-Xianrenzhang Cha, itiye elivela entendeni yesandla sika-Immortal, lilindile enkomishini yalo ye-jade.

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