---
title: "Xiāokēng lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiaokeng-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Xiāokēng lǜchá (霄坑绿茶)

**I-Xiaokeng Lücha** (*Xiāokēng lǜchá*, 霄坑绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lomuzi owodwa kuphela: i-Xiaokeng (霄坑村) yesigodi sase-Meicun esifundeni sase-Guichi emkhandlwini wedolobha wase-Chizhou eningizimu yesifundazwe sase-Anhui. Indawo evikelwe incane ngendlela engavamile, akusona isifunda noma isigodi, kodwa isigodi esisodwa sasentabeni. Izimfuneko zibalula uhlobo lwendawo olunamaqabunga amakhulu, ukuvunwa ngesandla, izinhlobo eziyisicaba neziphothene, kanye nophawu oluphambili oluphunga nge-castnut. Igama livikelwa kabili: njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onophawu lwendawo (2010) nangesimemezelo se-State Intellectual Property Office No. 632 (2025).

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elingabilisiwe. Isigaba siqanjwe egameni futhi siqinisekiswa ubuchwepheshe: ukubola kweqabunga, ukulungiswa, ukubunjwa noma ukusonteka, ukomiswa.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasemaphandleni laseningizimu ye-Anhui; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo, ovikelwe ngezindlela ezimbili.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Anhui (安徽, *Ānhuī*), umkhandlu wedolobha wase-Chizhou (池州, *Chízhōu*), isifunda sase-Guichi (贵池, *Guìchí*), isigodi sase-Meicun (梅村镇), umuzi wase-Xiaokeng.
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Izivande zetiye zawo wonke amaqembu okukhiqiza ayishumi nambili omuzi wase-Xiaokeng kanye neqembu lase-Gaotang (高塘村民组) lomuzi wase-Xishan (西山村) esigodini sase-Tangxi (棠溪镇). Umfakisicelo yinhlangano yamalungu etiye yomuzi wase-Xiaokeng.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 117°28′51″–117°34′46″ empumalanga, 30°19′02″–30°22′47″ enyakatho. Uhlaka lungaphansi kwemizuzu eyisithupha ye-arc ngobude kanye nemizuzu emine ngobubanzi, lokhu kuyisigodi esisodwa sasentabeni.

**2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Isigodi.** Ngokwe-athikili yephephandaba i-«Anhui Ribao» (2024), kulesi sigodi esiphakathi kwezintaba kwakuhlala abantu futhi batshala itiye kusukela ngesikhathi se-Song; ubufakazi obubhaliwe abutholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **Ihlathi netiye.** Ngaphambilini umuzi wawuphila ngehlathi, izinkuni namalahle, itiye laliyinsiza. Ngokombiko kahulumeni wesifunda, imboni yokuqala yetiye eyiqoqo yavulwa ngo-1992. Ngemva kwesikhukhula ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, umuzi wabhala emthethweni womuzi ukuvinjelwa kokugawulwa kwehlathi ukuze kutshalwe itiye, futhi wazivimbela wona umanyolo wamakhemikhali, izibulala-zinambuzane, imithi yokubulala ukhula kanye nezikhuthazi zokukhula.
    * **Ingxabano ngegama.** Ngaphambilini umuzi wawubizwa ngokuthi 肖坑, futhi nawo *Xiāokēng*. Ngokwe-athikili efanayo, cishe ngo-1997 wanikela ngophawu lwentengiso «肖坑» kumhwebi omenyiwe, okwalandela ingxabano ende, futhi ilungelo lophawu lwalahleka emzaneni.
    * **2003.** Ekuhlanganisweni kokuphatha, umuzi ohlangene wahlanganisa umakhelwane u-Shuangcun (双村), futhi umuzi ohlanganisiwe wathola igama elithi 霄坑: kuhlamvu 肖 kwengezwe ukhiye we-«mvula» (雨). Kodwa igama lizwakala lifana nelidala, ngakho-ke alikwazanga ukuba wuphawu lwentengiso lomuzi.
    * **2010.** Umuzi wasungula inhlangano yamalungu etiye futhi ngoZibandlela wabhalisa i-«霄坑绿茶» njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onophawu lwendawo (inombolo AGI00440).
    * **2018.** Ngokombiko wesifunda, izimboni eziyisithupha ezinkulu zetiye zomuzi zahlangana zaba yinhlangano yetiye, eyathola ilungelo lokusebenzisa uphawu lwendawo.
    * **2025.** Ngesimemezelo No. 632 sangoJuni 9, 2025, i-State Intellectual Property Office yamukela i-Xiaokeng Lücha njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Igama:** 霄 (*xiāo*) lisho «ukuphakama kwasezulwini, amafu», 坑 (*kēng*) lisho «umgodi, isibonda». Ngokwe-athikili yango-2024, ngisho nabadala abakwazi ukusho ukuthi igama livela kuphi; lichazwa ngokubukeka kwesigodi, okuthi kusuka phezulu emafini kubukeke njengomgodi. Ukhiye we-«mvula» kuhlamvu lokuqala wavela kuphela ngo-2003.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Kumuzi, itiye liyisisekelo somnotho, futhi ezungeze lona kwakhula ezokuvakasha. Ukuhlolwa kwenani lemikhiqizo yetiye yesifunda yase-China, okubhekiselwa kuso isifunda, kwanikeza igama u-76 wezigidi zamayuan ngo-2013 no-1.197 wezigidigidi ngo-2025.

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** 霄坑大叶马兰种 (*Xiāokēng dàyè mǎlán zhǒng*) uhlobo lwendawo lwamaqabunga amakhulu i-Malan. Incazelo yezitshalo yohlobo ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele. Ngokombiko wesifunda, umuzi kanye ne-Anhui Agricultural University bakhetha izihlahla ezinhle kakhulu zendawo zenkulisa.
* **Ukuvuna:** Ngesandla kuphela, njengoba kushiwo ezimfunekweni zokuvikela.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Izimfuneko azilibeki. Izinsuku eziqondile zokuvuna azitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-terroir kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Umhosha ezintabeni ezisentshonalanga ze-Jiuhuashan, ekujuleni kwesiqiwi sase-Laoshan (老山自然保护区). Izincazelo zikhuluma ngenkungu nobuningi bomswakama; ukuminyana kwehlathi lomuzi, ngokwemininingwane yawo ka-2025, kungaphezu kuka-95% (ikhasi lesifunda lango-2023 lalibiza u-92%).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ngokwezimfuneko zokuvikela, izivande zitshalwa ekuphakameni kuka-**100–650 m**. Umbiko wesifunda ubiza ukuphakama okuphakathi komuzi cishe u-700 m, lokhu kuphikisana nezimfuneko.
* **Indawo:** Indawo eyisicaba, ithala elibanzi noma umthambeka omnene ongaphansi kuka-25°, onokugeleza kwamanzi okuhle nokuvikelwa emoyeni.
* **Inhlabathi:** Umhlabathi ovundile oyisihlabathi, ocebile ngezinto eziphilayo, ogcina amanzi nezakhi kahle; ukushuba kwesendlalelo kungaphezu kuka-70 cm, pH 4.5–6.5.
* **Ukunakekelwa kwesivande:** Ngaphandle kwemithi yokubulala ukhula, izibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali kanye nama-hormone: ukulima okuncane ngaphambi nangemva kokuvuna kwentwasahlobo, ukulima okujulile kwemigqa ngo-20–30 cm ekwindla noma ebusika; njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa emva kokuvuna kwentwasahlobo kuyanqunywa phezulu komqhele ngo-10–15 cm.
* **Ububanzi nomkhiqizo:** Izinombolo ziyahlukahluka. I-athikili yango-2024 ibiza ngaphezu kuka-5000 *mu* ezivande kanye no-70 t wetiye ngonyaka, umbiko wesifunda wango-2025 ubiza u-6000 *mu* kanye nangaphezu kuka-140,000 *jin*, okusho ukuthi u-70 t ofanayo.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Izimfuneko zokuvikela zichaza izindlela ezimbili, kodwa ngaphandle kwemingcele.

* **Itiye eliyisicaba elidumile (扁形名茶):** ukubola kweqabunga elisha (摊青, *tānqīng*) — ukulungiswa (杀青, *shāqīng*) — ukubunjwa (做形, *zuòxíng*) — ukomiswa (干燥, *gānzào*).
* **I-Maofeng kanye netiye elikhulu ([毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maofengcha)茶、大宗茶):** ukubola kweqabunga elisha — ukulungiswa — ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*) — ukomiswa.

Incazelo yezigaba ewuhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba: iqabunga likhipha ingxenye yomswakama, ukushisa kumisa ukutshalwa kwe-oxidation, iqabunga lithola ukuma, ukomiswa kuliqinisa. Amazinga okushisa nesikhathi awatholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

**6. Izici ze-organoleptic:**

Incazelo inikezwe ngokwezimfuneko zokuvikela zango-2025; kubakaki kukhona amagama omthombo.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Lisongwe ngokuqinile, liqinile (紧结壮实); umbala uluhlaza okotshani, ucwebezela ngamafutha, unamapushana abonakalayo (翠绿油润显毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lomunyu:** I-castnut, iphakeme futhi inde (栗香高长). Izimfuneko azihlukanisi iphunga leqabunga nelomunyu.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha, okuthambile, okuvuselelayo, nokubuyela okumnandi (鲜醇爽口回甘). I-athikili yesifunda yengeza ukuthi itiye lisekela ukuthelwa kaningi.
* **Umbala womunyu:** Ocwebile, oluhlaza, ogqamile (清澈绿亮).
* **Phansi kwetiye (iqabunga elidliwayo):** Kuluhlaza okotshani obuthambile, kulingana, kugqamile (嫩绿匀亮).

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Izimfuneko zokuvikela zibeka amabanga:

| Isilinganiso | Okuqukethwe |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-amino acid | 2.8–4.0 % |
| Ama-polyphenol etiye | 25–32 % |
| I-caffeine | 3–4.8 % |
| Izinto ezikhishwayo | 35–51 % |

Lezi yizimfuneko zedokhumenti, hhayi imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwamaqoqo athile: imininingwane enjalo ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinto eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukwenziwa kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba wetiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yegilasi ngetiye eliyisicaba, i-gaiwan ngetiye elisontelwe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Shisa izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukunambitheka kokuqala ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yomunyu.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphindaphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ngo-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Iphunga le-castnut liyaphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke itiye kungcono uliphuze phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nemikhohlisi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Uzivikela kanjani emikhohlisweni:**
    * Funani uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo: lunikezwa kuphela abakhiqizi abasendaweni evikelwe.
    * Khumbulani ubukhulu bendawo: umuzi owodwa ukhiqiza, ngokwemibiko, cishe u-70 t wetiye ngonyaka. Ukunikezwa ngaphansi kwaleli gama ngobuningi obungahambisani nesigodi kuyisizathu semibuzo.
    * Ungadidanisi negama elithi «肖坑»: umuzi wawubizwa kanjalo kuze kube ngu-2003, futhi uphawu lwentengiso ngaleli gama, ngokwe-athikili yango-2024, kudala lungaselona elomuzi.

**12. Amaqiniso athokozisayo:**

* Umuzi washintsha uhlamvu egameni lawo ukuze uthole uphawu lwentengiso, kodwa wahluleka ukulibhalisa, ngoba igama elisha lizwakala njengelidala.
* Indawo evikelwe ayihlanganisi kuphela umuzi uqobo, kodwa neqembu elilodwa lokukhiqiza lomuzi ongumakhelwane wase-Xishan.
* Ngokuhlolwa kwenani lemikhiqizo yetiye yesifunda, eminyakeni eyishumi nambili inani legama likhule cishe izikhathi eziyishumi nesithupha.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namatiye ase-Anhui angomakhelwane:**

* **I-Jiuhua Fo Cha ([九华佛茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jiuhua-fucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lentaba i-Jiuhuashan yesifunda esifanayo sase-Chizhou; esinye sezikole zalo, ngokwe-athikili ye-corpus, naso sinohlobo lwe-castnut.
* **I-Taiping Hou Kui ([太平猴魁](https://thetea.app/zu/article/taiping-hou-kui)):** Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lesifunda sase-Huangshan; e-Xiaokeng Lücha ukwakheka okuyisicaba kungenye kuphela yezindlela ezimbili.
* **I-Huangshan Mao Feng ([黄山毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/huangshan-mao-feng)):** Isibonelo se-maofeng yase-Anhui; umugqa wesibili we-Xiaokeng Lücha nawo uhlanganisa i-maofeng.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Xiaokeng Lücha itiye elinendawo evikelwe ekwazi ukungena esigodini esisodwa sasentabeni. Izimfuneko zalo zimfushane futhi zicacile: uhlobo lwendawo lwamaqabunga amakhulu i-Malan, ukuvunwa ngesandla, ukwakheka okuyisicaba noma okusontelwe, iqabunga eliluhlaza okotshani elinamapushana kanye nephunga le-castnut. Umlando walo ungumlando womuzi owashintsha uhlamvu egameni, walahlekelwa uphawu lwentengiso, futhi wazibuyisela igama lawo ngophawu lwendawo.