---
title: "xuěpiàn"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/xuepian
lang: zu
updated: 2026-07-19
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# xuěpiàn (雪片)

I-Xuepian (*xuěpiàn* 雪片, “amakhekheba eqhwa”) akuwona uhlobo oluthile lwetiye, kodwa kuwukuvunwa kwasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kobusika, okuyisipesheli, kwefeniksi *dan cong* (*dāncōng* 單叢). Lapho kuhlangene nendawo yase-Wudong (*Wūdōng* 烏岽), indawo ephakeme kakhulu entabeni iFenghuang esifundazweni sase-Guangdong, kuveza itiye elinephunga eliyivelakancane, “elihlabayo nelibandayo”.

**1. Izigaba kanye Nomsuka:**

*   **Uhlobo:** i-oolong (*qīngchá* 青茶 / *wūlóng* 烏龍).
*   **Isigaba:** feniksi *dan cong* (*dāncōng* 單叢) — “isihlahla esisodwa”.
*   **Isimo segama:** i-xuepian iyisigaba sesizini ngaphakathi kwe-*dan cong*, hhayi into ezimele ejwayelekile. Kulungile ukuthi “i-xuepian *huangzhihuang* yase-Wudong”, hhayi nje ukuthi “uhlobo lwe-xuepian”.
*   **Umsuka:** inkaba yezintaba iFenghuang (*Fènghuáng shān* 鳳凰山) empumalanga yesifundazwe sase-Guangdong, esifundeni saseChaozhou; ngaphakathi kwayo — i-Wudong (烏岽), indawo ephakeme kakhulu nehlonishwa kakhulu kule nkaba, lapho kugxilwe khona izihlahla zetiye zamasiko ezindala kakhulu.
*   **Uhlobo lomsuka:** kusuka e-Wudong kuqhamuka uhlobo oluyinganekwane, oluvela ngaphansi kwegama elihlanganisiwe 宋种黄枝香 = 乌岽宋茶 = 东方红 (“isihlahla sesizukulwane sikaSong *huangzhihuang*” / “itiye likaSong lase-Wudong” / “i-Dongfanghong”) — okukhomba izinganekwane zezihlahla ezisukela esikhathini seSong.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

*   Udumo lwase-Wudong luhlobene nezinganekwane “zezihlahla zeSong” — izihlahla ozalo lwazo isiko labantu liyikhuphula esikhathini seSong; kungalesi sisekelo lapho kwavela khona uhlobo lomsuka *huangzhihuang*, olwaphawulwa emibhalweni ngaphansi kwamagama anjenge-乌岽宋茶 ne-东方红.
*   Umkhuba wokuhlukanisa isihlahla esisodwa esivelele nokucubungula amaqabunga aso ngokwahlukana kwaveza igama elithi “*dan cong*” — “isihlahla esisodwa”.
*   Izimiso zokuqamba amagama ezinhlobo kulesi siko zahluke kakhulu: izihlahla ziqanjwa ngephunga, nge-flavour yotshwala obusetshenziswayo, ngesimo seqabunga, ngesimo somqhele, ngendlela yetiye elilungile, ngendawo yokuhlala, ngenkathi noma umcimbi, ngezifanekiso zamasiko, kanye nangamagama ahlanganisiwe (*fùshì mìngmíng* 复式命名). Yilapho kuvela khona ukudideka okuvamile okuthi “igama elifanayo — izihlahla ezihlukene” kanye “namagama ahlukene — isihlahla esifanayo” (同名異物 / 異物同名), okwaziwa kahle ngabanolwazi lwe-*dan cong*. I-Xuepian kulesi simiso iwukukala kwesikhathi sokuvuna, okugibela phezu kohlobo lwetiye nendawo.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

*   I-*Dan cong* ngomqondo oqinile “yisihlahla esisodwa”: ngokomlando amaqabunga esihlahla ngasinye esivelele ayeqoqwa, acutshungulwe futhi adayiswe ngokwahlukana.
*   Ukwahlukaniswa okuvamile kuhlukanisa konke ukuhlukahluka kwezihlahla zaseFenghuang ngezinhlobo eziyishumi zamakha (*shí dà xiāngxíng* 十大[香型](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiangxing)), ezaqinisekiswa ucwaningo lwemithombo ngo-1996 ngaphansi kobuholi buka-Dai Suxian (iNyuvesi Yezolimo yaseNingizimu-China):
    *   黃栀香 — i-gardenia,
    *   芝蘭香 — i-orchid ye-*zhilan*,
    *   蜜蘭香 — i-orchid yoju,
    *   [桂花](https://thetea.app/zu/article/guihua)香 — i-osmanthus,
    *   玉蘭香 — i-magnolia,
    *   薑花香 — imbali yejinja,
    *   夜來香 — i-tuberose,
    *   茉莉香 — i-jasmine,
    *   杏仁香 — i-alimondi,
    *   [肉桂](https://thetea.app/zu/article/rou-gui)香 — i-cinnamon.
*   Kulezi zinhlobo kunezelwa uchungechunge lwezinhlobo ezincane (ezifana ne-柚花香, 橙花香, 楊梅香, 附子香, 黃茶香, 苦種 nokunye). Ubuningi balo mhlaba bukhulu: “e-Atlas of Phoenix *Dan Congs*” ka-Chen Shaoping, izigaba 3.1–3.17 zichaza izihlahla eziyi-214 ezimelele kakhulu, bese isijobelelo 3.18 (*zēnglù* 增録) sengeza ezinye eziyi-11 — sekukonke amaphasipoti angu-225.
*   I-Xuepian ingenziwa ngezinto ezingavuthiwe cishe zanoma iyiphi yalezi zinhlobo. E-Wudong, ukuvunwa kwasebusika kusuka ezihlahleni ze-*huangzhihuang*/*huangzhixiang* (黃栀香 / 黃枝香) kanye ne-*zhilan* (芝蘭香) kuyaziswa kakhulu — yikuzo lapho iqabunga lasekupheleni kwesizini linikeza khona ubumba lwezimbali “olubandayo” olugqame kakhulu.
*   Ukubanda kwasekupheleni kwesizini nemfushane yemini kwenza iqabunga lasebusika libe lincane futhi lingabi nesisindo esiningi, kodwa licinene ngokugcwala kwezinto ezinephunga elintengantengayo.

**4. Indawo kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

*   Indawo ephakeme enezintaba yakha isimilo se-xuepian ngamandla kakhulu kunanoma yikuphi ukuvunwa okusethafeni. Ukwehluka okukhulu kwamazinga okushisa phakathi nemini nobusuku, inkungu evamile, ukukhanya okuhlakazekile, kanye nenhlabathi engenamsoco enamatshe kubambezela ukukhula kweqabunga futhi kuqinise izinhlanganisela zamakha.
*   Umqondo “we-gaoshan” (*gāoshān* 高山, “intaba ephakeme”) lapha akuwona owokumaketha: itiye elisuka emithambekeni ephezulu ye-Wudong ngokwesiko lihlonishwa kakhulu kunelasezansi kwentaba, kanti umehluko “wasentabeni ngokumelene nowasethafeni” — ungenye yezimbazo eziyisisekelo zokuhlola emphakathini we-*dan cong*.
*   Endaweni ephakeme enezintaba yase-Wudong, lapho umehluko wentwasahlobo-nezikhathi zobusika ubukhali kakhulu, umphumela wokugxilisa amakha uyakhuliswa.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

*   **Ikhalenda lokuvuna:** ikhalenda elijwayelekile le-*dan cong* — ukuvunwa kwasentwasahlobo (okuyinhloko), bese kulandela okwasehlobo nokwasekwindla. I-Xuepian iwukuvuna kokugcina, okuyisivuno sakamuva kakhulu sonyaka, okuvunwa ekupheleni kwekwindla nasekuqaleni kobusika, ngemva kokubanda. Igama elithi “amakhekheba eqhwa” likhomba isizini, hhayi uhlobo lwamahlamvu.
*   I-Xuepian yenziwa ngobuchwepheshe obufanayo be-oolong (青茶 / 烏龍) njenge-*dan cong* yasentwasahlobo, kodwa ngokuvumelana nezinto ezingavuthiwe zasebusika ezintekenteke. Izigaba ezibalulekile:
    1.  **Ukushiswa elangeni** (*shàiqīng* 曬青) — ukubuna kweqabunga elisanda kuvunwa.
    2.  **Ukubuna emthunzini nokunyakaziswa** (*zuòqīng* 做青) — ukushintshana kokuphumula noku “nyakaziswa” kweqabunga ngokucophelela, lapho imiphetho ilinyazwa khona bese kuqalwa ukuvutshelwa okuyingxenye. Lena inhliziyo yobuchwepheshe be-oolong futhi iyona nto enkulu ethwele “i-香” — iphunga.
    3.  **Ukulungiswa** (*shāqīng* 殺青) — ukushisisa, okumisa ukuvutshelwa.
    4.  **Ukusontwa** (*róuniǎn* 揉捻) — ukunikeza iqabunga isimo sakhona esikhishiwe, esisontiwe kancane.
    5.  **Ukomiswa nokugazingwa** (*hōngbèi* 烘焙) — ukumiswa kokugcina nokulungiswa ngomlilo.
*   Ngeqabunga lasebusika, izingcweti ngokuvamile zenza ukugazinga okulula (*qīnghuǒ* — umlilo obuthakathaka), ukuze kung “ashiswa” lelo phunga lezimbali elintekenteke kanye, okuyilona elenza i-xuepian ikazise. Ukulungiswa okunamandla ngomlilo kufihla iphrofayela yephunga elisha, yingakho i-xuepian ivame ukutholakala ngendlela ekhanyayo, engagazingwanga kakhulu.

**6. Izimpawu Zezinzwa:**

*   Iphrofayela ye-xuepian yaseWudong iyabonakala: iphunga lezimbali eliphakeme, “elipholile” (kuya ngohlobo — i-gardenia, i-orchid, i-orchid yoju), ukuqala kokuphuzwayo okuhlanzekile nokukhanyayo, ukusha okugqamile kanye “nokunambitheka okusemva kwentaba nokubuya kobumnandi” okuyisici (回甘).
*   Umzimba wokuphuzwayo ngokuvamile ulula kunowokuvunwa kwasentwasahlobo, kodwa iphunga elizwakalayo libukhali futhi “linomsindo omkhulu”. Lapho umzimba wokuphuzwayo ulula — iphunga elicijile, eliphakeme futhi “elinomsindo omkhulu”; endaweni ephakeme enezintaba yase-Wudong lo mphumela uyakhuliswa.

**9. Ukusetshenziswa:**

Izincomo zokuchitha kabanzi ngesitayela se-gongfu:

*   **Isitsha:** i-gaiwan noma i-teapot yase-Yixing enomthamo omncane.
*   **Amanzi:** apholile, acishe abe ngu-95–100 °C.
*   **Isilinganiso:** esicinene, njengokuvamile kuma-*dan cong* (cishe 1 g weqabunga ku-15 ml).
*   **Ukuchitha kabanzi:** okusheshayo, okokuqala — imizuzwana embalwa, ngokwelulwa kancane kancane; i-xuepian yasezintabeni eziphakeme yekhwalithi ephezulu imelana nokusetshenziswa okuningi, igcina ulayini wezimbali futhi ingawi ebabayo.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhonyovu:**

*   **Indlela yokuhlukanisa — isizini, hhayi uhlobo oluthile.** Kulungile ukuthi “i-xuepian *huangzhihuang* yase-Wudong”, hhayi nje ukuthi “uhlobo lwe-xuepian”.
*   **Iphunga ngokumelene nomzimba.** Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-*dan cong* yasentwasahlobo yesihlahla esifanayo, i-xuepian ngokuvamile ilula ngomzimba, kodwa iphakeme futhi ibukhali ngephunga — umphezulu “ophilayo” wezimbali.
*   **Ukugazinga okulula.** I-xuepian yakudala ivame ukukhanya, ingagazingwanga kakhulu; itiye elimnyama, elishisiwe kakhulu — lesi sekuyisitayela esihlukile.
*   **Izimpawu ze-gaoshan.** Iqabunga lase-Wudong elisezintabeni eziphakeme linikeza ukubuya kobumnandi okude, okuhlanzekile futhi lisekela ukuchithwa okuningi; ukuvunwa kwasebusika kwasezindaweni eziphansi ngokuvamile “kumfushane” futhi kulula.
*   **Umsuka kanye nobuyivelakancane.** I-xuepian yangempela yase-Wudong iyivelakancane futhi iyabiza: isivuno sasebusika sincane ngesisindo, kanti indawo yezingadi ezindala ezisezintabeni eziphakeme ilinganiselwe.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

*   **Amazinga.** I-Feniksi *dan cong* iwumkhiqizo onesiginesha yendawo evikelwe yase-Chaozhou; ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuncike ohlelweni lwamazinga kazwelonke nawesifundazwe ase-China ama-oolong ase-Guangdong, alawula izinto ezingavuthiwe, ubuchwepheshe kanye nezidingo zezinzwa. Izinombolo ezithile zokubhalisa kanye nezimpawu ze-*[唛号](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maihao)* zokuvunwa okuthile azigxilisiwe emithonjeni enokwethenjelwa, yingakho zingavezwa lapha: i-xuepian iyisigaba sesizini ngaphakathi kwe-*dan cong*, hhayi into ezimele ejwayelekile.