---
title: "Zhōngxiáng mǐchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhongxiang-micha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Zhōngxiáng mǐchá (钟祥米茶)

**I-Zhongxiang Micha** (*Zhōngxiáng mǐchá*, 钟祥米茶) — «itiye lerayisi» laseZhongxiang: irayisi elithosiwe loma ngokuphelele ebhodweni lensimbi bese libiliswa emanzini, ukudla kwasehlobo nesiphuzo kanyekanye okuvela edolobheni laseZhongxiang (钟祥市) esifundazweni saseHubei. Iqabunga letiye alikho kunoma iyiphi incazelo etholiwe, ngakho ngokwezigaba lokhu akulona itiye, kodwa isiphuzo sokusanhlamvu. Ifomula yendawo ichaza igama kanje: «uma udla — uyasutha, uma uphuza — uqeda ukoma» (食之果腹，饮之解渴). Kusukela ngo-2018 igama livikelwe wuphawu lokuhweba lwesitifiketi sokuma komhlaba, futhi kusukela ngo-2021 kusebenza izinga leqembu.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Isiphuzo sokusanhlamvu kanye nokudla okuvela erayisini elithosiwe; iqabunga le-*Camellia sinensis* alikho, umkhiqizo awunaso isigaba setiye.
* **Isigaba:** Uphawu lokuhweba lwesitifiketi sokuma komhlaba (2018); ukudla kwendabuko kwendawo.
* **Isihlukanisi sezinga:** Izinga leqembu lophawu lihlukaniswe njengeziphuzo, ngesihlukanisi samazwe ngamazwe — ngaphansi kwesigaba «itiye, ikhofi, ukhokho». Lokhu kuyisihloko, hhayi ubufakazi beqabunga letiye.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), idolobha elizungezile i-Jingmen (荆门, *Jīngmén*), idolobha elincane lase-Zhongxiang (钟祥, *Zhōngxiáng*).
* **Indawo yophawu:** Umngcele oqondile awukho emithonjeni etholiwe; umnikazi wophawu — inhlangano yemikhiqizo yendawo yaseZhongxiang (钟祥市特产协会).
* **Amagama omdabu:** «Irayisi elithosiwe itiye» (炒米茶, *chǎomǐchá*) kanye ne-沏米茶 (*qīmǐchá*) — ngokwe-encyclopedia yakwa-Baidu.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Inganekwane ngesigodlo sase-Ming.** Impahla yomnyango wezokukhangisa wekomidi ledolobha laseZhongxiang kuwebhusayithi yakwa-Xinhua (kuqhubeke — Xinhua) kanye nehhovisi lesifundazwe lobunikazi bengqondo zilanda inganekwane: unkosikazi wenkosi yase-Xing u-Zhu Youyuan (朱祐杬), owayenesabelo endaweni yase-Anlu — manje eyi-Zhongxiang, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa wayengakwazi ukudla ukudla okunethezekile; umpheki waletha itiye lerayisi, ayelipheka ekhaya, waba nomdlandla wokudla, futhi ukudla «kusuka emphakathini kwangena esigodlweni». Indodana yakhe yaba umbusi u-Jiajing; ngokwe-Xinhua, lapho ethuthela e-Forbidden City, naye ehlobo wayala ukuba kuphekwe itiye lerayisi. Lokhu kuyinganekwane, hhayi umbhalo.
    * **Enye inguqulo.** Umphaki waqala wapheka isiphuzo esivela ekhashini lerayisi (锅巴), kwase kuthi kamuva waqala ukuthosa ngqo irayisi (umthombo odumile).
    * **1531.** Ngokwesayithi lesithenjwa, ngalo nyaka isifunda sathola igama elithi Zhongxiang; leli sosuku alihlobene netiye lerayisi.
    * **Izinto zokwakha zesikhathi esidlule.** Ngokwe-Xinhua, ekuqaleni itiye lerayisi laliphekwa ngebhali elikhonjiwe (麦米), futhi ngokukhula kwengcebo kwashintshelwa erayisini.
    * **2018.** Uphawu «钟祥米茶» (inombolo yokubhalisa engu-26327613) lushicilelwe njengolubhalisiwe zingama-20 kuZibandlela 2018.
    * **2020–2022.** Izimboni ezimbili zinikezwe ilungelo lokusebenzisa uphawu: enye — ngo-2020–2023, enye — ngo-2022–2028. Ukuthi eyokuqala yanwetshwa yini, akushiwo emithonjeni etholiwe.
    * **2021.** Kwakhishwa izinga leqembu T/ZXTC 001-2021 «地理标志证明商标 钟祥米茶» (lishicilelwe ziyi-18 kuMbasa, lisebenza kusukela zingama-25 kuMbasa).
    * **2020–2023.** I-«Hubei ribao» ibhala ukuthi itiye lerayisi alizange liphumele ngale kwethafa laseJianghan isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuthuthwa kanzima kanye nokufana komkhiqizo. Ngo-2020 imboni yendawo yakhipha «isinkwa esinambitheka netiye lerayisi» — eminyakeni engaphezu kwemibili kuthengiswe ngaphezu kwama-3000 t; sekukonke kwadalwa imikhiqizo emisha engaphezu kweshumi nokukhiqizwa cishe kwezigidi eziyikhulu zama-yuan ngonyaka.
* **Igama:** 米 (*mǐ*) — «irayisi», 茶 (*chá*) — «itiye». I-Xinhua ibhala ngokuqondile ukuthi ngokoqobo kusho «itiye elenziwe ngerayisi».
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** I-Zhongxiang idume ngabantu abaphila isikhathi eside, futhi itiye lerayisi liyingxenye «yamagugu amane aseZhongxiang» (钟祥四宝). Ingoma yendawo, ecashunwe yisikhungo sezindaba i-Zhongxin, ibeka itiye lerayisi ngaphezu kompe: «爽口米茶胜琼浆». Ngokwe-Xinhua, kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kube sekwindla ekhathekile, itiye lerayisi lithoswa «kuwo wonke amakhaya».

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokwakha:**

* **Isitshalo:** Irayisi elitshaliwe (*Oryza sativa*); esikhathini esidlule — ibhali. Isitshalo setiye asikho.
* **Okusanhlamvu:** Inyuvesi yezomnotho yase-Hubei incoma irayisi elikhulu, eligcwele, elilinganayo le-*indica* (籼米), kungcono elingagaywanga (糙米), noma i-bhali elikhonjiwe. I-Xinhua idinga izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezigcwele. I-encyclopedia yakwa-Baidu ibiza elingagaywanga elishibhile irayisi 牙黄米 njengelikhulu kakhulu.
* **Uhlobo ngokwezinga:** Alikho emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Izisekelo zezinto zokwakha:** Ngokwemininingwane yehhovisi lobunikazi bengqondo, omunye wabasebenzisi bophawu une-2000 mu yamasimu erayisi etiye lerayisi.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Inkaba ye-Hubei, umfula i-Hanjiang unqamula sonke isifunda; isimo sezulu sinezinkathi ezine ezicacile kanye nemvula elinganiselayo (isikhungo sezindaba i-Zhongxin, 2024).
* **Irayisi:** I-Xinhua ibiza i-Zhongxiang «indawo yezinhlanzi nerayisi», lapho kuzalwa khona irayisi nokolweni; isikhungo sezindaba i-Zhongxin sibhala ukuthi i-Zhongxiang inothile ngerayisi.
* **Ukuphakama, inhlabathi, imithambeka:** Ngomkhiqizo wokusanhlamvu akuchazwanga emithonjeni etholiwe.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokwe-Xinhua, inyuvesi yezomnotho yase-Hubei kanye nencazelo yehhovisi lesifundazwe:

1. **Ukuthosa (炒):** Umsebenzi oyinhloko. Ibhodwe lifudunyezwa ngomlilo omncane kuze kufinyelele cishe ezingxenyeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokushisa okugcwele, kubekwa irayisi elingageziwe ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izithasiselo futhi linyakaziswa ngokuqhubekayo ngesipuni, kubhekwe umlilo nokufudunyezwa ngokulinganayo. Ngokuvamile imizuzu eyi-15–20, kuze kube yilapho okusanhlamvu sekuba phuzi okukhanyayo, okuyigolide noma okuphuzi ngokunsundu futhi sekunuka.
2. **Ukucima (indlela yenyuvesi):** Umlilo uyacinywa bese kuthelwa amanzi abandayo kancane; irayisi eliconsayo liwadla ngobugovu, futhi ukushaywa kuncipha njengoba kuphola. Ngemva kwalokho irayisi liyakhishwa futhi ligezwe.
3. **Ukubilisa ngendlela eshisayo (煮):** Irayisi eligeziwe lithelwa ngamanzi abandayo, lilethwe emathunjini, kucinywe umlilo bese kugcinwe ngaphansi kwesembozo imizuzu eyi-10–15.
4. **Ukubilisa ngendlela ebandayo:** Irayisi eligeziwe liphonswa emanzini abilayo bese libiliswa ngomlilo ovuthayo, kuze kube yilapho izinhlamvu «zivuleka» (开花), bese kuthululelwa esitsheni futhi kupholiswe.

Inyuvesi inikeza isilinganiso serayisi emanzini cishe esingu-1:1, uma itiye lerayisi lidliwa njengephalishi, futhi cishe esingu-1:3, uma liphuzwa, kanye nokubiliswa imizuzu eyi-15–20. Ubukhulu bomuntu ngamunye bukhetha ngokuthanda kwakhe. Izidingo zezinga T/ZXTC 001-2021 azifundwanga.

**6. Izici Zokuzwa:**

Ngokwe-Xinhua nencazelo yehhovisi lobunikazi bengqondo:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Iqabunga alikho; okusanhlamvu okuthosiwe kuphuzi okukhanyayo, okuyigolide noma okuphuzi ngokunsundu (色泽金黄).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Erayisini elithosiwe eliqediwe — kunephunga elinamandla lokuthosiwe (浓香扑鼻), ngokwencazelo yenyuvesi.
* **Iphunga lomphunga:** Licindezelwe (香气浓郁).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kumnandi kancane, kodwa akunambitheki, kubaba kancane, kodwa akubabi (微甜不淡，略涩不苦). Itiye lerayisi elime ubusuku bonke lifana nomhluzo wamapulangwe (酸梅汤): «kumuncu, kodwa akumuncu, kumnandi, kodwa akumnandi».
* **Umbala womphunga:** Uphuzi olukhanyayo (水色淡黄).
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe):** Isisekelo setiye asikho: irayisi elibilisiwe lidliwa kanye nomhluzi.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane ngokwakheka kwalomkhiqizo ngokwawo ayikho emithonjeni etholiwe. Ikholomu ye-Xinhua inikeza inani lokudla lerayisi elibilisiwe elijwayelekile, hhayi itiye lerayisi.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela walomkhiqizo ngokwawo ayikho. Amaphephandaba endawo abhala ngokuncipha koshukela namafutha egazini; ukuqinisekiswa akukho emithonjeni etholiwe, futhi lapha lezi zimangalo aziphindiwe.

**9. Ukwenza:**

Umkhuba wesigaba — lapha lokhu akukhona ukwenza, kodwa ukubilisa. Irayisi elithosiwe liyagezwa bese libiliswa ngenye yezindlela ezimbili zesigaba 5: ngendlela eshisayo (lethwa emathunjini futhi kume ubusuku obungu-10–15 ngaphansi kwesembozo) noma ngendlela ebandayo (bilisa kuze kuvuleke izinhlamvu bese upholisa). Ngokwe-Xinhua, itiye lerayisi lidliwa lishisa, lipholile futhi lime ubusuku bonke, lihlanjululwa ngamanzi abilisiwe abandayo noma lidliwa njengerayisi kwisidlo sasemini (米茶饭); isikhungo sezindaba i-Zhongxin sibhala ukuthi ehlobo ngokuvamile lidliwa lipholile.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba wokusanhlamvu okuthosiwe: endaweni eyomile, esitsheni esivaliwe ngokuqinile, kude namaphunga. Itiye lerayisi elibilisiwe, ngokwe-Xinhua, ligcinwa kuze kube usuku olulandelayo esitsheni sobumba. Izikhathi zokugcinwa azikho emithonjeni etholiwe.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Imininingwane ngamanani ayikho emithonjeni etholiwe.

* **Ukwazigwema imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Funani uphawu lwesitifiketi «钟祥米茶» (no. 26327613) embonini enelungelo elisebenzayo kulo.
    * Khumbulani ukuthi lokhu akulona itiye: uma ephaketheni elinombhalo othi «米茶» kuneqabunga letiye, lokhu kungomunye umkhiqizo.
    * Ukubukeka ngokwencazelo: okusanhlamvu okuyigolide noma okuphuzi ngokunsundu, umphunga ophuzi okhanyayo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Izinga leqembu lesiphuzo sokusanhlamvu lihlukaniswe ngaphansi kwesigaba «itiye, ikhofi, ukhokho», nakuba itiye lingekho kulo.
* Itiye lerayisi lisukela enganekwaneni kamama womlawuli u-Jiajing, ubaba wakhe owayenesabelo kulezi zindawo.
* Okungcono kakhulu, ngokwamazwi endawo, itiye lerayisi lisekushiseni okukhulu: «lapho kushisa kakhulu, kumnandi kakhulu ukudla».

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa neziphuzo zokusanhlamvu namatiye:**

* **Itiye lebhali ([大麦茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/damai-cha)):** Umphunga webhali elithosiwe; itiye lerayisi nalo lake laphekwa ngebhali, kodwa liyabiliswa futhi lidliwa kanye nokusanhlamvu.
* **Itiye le-buckwheat ([苦荞茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/kuqiaomai)):** Naso yisiphuzo sokusanhlamvu ngaphandle kweqabunga letiye; senziwa, hhayi siyabiliswa.
* **I-Genmaicha (玄米茶):** Itiye eliluhlaza lase-Japan elinerayisi elithosiwe — kulo kuneqabunga letiye, ngokungafani netiye lerayisi lase-Zhongxiang.
* **I-Zhongxiang Yunwu Cha ([钟祥云雾茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhongxiang-yunwu-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza langempela lesifunda sedolobha elifanayo.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Zhongxiang Micha — irayisi elithosiwe loma ngokuphelele futhi libiliswe, elidliwa futhi liphuzwa e-Zhongxiang lishisa, lipholile noma lime ubusuku bonke. Linophawu luka-2018, izinga leqembu lika-2021 kanye nenganekwane yasenkantolo, kodwa iqabunga letiye alikho: lesi yisiphuzo sokusanhlamvu esinegama letiye.