---
title: "Zhōuxiàng fènghuáng chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhouxiang-fenghuang-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Zhōuxiàng fènghuáng chá (周巷凤凰茶)

**I-Zhouxiang Fenghuang Cha** (*Zhōuxiàng fènghuáng chá*, 周巷凤凰茶) itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lasedolobhaneni laseZhouxiang (周巷镇) esifundeni saseXiaochang (孝昌县) emkhandlwini wedolobha waseXiaogan enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe saseHubei, emaphethelweni aseningizimu ezintaba zaseDabie. Igama elithi «Fenghuang» lapha yigama lentaba yendawo iFenghuangshan (凤凰山), hhayi ukubhekisa emadancongwini aseGuangdong. Kusukela ngo-2014 leli tiye livikelwe njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo, kanti kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2024 kusebenza izinga lesifundazwe eliwubiza ngqo ngetiye eliluhlaza futhi libeka konke, kusukela kumacultivar nokuphakama kwezingadi kuya emazingeni okushisa okucubungula.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Izinga laseHubei i-DB42/T 2174—2023 lichaza umkhiqizo ovikelwe njengetiye eliluhlaza elitshalwe futhi lenziwa endaweni evikelwe.
* **Isigaba:** Umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (2014); izinga lesifundazwe (2023, lisebenza kusukela ngo-2024).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseHubei (湖北, *Húběi*), umkhandlu wedolobha waseXiaogan (孝感, *Xiàogǎn*), isifunda saseXiaochang (孝昌, *Xiàochāng*), idolobhana laseZhouxiang (周巷, *Zhōuxiàng*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Indawo yamanje yokuphatha yedolobhana laseZhouxiang; izinga liyichaza kanjalo ngokubhekisa esazisweni sokuvikela; ibalazwe lendawo lisethasiselweni sezinga.
* **Isimo sendawo:** Ngokombhalo ka-2019, isifunda saseXiaochang silele emthambekeni oseningizimu wezintaba zaseDabie nasemaphethelweni asenyakatho ethafeni laseJianghan; empumalanga sinomngcele nesifunda saseHuangpi sedolobha laseWuhan. Azikho izixhumanisi eziqondile zendawo ezitholakala emithonjeni etholakele.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Inganekwane yokuqala kwezingadi.** Umbhalo wesigaba sezokuvakasha sewebhusayithi «People's Daily Online» (2019) ulandisa ngombhalo oqoshiwe etsheni phambi kwethempeli entabeni yaseDawushan (大悟山): ngesikhathi samaMing, isikhulu sangaphambili uLi Daoyuan (李道元), owaba yindela ngaphansi kwegama elithi Sangwu (丧吾), waletha imbewu yetiye futhi wasungula izingadi endaweni yezintaba zaseDawushan neFenghuangshan. Kuthiwa futhi isikhulu saseMing uMao Kun (茅坤) ngokwakhe wayelima izingadi zetiye zalapha. Angizange ngiwubone umbhalo wetshe.
    * **I-Qing.** Ngokombhalo ofanayo, izintaba nezingadi zetiye zale ndawo zidwetshwe emgomeni othi «Jiangshan woyoutu» (江山卧游图) womdwebi waseQing uCheng Zhengkui (程正揆), ogcinwe emnyuziyamu weGugong. Umbhalo wesifunda we«Xiaogan xianzhi» wehlelo lonyaka wesishiyagalombili weGuangxu (1882) ucaphuna inkondlo ethi «Ukunambitha itiye esigodlweni saseGucheng» (古城庵试茶); umbhalo uthatha lokhu njengobufakazi bokuthi esigodlweni saseGucheng eFenghuangshan kwase kuvele kunezingadi zetiye.
    * **Ama-1990.** Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990, edolobhaneni kwavela inkampani yetiye enophawu lwentengiso oluthi «尖峰» (*Jiānfēng*, «isiqongo esibukhali»); umbhalo ubala imiklomelo yayo yesifundazwe ka-2009.
    * **2014.** I-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) ngesaziso sika-2014 № 55 yavikela iZhouxiang Fenghuang Cha njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
    * **2015.** Igama elingumakhelwane elithi «[孝昌凤凰山茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiaochang-fenghuangshan-cha)» labhaliswa njengophawu lwesitifiketi; ngawo lowo nyaka isifunda sathola omunye umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo, i-«[观音湖绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/guanyinhu-lucha)» (isaziso sika-2015 № 162).
    * **2017.** IZhouxiang Fenghuang Cha yangena ohlwini lukazwelonke lwe-«一村一品», okusho ukuthi «idolobhana elilodwa, umkhiqizo owodwa».
    * **2022.** Ohlwini lwemikhiqizo enophawu lwendawo yaseHubei, olushicilelwe ngoJanuwari 2022 (imininingwane yasekupheleni kuka-2020), iZhouxiang Fenghuang Cha inezinkampani eziyiziro ezivunyelwe ukusebenzisa uphawu olukhethekile, futhi alikho izinga lesifundazwe.
    * **2023–2024.** I-Hubei Administration for Market Regulation ngomhla ka-23 Disemba 2023 yamukela izinga le-DB42/T 2174—2023 elithi «Umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo. IZhouxiang Fenghuang Cha»; lisebenza kusukela ngomhla ka-23 Februwari 2024.
* **Igama:** 周巷 idolobhana, 凤凰 intaba iFenghuangshan edolobhaneni laseShuangfeng (双峰村).
* **Amagama amathathu esifunda esisodwa:** ISiaochang inamagama amathathu etiye, umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo i周巷凤凰茶 (2014), uphawu lwesitifiketi i孝昌凤凰山茶 (2015) kanye nomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo i观音湖绿茶 (2015).

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Izinga libala ama-cultivar amathathu: i-«鄂茶一号» (*Èchá yīhào*, uhlobo lwaseHubei i-«Echa № 1»), i-福鼎大白 (*Fúdǐng dàbái*) kanye ne中茶108 (*Zhōngchá 108*).
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Amahlumela amancane; ukuvuna kuqala lapho amahlumela asesigabeni esithi «iqabunga elilodwa elisanda kuvuleka neqabunga elilodwa kuphela» (一芽一叶初展) esefinyelela ku-8–12 ngemitha-skwele.
* **Indlela yokuvuna:** Ngesandla kuphela.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi kanye nasekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya ekupheleni kukaSeptemba.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:**

Imingcele engezansi ivela ezingeni le-DB42/T 2174—2023.

* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** 400–800 m.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo 15,5–16,4 °C, imvula engu-1010–1190 mm ngonyaka, amahora elanga angu-2135–2310, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa izinsuku ezingama-228–259.
* **Inhlabathi:** Inhlabathi ephuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤), ukujula kongqimba oluvundile okungenani okungu-0,5 m, i-pH engu-4,5–6,5, izinto eziphilayo okungenani amaphesenti angu-1, ukudonsa kwamanzi okuhle.
* **Ukunakekelwa kwengadi:** Izinga lichaza izikhathi zokutshala (kusukela ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari kuya ekupheleni kukaMashi noma kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya maphakathi noNovemba), ukuthenwa kokubumba okuthathu kwehlathi elincane kanye nomquba: umquba oyinhloko ufakwa kanye ngonyaka, ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, futhi unikeza amaphesenti angu-60 esilinganiso sonyaka.
* **Indawo:** Ngokombhalo ka-2019, intaba iFenghuangshan imi phansi kwentaba iShuangfengshan, ogwini lwedamu laseXichong (西冲水库), eduze kwechibi laseGuanyinhu (观音湖).

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izinga libeka ukulandelana okulandelayo:

1.  **Ukwendlalwa kweqabunga elisha (摊青, *tānqīng*):** Amahora angu-4–6, ungqimba olungu-1–3 cm.
2.  **Ukuqedwa kokuluhlaza (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Izinga alizinikezi imingcele.
3.  **Ukupholisa (摊凉, *tānliáng*):** Imizuzu engu-20–30.
4.  **Ukubunjwa (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Okokuqala ukuqondisa kweqabunga libe yimicu (理条, *lǐtiáo*) ku-150–180 °C imizuzu engu-10–15, bese kuba ukucindezela libe isicaba (压扁, *yābiǎn*) ku-100–120 °C imizuzu engu-8–10.
5.  **Ukoma kokugcina (辉干, *huīgān*):** 90–120 °C, imizuzu engu-25–35.

Ukucindezela kweqabunga kunikeza isimo esiyisicaba nesiqondile, izinga elifuna kuzo zombili izigaba.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Izinga lihlukanisa itiye libe izigaba ezimbili, esiphezulu (特级) kanye nesesibili (一级); ngasinye unyaka nonyaka kulungiswa isampula eyireferensi entsha. Ngezansi kunezimfuneko zesigaba esiphezulu kanye nomehluko wesesibili.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Liyisicaba, libushelelezi futhi liqondile, linombala we-emerald, linoboya obubonakalayo, lilingana (扁平光直，翠绿显毫，匀齐). Esigabeni sesibili, liyisicaba, libushelelezi futhi liqondile, linombala oluhlaza ocwebezelayo (绿润).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Izinga alilichazi ngokwehlukana.
* **Iphunga lomswani:** Lihlanzekile futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (清香持久); esigabeni sesibili, lihlanzekile.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kusha futhi kuthambile (鲜醇), kuzo zombili izigaba.
* **Umbala womswani:** Uluhlaza othambile, ogqamile (嫩绿明亮) kuzo zombili izigaba.
* **Izindubo zetiye (iqabunga elidliwe):** Lithambile, lithenda futhi lilingana (柔嫩匀齐); esigabeni sesibili, lithenda, lilingana futhi liyagqama (嫩匀明亮).

Izinga lidinga ukuthi itiye lingabi nokonakala namaphunga angaphandle, izinto ezingezona ezamtiye nanoma iziphi izithasiselo.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izimfuneko ze-physicochemical zezinga ziyefana kuzo zombili izigaba:

| Inkomba | Imfuneko |
| :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama | Akukho ngaphezu kuka-6,5 % |
| Imvuthuluka nothuli | Akukho ngaphezu kuka-3,0 % |
| Umhlotha ophelele | Akukho ngaphezu kuka-7,0 % |
| Izinto ezikhiphekayo | Akukho ngaphansi kuka-38,0 % |
| Ifayibha emahhadlahhadla | Akukho ngaphezu kuka-10,0 % |

Izinga alizinikezi imininingwane ngama-polyphenol, ama-amino acid kanye ne-caffeine.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukwenza Itiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** amagremu angu-3 nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukufudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukwelekelela kokuqala ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yomswani.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Izinga libhekisa ezingeni likazwelonke elijwayelekile lokugcinwa kwetiye i-GB/T 30375. Ephepheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukubuphuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakalayo.

* **Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu olukhethekile lomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo; ngokohlu olunemininingwane yasekupheleni kuka-2020, zazingekho izinkampani ezivunyelwe ukulusebenzisa, ngakho buza umdayisi ngemibhalo yokuvunyelwa.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi itiye lenziwe edolobhaneni laseZhouxiang esifundeni saseXiaochang.
    * Iqabunga liyisicaba, libushelelezi futhi liqondile, linombala we-emerald; umswani uluhlaza othambile futhi uyagqama.
    * Ungaphambanisi ne-Fenghuang Dancong yaseGuangdong (isigaba 13).

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Izinga libeka ngisho nobuningi bamahlumela lapho kuqala khona ukuvuna, angu-8–12 ngemitha-skwele.
* Indawo evikelwe idolobhana elilodwa, hhayi isifunda.
* Izinga lavela eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye ngemva kokuvikelwa.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **I-Xi Hu Long Jing ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xihu-longjing)):** Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba elidumile laseHangzhou; neZhouxiang Fenghuang Cha nalo lithola isimo esiyisicaba ngokucindezela kweqabunga.
* **I-Fenghuang Dancong ([凤凰单丛](https://thetea.app/zu/article/fenghuang-dancong)):** Oolong wasentabeni iFenghuangshan eChaozhou, eGuangdong; okufanayo igama lentaba kuphela.
* **I-Xiaochang Fenghuangshan Cha (孝昌凤凰山茶):** Itiye ledolobhana elifanayo ngaphansi kophawu lwesitifiketi lwango-2015; imithombo etholakele ayisho ukuthi amagama amabili ahlobana kanjani ngokomthetho.
* **I-Enshi Yu Lu ([恩施玉露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-yulu)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elidumile laseHubei, elime njengenalithi, elenziwa ngokufakwa emanzini abilayo ukuphelisa ukuluhlaza.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Zhouxiang Fenghuang Cha itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba ledolobhana elilodwa emaphethelweni aseningizimu ezintaba zaseDabie. Isikhathi eside, ngaye kwakuxoxwa ikakhulukazi ngemiklomelo yenkampani yendawo nokulandiswa kwezinganekwane, kodwa kusukela ngo-2024, inezinga elinemininingwane: ama-cultivar amathathu, izingadi ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-400–800, ukuvuna ngesandla, ukucindezela kweqabunga kanye nezigaba ezimbili zekhwalithi. Enkomishini, liyitiye eliyisicaba elinombala we-emerald elinoboya, iphunga elihlanzekile nelihlala isikhathi eside kanye nomswani oluhlaza othambile nogqamile.