---
title: "Xiāngyáng hóng"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiangyang-hong
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Xiāngyáng hóng (襄阳红)

**I-Xiangyang Hong** (*Xiāngyáng hóng*, 襄阳红) itiye elibomvu lesifunda sasedolobheni i-Xiangyang (襄阳) enyakatho-ntshonalanga yesifundazwe sase-Hubei. Igama lisho ukuthi «elibomvu lase-Xiangyang». Lesifunda ngokomlando senza itiye eliluhlaza, futhi ngokwencazelo yendawo itiye elibomvu elingaphansi kwaleli gama laqala ukwakhiwa ngo-2010, ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele izinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiwa kwehlobo nekwindla. Kusukela ngo-2014 igama livikelwe wuphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo; umnikazi wophawu yinhlangano yemboni yesifunda sase-Baokang (保康县). Umbhalo wophawu onencazelo yomkhiqizo angikawuboni, ngakho ukubukeka kwetiye ngezansi kunikezwe ngokwencazelo yereferensi, hhayi ngokwezimfuneko zophawu.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye elibomvu (红茶, *hóngchá*), eline-oxidized ngokuphelele. Isigaba siqanjwe egameni («红») futhi siqinisekiswa yincazelo yereferensi yokubukeka: ukusonteka okuncane okuminyene, iqabunga elimnyama elicwebezelayo, umgqondo obomvu. Umbhalo wophawu obonisa isigaba angikawuboni.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye elibomvu lenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Hubei; umkhiqizo onophawu lwesitifiketi sendawo (2014).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), isifunda sasedolobheni i-Xiangyang (襄阳, *Xiāngyáng*). Irejista yesifundazwe ibonisa isifunda sase-Baokang (保康, *Bǎokāng*) njengendawo yokuphatha yomnikazi wophawu; lokhu akusiyo imingcele yezomthetho yendawo, futhi angikayihloli.
* **Umnikazi wophawu:** Inhlangano yemboni yetiye ye-«Xiangyang Hong» yesifunda sase-Baokang (保康县襄阳红茶业协会) — ngokwerejista yesifundazwe ka-2020.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Isifunda sase-Baokang — cishe 31.9° N futhi 111.3° E. Incazelo yendawo ibeka izindawo zetiye zesifunda cishe ku-32° N.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Ngaphambi kweminyaka yawo-1980.** Ngokwezinto zenhlangano yetiye yedolobha, ezixoxwa yincazelo yereferensi, iziphathimandla zezolimo zase-Xiangyang zazithumela amabhizinisi endawo ukuthi akhiqize amaqoqo amancane etiye elibomvu, ikakhulukazi ukuze athengiselwe i-USSR. Isisekelo somkhakha ngaleso sikhathi sasiyitiye eliluhlaza.
    * **2010.** Ngokwencazelo efanayo, lapho imakethe yetiye eliluhlaza iqala ukugcwala, amabhizinisi etiye edolobha kanye ne-academy yedolobha yesayensi yezolimo baqala ukwakha indlela entsha yokucubungula izinto zokusetshenziswa zasehlobo nezasekwindla futhi ngaphansi kwegama elithi «襄阳红» bakhipha itiye elibomvu.
    * **Ukwethulwa.** Incazelo ibika ngokwethulwa kwe-Xiangyang Hong «ephezulu» ngoMeyi edolobhaneni lase-Wushan (五山镇) lesifunda sase-Gucheng (谷城县) nangokunambitha kokuqala ngoSepthemba wonyaka ofanayo e-Xiangyang. Unyaka awukhonjisiwe embhalweni otholakele.
    * **2014.** Kwabhaliswa uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo «襄阳红»: ngokwerejista yesifundazwe ka-2020 — inombolo 12560461, isigaba 30, umkhiqizo — itiye. Isikhathi sokuqala selungelo elikhethekile — kusukela mhla ziyi-14 kuNcwaba 2014 kuya mhla ziyi-13 kuNcwaba 2024.
* **Igama:** «Xiangyang» (襄阳) — igama lesifunda sasedolobheni, «hong» (红) — «okubomvu». Igama lihlobene nesifunda, kanti umnikazi wophawu uhlobene nesifunda esisodwa; ukuthi indawo yophawu nesifunda kuhlotshaniswa kanjani angikutholanga.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Iziphathimandla zedolobha, ngokwencazelo, zakha umkhakha ngezinsika ezimbili: uphawu lwesifunda olujwayelekile «[襄阳高香茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiangyang-gaoxiang-cha)» kanye nomugqa ophezulu wetiye elibomvu «襄阳红». Ifomula yencazelo — «itiye eliluhlaza liyinhloko, elibomvu liyinsiza» (绿茶为主、红茶为辅). Umbhalo wendawo uphinde uhlobanise indawo no-Shennong, okuthiwa wazama lapha amakhambi amaningi, futhi no-Zhuge Liang, owayehlala e-Longzhong (隆中) ngaphansi kwe-Xiangyang. Lezi izithombe zombhalo wendawo, hhayi imininingwane ngetiye uqobo.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / I-cultivar:** Izinhlobo azikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Ngokwencazelo yereferensi, izinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiwa kwehlobo nekwindla (夏秋茶). Nge-Xiangyang Hong «ephezulu» incazelo ibiza «ama-buds asagolide» (黄金毫), okusho ukuthi emaqoqweni aphezulu kunama-buds anoboya obusagolide; izinga lokukhiwa alikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isikhathi sokukhiwa:** Izikhathi eziqondile azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Ngokwencazelo yendawo, izindawo eziyinhloko zetiye zesifunda — izifunda zezintaba i-Nanzhang (南漳), i-Baokang ne-Gucheng, lapho i-Jingshan ridge (荆山) ihlangana khona namagatsha e-Wudangshan (武当山).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isimo sezulu nomhlabathi:** Incazelo ibiza isimo sezulu ngokuthi «esiyinqayizivele», kodwa ayinikezi izinombolo. Imininingwane ngomhlabathi ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokwencazelo yereferensi, i-Xiangyang Hong yenziwe ngendlela entsha yokucubungula izinto zokusetshenziswa zasehlobo nezasekwindla, eyakhiwa kanye ne-academy yedolobha yesayensi yezolimo. Incazelo ayinikezi indlela uqobo kanye nemingcele yayo, futhi umbhalo wophawu onezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe angikawuboni.

Ngezansi kunesikimu esijwayelekile setiye elibomvu, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe baleli tiye:

1.  **Ukuvutshelwa (萎凋, *wěidiāo*):** Iqabunga lilahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama futhi liba lithambile.
2.  **Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Amaseli eqabunga ayaphuka, ijusi liphuma phezulu.
3.  **I-oxidation (发酵, *fājiào*):** Iqabunga liba mnyama, umgqondo uba bomvu.
4.  **Ukomiswa (干燥, *gānzào*):** I-oxidation iyamiswa, itiye lilethwa ekomeni.

**6. Izici Zokuzwa Ngezitho Zomzimba:**

Incazelo engezansi ithathwe embhalweni wereferensi nge-«襄阳红»; ukuthi iphendula eliphi iqoqo nokuthi iyahambisana yini nezimfuneko zophawu akwaziwa.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ukusonteka okuncane, okuminyene, okude okunamaphuzu amahle, ama-buds asagolide ayabonakala, umbala umnyama futhi ucwebezelayo (条索紧细秀长，金黄芽毫显露，锋苗秀丽，色泽乌润).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Akukho ncazelo ehlukile.
* **Iphunga lomgqondo:** Kunephunga elimnandi, eligcwele futhi elihlala isikhathi eside (香气芬芳，馥郁持久); incazelo ayicacisi ukuthi iphunga lihlobene nesigaba esomile noma umgqondo. Nge-Xiangyang Hong «ephezulu» ochwepheshe ekwethulweni, ngokwencazelo, baphawula «ubumnandi obuthambile bephunga» (嫩甜香).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Nge-Xiangyang Hong «ephezulu» — «ethambile futhi egcwele» (滋味醇); emaqoqweni ajwayelekile akukho ncazelo ehlukile.
* **Umbala womgqondo:** Obomvu ogqamile futhi osobala (汤色红艳明亮).
* **Izinsalela zetiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** Elibomvu elisha, elikhanyayo (叶底鲜红明亮).

Ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe kwe-Xiangyang Hong «ephezulu» incazelo ikufingqa ngamafomula amane: 黄金毫、嫩甜香、汤色艳、滋味醇 — ama-buds asagolide, iphunga elimnandi elithambile, umgqondo ogqamile, ukunambitheka okuthambile.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo ayikho.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye elibomvu.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 90–95 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** I-gaiwan noma i-teapot ye-porcelain.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukufudumeza izitsha.
    2. Beka itiye bese uthela amanzi.
    3. Ukuphisa kokuqala — cishe umzuzu owodwa.
    4. Khipha wonke umgqondo.
    5. Yandisa kancane ukuphisa ngakunye okulandelayo.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Endaweni eyomile emnyama ngezinga lokushisa legumbi, ekupakisheni okuqinile okungabonisi ukukhanya, kude namaphunga angaphandle.

**11. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa:**

Imininingwane ngezintengo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Isimo sophawu:** Ngokwerejista yesifundazwe ka-2020, isikhathi sokuqala sophawu № 12560461 siphele mhla ziyi-13 kuNcwaba 2024. Ukuthi sinwetshiwe yini, akubonakali emithonjeni etholakele. Irejista ka-2026 ibika igama njengelibhalisiwe ngosuku lomthombo.
* **Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwesitifiketi «襄阳红» ekupakisheni bese ubuza umdayisi ukuthi umkhiqizi uvunyelwe yini ukulusebenzisa.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni sasedolobheni i-Xiangyang. Umnikazi wophawu ubhalwe esifundeni sase-Baokang, kodwa incazelo yereferensi ibiza i-«襄阳红» njengomsebenzi ohlanganyelwe wamabhizinisi etiye edolobha; imingcele yendawo yophawu ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
    * Ungadidanisi nephawu lesifunda «襄阳高香茶»: leli elinye igama elinophawu lwalo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Itiye elibomvu e-Xiangyang, ngokwencazelo yendawo, lalenziwa nangaphambilini — ngamaqoqo amancane ukuze kuthunyelwe e-USSR ngaphambi kweminyaka yawo-1980, — kodwa umkhakha wahlala isikhathi eside uluhlaza.
* Igama elithi «襄阳红» libhekisela esifundeni sonke, kanti uphawu luphethwe yinhlangano yesifunda esisodwa — i-Baokang.
* Ukwethulwa kwe-Xiangyang Hong «ephezulu», ngokwencazelo, akuzange kwenziwe e-Baokang, kodwa edolobhaneni lase-Wushan lesifunda sase-Gucheng.
* Kurejista yesifundazwe ka-2020 isifunda sase-Baokang sinezimpawu ezimbili zetiye ezinabanikazi abahlukene: i-«襄阳红» ibhalwe ngenhlangano ye-«Xiangyang Hong», kanti i-«[保康绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/baokang-lucha)» ibhalwe ngenye inhlangano yetiye yesifunda (保康县荆山锦茶业技术协会).

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye ase-Hubei:**

* **I-Xiangyang Gaoxiang Cha (襄阳高香茶):** Uphawu olujwayelekile lwesifunda esifanayo olunophawu lwalo; ngokwezincazelo zendawo, indawo eyinhloko kulo ithathwa yitiye eliluhlaza.
* **I-Baokang Lücha (保康绿茶):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase-Baokang — lesifunda esifanayo lapho kubhalwe khona umnikazi wophawu lwe-Xiangyang Hong.
* **I-Xieshan Diecui ([薤山叠翠](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xieshan-diecui)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lezintaba zase-Xieshan esifundeni sase-Gucheng sesifunda esifanayo.
* **I-Yihong Gongfu ([宜红工夫](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yihong-gong-fu)):** Itiye elibomvu lase-Yichang elinomlando omude wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
* **I-Lichuan Hong ([利川红](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lichuan-hong)):** Itiye elibomvu ledolobhana lase-Lichuan esifundeni sase-Enshi entshonalanga yesifundazwe.
* **I-Wufeng Hongcha ([五峰红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wufeng-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda sase-Wufeng esifundeni sase-Yichang.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Xiangyang Hong itiye elibomvu elincane lesifunda elijwayele ukwenza eliluhlaza. Ngokwencazelo yendawo, lakhiwa ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele iqabunga lasehlobo nelasekwindla, futhi lakhiwa eduze kophawu lwesifunda «襄阳高香茶» njengomugqa ophezulu obomvu: ukusonteka okuncane okunama-buds asagolide, umgqondo obomvu ogqamile, ukunambitheka okuthambile. Uphawu egameni lwabhaliswa ngo-2014 ngenhlangano yesifunda sase-Baokang; ukuthi lusasebenza yini ngemva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuqala ngo-2024, ngokwemithombo etholakele akunakushiwo.