---
title: "Yóuxī hóng"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/youxi-hong
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Yóuxī hóng (尤溪红)

**I-Youxi Hong** (*Yóuxī hóng*, 尤溪红) itiye elibomvu lesifunda sase-Youxi (尤溪县) ngaphansi kukamasipala waseSanming maphakathi nesifundazwe saseFujian. Igama eliphelele ngokwezinga lithi «尤溪红茶», kanti elithi «尤溪红» liyisifinyezo salo esiqondile. Isici esiyinhloko, esibhalwe ezingeni, siwukunyakaziswa kancane kweqabunga ngesikhathi sokubuna: indlela eyisikole se-oolong, engajwayelekile etiyeni elibomvu. Igama livikelwe wuphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo, izidingo zetiye zibekwa yizinga leqembu lango-2022, kanti indawo yokukhiqiza iyafana nayo yonke indawo yamanje yesifunda.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye elibomvu (红茶, *hóngchá*). Izinga leqembu i-T/CSTEA 00040-2022 «Uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo. I-Youxi hongcha» lilichaza ngokuqondile njengetiye elibomvu.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye elibomvu laseFujian elinophawu lwezindawo; izinga leqembu elihlukile le «high-aroma» Youxi red tea lamukelwa ngo-2024.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseFujian (福建, *Fújiàn*), umasipala waseSanming (三明, *Sānmíng*), isifunda saseYouxi (尤溪, *Yóuxī*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Izinga likhawulela ukukhiqizwa endaweni yamanje yokuphatha yesifunda saseYouxi. Uhlu lwezimpawu lwesifundazwe lubonisa isifunda esifanayo njengobunikazi bomnikazi wophawu.
* **Indlela yokuvikela:** Uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo lwe-State Intellectual Property Office of China (CNIPA) No. 15234145, umkhiqizo kungitiye. Ohlwini lwesifundazwe lwangomhla zingama-30 kuJuni 2026 ukubhaliswa kubonakala kusasebenza.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Isifunda saseYouxi cishe si-26.2° enyakatho kanye no-118.2° empumalanga.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Ikhulu le-10.** Amawebhusayithi ayinkomba, ecaphuna «eminye imithombo», abhala ukuthi e-Youxi baqala ukutshala itiye kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-10. Angikaze ngiwubone umthombo wokuqala walolu suku.
    * **Inkathi ye-Song.** I-Youxi iyindawo okwazalelwa kuyo isazi sefilosofi uZhu Xi (朱熹). Imibhalo edumile ngetiye laseYouxi icaphuna inkondlo yakhe ethi «Iziko Letiye» (茶灶), kodwa yona ibhalwe ngedwala ezintabeni zaseWuyishan, hhayi ngeYouxi.
    * **2022.** Ngomhla zingama-28 kuJuni kwashicilelwa izinga leqembu i-T/CSTEA 00040-2022. Lakhiwa yinhlangano yetiye yesifunda kanye nenhlangano yetiye yaseSanming. Kukhona nomthethonqubo wokukhiqiza i-T/CSTEA 00041-2022, kanti itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda linelalo izinga i-T/CSTEA 00043-2022.
    * **2024.** Ngomhla zingama-21 kuFebhuwari i-Fujian Association of Senior Scientists and Technicians yakhipha izinga leqembu i-T/FASST 00002-2024 «I-Youxi high-aroma red tea»: amabanga, iqabunga elisha, ubuchwepheshe, izidingo zekhwalithi, ukumaka, ukugcinwa.
* **Igama:** «I-Youxi» (尤溪) yigama lesifunda nomfula; «hong» (红) lisho «okubomvu», isifinyezo se «hongcha» (红茶).
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Amawebhusayithi ayinkomba ecaphuna i-Fujian Tea Society abeka i-Youxi ezindaweni zetiye «ezinezigaba eziningi» zesifundazwe: lapha benza kokubili itiye eliluhlaza, elibomvu, namanye amatiye. EsiFundeni, itiye elibomvu liwumugqa wesibili ovikelwe eduze kweliluhlaza.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / I-Cultivar:** Izinga lidinga izinhlobo ezifanele itiye elibomvu, kodwa, ngokokulandisa okutholiwe, alizibizi ngezinhlobo ezithile. Amawebhusayithi ayinkomba abhala ukuthi ngo-2009 esifundeni kwase kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabili ezisezingeni lesifundazwe nelikazwelonke; angikwazanga ukukuqinisekisa lokhu. Ngokwe-Sanming Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (2025), esifundeni ikakhulukazi kutshalwa i-Fuyun No. 6 (福云6号), i-Meizhan (梅占), i-Tieguanyin ([铁观音](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tie-guanyin)), i-Jinguanyin ([金观音](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jin-guanyin)), i-local caicha (菜茶), i-Jin Mudan ([金牡丹](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jin-mudan)) kanye ne-Qilan ([奇兰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qi-lan)) — lezi yizinhlobo zawo wonke amatiye esifunda, hhayi uhlu lwezinga letiye elibomvu.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Ngokwezinga — imiqumbe emincane kanye namahlumela. Ihhovisi lezolimo likamasipala libhala ukuthi imigqa emithathu yomkhiqizo we-«尤溪红» yenziwa ngemiqumbe eyodwa ngobuchwepheshe be-gongfu red tea.
* **Izinga nesikhathi sokuvuna:** Ayikho idatha enembile ekulandiseni okutholakele kwezinga.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Maphakathi nesifundazwe saseFujian, phakathi kwezinhlelo zezintaba zaseDaiyun (戴云山) ne-Wuyishan.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwamawebhusayithi ayinkomba ecaphuna i-Fujian Tea Society — i-subtropical monsoon, enezici zombili zezwekazi nezasolwandle; ithambile unyaka wonke, inemvula.
* **Inhlabathi:** I-red soil ene-acidic phezu kwamadwala angaphansi, iyathambile, inephrofayili ejulile (umthombo ofanayo).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izinga i-T/CSTEA 00040-2022 libhala ukulandelana okulandelayo:

1.  **Ukubuna nokunyakazisa kancane (萎凋, *wěidiāo*; 轻摇青, *qīng yáoqīng*).** Iqabunga liyabunwa futhi linyakaziswe kancane — indlela evela esikoleni se-oolong.
2.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
3.  **Ukuvutshelwa (发酵, *fājiào*).**
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*).**
5.  **Ukuhlunga nokuqedela iphunga.**

Ukunyakazisa kulimaza imiphetho yeqabunga futhi kuqala i-oxidation eyingxenye ngaphambi kokusonga; kanjalo isikole se-oolong sithuthukisa iphunga lezimbali. Lena yincazelo evamile yendlela, hhayi isilinganiso esiqondile se-Youxi Hong. Amapharamitha enqubo awatholakali ekulandiseni okutholakele kwezinga.

**6. Izici Zesikhumba:**

Angikaze ngizibone izilinganiso zezinzwa zezinga. Ngezansi kunezincazelo ezimbili. Esokuqala sanikezwa yi-Sanming Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (2025) — ngemigqa ye-«尤溪红» yemiqumbe eyodwa. Esesibili siphindwa ngamawebhusayithi ayinkomba. Umbala womuthi uyahluka kuzo; akukho okufaniswe nombhalo wophawu.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ngokwehhovisi likamasipala — liminyene futhi lincane, linamafutha, linamathiphu agqamile asagolide (紧细、油润、金毫显). Ngokwamawebhusayithi ayinkomba — liminyene futhi lincane, linamathiphu agcinwe kahle (紧细，苗锋良好), kusagolide, kunoboya obuningi (色泽金黄多毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lomuthi:** Ngokwehhovisi likamasipala — lisha, liqinile, linamanothi ezimbali nezithelo kanye nephunga lezinhlobo (鲜活、持久、显花果香、品种香). Ngokwamawebhusayithi ayinkomba — licebile, linethoni kashukela (浓郁带糖香).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Ngokwehhovisi likamasipala — kumnandi, kuthambile futhi kushelele (甘甜、醇滑). Ngokwamawebhusayithi ayinkomba — kuthambile, kunambitheka okumnandi ngemva (醇和回甘).
* **Umbala womuthi:** Ngokwehhovisi likamasipala — obomvu-osawolintshi, ogqamile (橙红明亮); ngokwamawebhusayithi ayinkomba — ophuzi-osawolintshi, ogqamile (橙黄明亮).
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphuhlisiwe):** Ngokwehhovisi likamasipala — imiqumbe eyodwa kuphela, elinganayo, ethambile futhi ecwebezelayo (全芽匀整、软亮). Ngokwamawebhusayithi ayinkomba — kubomvu, kulinganayo, kuncane futhi kuthambile (红均细软).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Azikho izinkomba ze-physicochemical zezinga ekulandiseni okutholakele.

**8. Izinto Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye elibomvu.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 90–95 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3–4 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** I-gaiwan emhlophe ye-porcelain — kuyo kubonakala umbala womuthi.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Ukuphisa kokuqala — imizuzwana engu-10–20.
    3. Okulandelayo ngakunye kube isikhashana eside.
    4. Ukuphisa kane kuya kuyisithupha.

Iwebhusayithi eyinkomba yeluleka ngamanzi abilayo atshekile, 4 g nge-100 ml kanye nokuphisa kokuqala okufushane ngemizuzwana engu-5–7 njengokugeza.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephasheni elivalekile, ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, endaweni eyomile emnyama, ngaphandle kwamaphunga angaphandle. Itiye elibomvu likubekezelela kangcono ukugcinwa kuneliluhlaza, kodwa iphunga lezimbali lincipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhohlisi:**

Ayikho idatha ngentengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Uzivikela kanjani emikhohlisini:**
    * Funa uphawu lwesifunda ephasheni.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi itiye lenziwe esifundeni saseYouxi.
    * Ungalididanisi netiye eliluhlaza laseYouxi: lelo linophawu lwalo kanye nezinga laso.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Ezingeni letiye elibomvu kubhalwe indlela ye-oolong — ukunyakaziswa kancane kweqabunga.
* «I-Youxi Hong» isifinyezo esisemthethweni, esibizwe ngokuqondile ezingeni.
* Iwebhusayithi eyinkomba icaphuna umusho othiwa ngu «Zhu lao» (朱老): itiye lamadwala laseWuyishan lifiswa ukuyizwa abangafi, kanti itiye elibomvu laseYouxi alitholakali emhlabeni. Ukuthi ubani abhekise kuye, iwebhusayithi ayicacisi. Uma kunguZhu Xi, khona-ke lokhu kubhalwa kusobala ukuthi kwaba kamuva: itiye elibomvu lavela emva kwesikhathi eside senkathi ye-Song.
* Isifunda sinamatiye amabili avikelwe: abomvu noluhlaza, futhi ngalinye linelalo zinga lango-2022.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aseFujian:**

* **I-Youxi Lü Cha ([尤溪绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/youxi-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esifanayo elinophawu lwalo lweqoqo kanye nezinga i-T/CSTEA 00043-2022.
* **I-Tanyang Gong Fu ([坦洋工夫](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tanyang-gong-fu)):** Itiye elidala le-gongfu elibomvu lasempumalanga ye-Fujian; ku-Youxi Hong, ngokungafani nesikimu se-gongfu sakudala, kubhalwe ukunyakazisa kweqabunga.
* **I-Jinguanyin hongcha ([金观音红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jin-guan-yin-hong-cha)):** Itiye elibomvu elivela ezinhlotsheni ze-oolong; isibonelo sendlela efanayo yaseFujian — ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obubomvu nephunga le-oolong.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Youxi Hong itiye elibomvu lasenkabeni ye-Fujian elinomugqa ongajwayelekile esigabeni ezingeni: ukunyakaziswa kancane kweqabunga ngesikhathi sokubuna, okuvela esikoleni se-oolong. Imibhalo ngayo inembile kokuyinhloko — isigaba, indawo kuyo yonke indawo yesifunda, ubuchwepheshe kanye nophawu, — kanti izincazelo zokunambitheka zinikezwa yihhovisi lezolimo likamasipala kanye namawebhusayithi ayinkomba: iqabunga eliminyene elincane elinamathiphu asagolide, ukunambitheka okumnandi okuthambile; ngombala womuthi, obomvu-osawolintshi noma ophuzi-osawolintshi, ayavumelani.