---
title: "Yúnxiàn Dàcháoshān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/yunxian-dachaoshan-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Yúnxiàn Dàcháoshān chá (云县大朝山茶)

**I-Yunxian Dachao Shan Cha** (*Yúnxiàn Dàcháoshān chá*, 云县大朝山茶) wuphawu lokuqinisekisa lwendawo lwetiye lasezintabeni zase-Dachao Shan eningizimu-mpumalanga yesifunda sase-Yunxian (云县) esifundeni sedolobha sase-Lincang, esifundazweni sase-Yunnan. Izivande zihlezi eduze kwedolobhana lase-Dachao Shanxi (大朝山西镇): empumalanga lifinyelela eLancang, eningizimu-ntshonalanga linomngcele nesifunda sase-Bangdong, indawo yakudala ye-Xigui edumile. Uphawu lwabhaliswa ngoMasingana 2022, futhi umkhiqizo oshiwo kulo itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶). Iincwadi zetiye kanti zibhala ngaleli tiye njenge-puerh evela ezihlahleni ezindala.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*) — lokhu yikho okushiwo umkhiqizo wophawu ohlwini lwesifundazwe lweHhovisi Lokuphathwa Kwemakethe lase-Yunnan lango-2023; angikaze ngilubone uhlu oluphelele lwemikhiqizo yokubhalisa. Izinga le-GB/T 14456.2-2018 lihlukanisa itiye eliluhlaza elinamaqabunga amakhulu ngokushiswa kwesitimu, okuthosiwe, okomiswe ngomoya oshisayo kanye nokomiswa kwelanga ([晒青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shai-qing), *shàiqīng*); lokhu kokugcina kuyisithako sohlobo lwe-puerh. Ukuthi yikuphi kulokhu okwenziwayo ngaphansi kophawu, akunakutholakala emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye lezivande ezindala zase-Lincang; uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwendawo (2022).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Yunnan (云南, *Yúnnán*), isifunda sedolobha sase-Lincang ([临沧](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lincang), *Líncāng*), isifunda sase-Yunxian (云县, *Yúnxiàn*), idolobhana lase-Dachao Shanxi (大朝山西镇, *Dàcháoshānxī zhèn*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Umnikazi wophawu yisikhungo sesifunda sase-Yunxian; lokhu kuwukuhlobana kwesikhungo ngokokuphatha, angikaze ngiwubone umngcele osemthethweni wendawo.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Azikho izixhumanisi eziqondile emithonjeni etholakele.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Indlela yetiye.** Ngokwesango letiye, elicaphuna amarekhodi omlando, enye yezindlela ezimbili ezibalulekile zomzila wamahhashi netiye (茶马古道, *chámǎ gǔdào*) wesifunda yayisuka edolobheni lesifunda iye e-Dashi — ngaphambi kokuqanjwa kabusha kwakubizwa kanjalo idolobhana lamanje, okwakuyi-commune yase-Dashi (大石公社). Emgwaqweni wesifunda le ndlela yayihamba amakhilomitha angu-95, bese iqhubekela eningizimu — nge-Changputang iye emakethe yase-Bangdong (邦东) esifundeni esingumakhelwane, lapho impahla yayithathwa khona iyiswa e-Puerh bese iqhubekela e-Kunming. Kuze kube ngu-1976, kubhala lelo sango elifanayo, leli dolobhana lahlala liyikhona eligqashukile kwezokuthutha esifundeni sonke.
    * **2012–2013.** Ngokwesango elifanayo, ngo-2012 idolobhana laqoqa amathani angu-635 etiye ngama-yuan ayizigidi ezingu-10.16. Ngo-2013, ngenxa yodumo lwe-Xigui engumakhelwane, iqabunga elisha lenyuka laya kuma-yuan angu-6.5 ngekhilogremu, futhi umkhiqizo wakhula wafinyelela kumathani angu-650 ngama-yuan ayizigidi ezingu-16.75.
    * **2022.** Uphawu «云县大朝山茶» lwabhaliswa: isitifiketi № 48178167, isigaba 30, umkhiqizo — itiye eliluhlaza, usuku lokushicilelwa kokubhaliswa — 14 Masingana 2022. Umnikazi — Isiteshi Sokusabalalisa Ubuchwepheshe Betiye sesifunda sase-Yunxian (云县茶叶技术推广站).
    * **2023.** Uphawu lwangena ohlwini lwesifundazwe lwezibonelelo zokubhalisa; ngokombiko wehhovisi lokuphathwa kwemakethe lase-Lincang, abanikazi bezimpawu ezine zesifunda, kuhlanganise nalolu, bathola isamba sama-yuan ayizinkulungwane ezingu-40. Sekukonke esifundeni ihhovisi labala izimpawu zokuqinisekisa zendawo ezingu-13.
* **Igama:** «Yunxian» (云县) yigama lesifunda. I-Dachao Shan (大朝山) yizingqimba zezintaba; «Dachao Shanxi» kusho ukuthi «i-Dachao Shan esentshonalanga». Incazelo yegama lezingqimba ngokwalo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ngokwesango letiye, itiye liwumgogodla weholo ledolobhana: imizi engu-4256 ithinteka ekutshalweni kwetiye, okuyi-48.3% yayo yonke imizi, ngokwesilinganiso i-1.27 mu yesivande ngomuntu ngamunye.

**3. Ukuchazwa Kwezitshalo Kanye Nezithako:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Izincazelo ziyaphikisana. Enye indaba yesango letiye icaphuna «Umlando Wesifunda Sase-Yunxian» (《云县志》) futhi ibeka izihlahla ezindala zasedolobhaneni lase-Nou ohlotsheni lwe-拟细萼茶 (*nǐ xì'è chá*). Enye indaba yesango elifanayo ibhala ukuthi esigungwini semakhaya sase-Zhishanqing kukhula kakhulu itiye lase-Mengku elinamaqabunga amakhulu (勐库大叶茶, *Měngkù dàyè chá*). Angikaze ngiwubone umsebenzi wezitshalo wezihlahla zakule ndawo.
* **Lapho izihlahla ezindala zikhona:** Cishe i-500 mu yezihlahla ezindala ikhula ezigungwini zemakhaya zase-Changputang (菖蒲塘), e-Xiyuan (昔元), e-Banxu (邦旭) nase-Beiyinzhai (背阴寨); indaba yesibili yengeza i-Zhishanqing (纸山箐) futhi ibeka i-Changputang ne-Zhishanqing njengeziyinhloko. Enye indaba ibiza lezi zihlahla ngokuthi ziyizihlahla ezitshaliwe (栽培型), enye ibhala ngamaqembu asendle (野生古茶树群落).
* **I-Nou:** Iqembu elibonakala kakhulu likhula eduze kwedolobhana lase-Nou (糯伍) lekomidi lase-Changputang; indaba yesibili icacisa — e-Shangnou (上糯伍), ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-1653. Ngokwenye incazelo, lezi yizihlahla ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, eziyi-12 kwazo zingaphezu kwamamitha angu-10. Ngokwenye, iqembu lithatha cishe i-5 mu, izihlahla kulo zingaphezu kwamamitha angu-10; kweziyi-12 kwazo ukuzungeza esisekelweni kungu-1.7–2.05 m futhi umqhele ungu-6–7 ngo-8 m, isihlahla esisodwa — a-11.7 m ngokuzungeza okungu-2.05 m, futhi ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-200, ngokwale ncazelo, zintathu kuphela.
* **I-Zhishanqing:** Isivande esidala esiseduze kwamadolobhana ase-Caijia (蔡家), e-Xujia (徐家) nase-Yingwoshan (英窝山), cishe amamitha angu-2100: ngaphezu kwe-420 mu futhi ngaphezu kwezihlahla ezingu-9000, isilinganiso seminyaka — ngaphezu kwekhulu, ezindala kakhulu, ngokwencazelo, zineminyaka engaphezu kwe-500.
* **Izithako, ukuvuna kanye nezinga lokuvuna:** Iqabunga lezihlahla ezindala nezivande zedolobhana; izidingo zophawu, izikhathi kanye nezinga lokuvuna azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshalwa:**

* **Isifunda:** Iningizimu-mpumalanga yesifunda sase-Yunxian. Empumalanga kukhona i-Lancang, ngaphesheya komfula — isifunda sase-Jingdong (景东) sesifunda sase-Puerh; eningizimu-ntshonalanga — isifunda sase-Bangdong sesifunda sase-Linxiang.
* **Ukuphakama:** Idolobhana lihlezi ekuphakameni okuphakathi kwamamitha angu-784 no-3249. Isango libheka ibhande eliphakathi kwamamitha angu-1600 no-1800 njengelifaneleka kakhulu itiye; izivande ezindala — e-Nou ku-1653 m nase-Zhishanqing cishe ku-2100 m.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Imvula cishe ingu-1100 mm ngonyaka, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi cishe lingu-17 °C, kunokuhlukana kwesimo sezulu ngokuya ngokuphakama. Isango liyanezela ukuthi idolobhana lihlala lisongwa ngamafu nenkungu unyaka wonke (常年云雾缭绕).
* **Ubukhulu bezivande:** Imininingwane iyaphikisana: enye indaba yesango ibeka ama-mu ayizinkulungwane ezingu-32, enye — i-11 750 mu, kuyo ngaphezu kuka-8000 ethelayo; zombili izindaba zashicilelwa ngo-2018.
* **Umhlabathi:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubucwepheshe betiye elingaphansi kophawu abukho emithonjeni etholakele. Izinga le-GB/T 14456.2-2018 lichaza itiye eliluhlaza elinamaqabunga amakhulu njengomkhiqizo ovela eqabungeni litiye elinamaqabunga amakhulu, elidlule kule misebenzi:

1.  **Ukulalisa iqabunga elisha (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
2.  **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*):** Egodweni, ngomoya oshisayo noma elangeni — ngokohlobo lwetiye; kulona lwetiye lwesitimu, ukufakwa kwesitimu kusetshenziselwa ukuqinisa, hhayi ukomisa.
5.  **Ukuqedela isimo (整形, *zhěngxíng*).**

Lesi yisikimu esijwayelekile sesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe be-Yunxian Dachao Shan Cha.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Izincazelo zetiye eliluhlaza elingaphansi kophawu angizange ngizithole. Ngezansi kunencazelo ye-puerh evela ezihlahleni ezindala zase-Dachao Shan esangweni letiye; akekho oyihlobanise ngokusemthethweni nomkhiqizo wophawu.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ukusonga kuqinile futhi kukude, kuluhlaza okotshani okumnyama, kumbozwe uboya (条索壮实而长，呈墨绿色，身被绒毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga loketshezi:** Licebile, lihlala isikhathi eside ezindongeni zenkomishi (香气浓郁，挂杯持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Uketshezi luthambile futhi luyambesa, luminyene, lunezendlalelo eziningi (汤质糯滑、厚实、层次饱满); ukubaba kuhamba ngokushesha, ukuvuthwa kuzwakala kancane; ukubuya okumnandi kufika ngokushesha, ukukhiqizwa kwamathe kuhle.
* **Umbala woketshezi:** Etiyeni elincane — uphuzi oluhlaza okotshani, okusobala, okunokukhanya okunamafutha (青黄色，通透而油亮).
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe):** Linamanzi futhi likhulu; ihlumela elinamaqabunga, uma selinwebile, lingaba cishe uhhafu wesandla ubude; iqabunga libanzi futhi lithambile.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ayikho imininingwane ye-physicochemical emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokuqondile.

**9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C; etiyeni elikhulu elinamaqabunga amakhulu elomiswe elangeni — kushise kakhulu, 90–95 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Igaiwan noma ingilazi yengilazi.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Shisisa izitsha.
    2. Beka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Uketshezi lokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Thela noma uphuze, ushiya ingxenye yoketshezi.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphinda kabili noma kathathu ngokwelula isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ekugcineni okuvaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga; phuza phakathi nonyaka. Isithako esomiswe elangeni se-puerh sigcinwa ngendlela ehlukile — endaweni eyomile enomoya, futhi ngokuvamile siyagcinwa isikhathi eside.

**11. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa:**

Awekho amanani entengo yetiye eliphelele emithonjeni etholakele. Ngokwesango letiye, ngo-2015 iqabunga elisha elihle kakhulu lase-Changputang lalithengiswa ngama-yuan angu-200 ngekhilogremu, elijwayelekile — ngama-yuan angu-36.

* **Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu «云县大朝山茶» (isitifiketi № 48178167) futhi uqiniseke ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni sase-Yunxian.
    * Khumbula ukuthi umkhiqizo wophawu ohlwini olutholakele yitiye eliluhlaza.
    * Ungakuthathi njengeqiniso «itiye lesihlahla seminyaka eyinkulungwane»: izilinganiso zobudala bezihlahla zase-Nou ziyaphikisana ngisho nasekhasini elilodwa (isigaba 12).

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Uphawu lwase-Dachao Shan nophawu lwentaba i-Baiying Shan yesifunda esifanayo luphethwe yisikhungo esisodwa, zombili zibhaliselwe itiye eliluhlaza, futhi ukushicilelwa kokubhaliswa kwe-Dachao Shan kwaphuma ngezinsuku ezingu-52 ngaphambili: 14 Masingana uma kuqhathaniswa no-7 Ndasa 2022.
* Ngokwesango, eduze kwedolobhana lase-Nou kukhula «inkosi yetiye yase-Nou» (糯伍茶树王) — isihlahla esineqabunga elinsomi, esineminyaka cishe eyinkulungwane, ubude bungu-11 m futhi umqhele ungu-13 m. Ikhasi elifanayo esigabeni esingenhla libhala ukuthi izihlahla ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-200 eqenjini zintathu kuphela.
* Ngokwesango, edolobhaneni kukhona nabantu abacebile abayizihlobo zasendle zetiye: phakathi kwezitshalo zomndeni wetiye kubalwa i-红山茶, i-白山茶, i-毛茶树, i-大茶树 kanye ne-紫叶茶.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namatiye Angomakhelwane:**

* **I-Yunxian Baiying Shan Cha ([云县白莺山茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yunxian-baiyingshan-cha)):** Uphawu lwetiye lentaba i-Baiying Shan edolobhaneni lase-Manwan esifundeni esifanayo, ngomnikazi ofanayo nangomkhiqizo ofanayo — itiye eliluhlaza.
* **I-Xigui ([昔归](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xi-gui)):** Itiye ledolobhana lesifunda sase-Bangdong, esingumakhelwane we-Dachao Shan; i-athikili ye-encyclopedia yethu.
* **I-Lincang (临沧):** I-athikili evamile ye-encyclopedia ngesifunda setiye.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Yunxian Dachao Shan Cha wuphawu lwedolobhana elisezintabeni phezu kwe-Lancang, lapho izihlahla ezindala zikhula ku-1650–2100 m, futhi umzila omdala wetiye wawuholela emakethe yase-Bangdong. Umbhalo usho kafushane: uphawu lwango-2022, umnikazi — isiteshi setiye sesifunda, umkhiqizo — itiye eliluhlaza. Uhlobo lwezihlahla, ubudala bazo, ubukhulu bezivande kanye nokunambitheka kwaziwa kuphela ngesango letiye, futhi izincazelo zalo ziyaphikisana kwezinye izindawo.