---
title: "Xiāngxī huángjīn chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiangxi-huangjin-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Xiāngxī huángjīn chá (湘西黄金茶)

**I-Xiangxi Huangjin Cha** (*Xiāngxī huángjīn chá*, 湘西黄金茶) - "itiye legolide laseXiangxi", igama lesifunda letiye elivela kubantu bendawo ye-huangjincha (黄金茶) kanye nezinhlobo ezikhethiwe ezivela kuyo e-Xiangxi-Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture entshonalanga yesifundazwe saseHunan. Igama livikelwe wuphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo kusukela ngo-2018. Isigaba asisona esisodwa: ngaphansi kwalo kukhishwe amazinga eqembu etiye eliluhlaza, elibomvu nelimhlophe. "Igolide" egameni livela enganekwaneni ngentengo, hhayi ngetiye eliphuzi futhi hhayi ngombala weqabunga. Ingxabano nophawu lwesifunda lwangaphambili lwe-Baojing Huang Jin Cha yafika enkantolo, futhi uphawu lwesifunda lwama.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo nesigaba:** Uphawu lwesifunda olungenasigaba esisodwa. Amazinga eqembu e-Hunan Tea Society: T/HNTI 010-2019 - ukucubungula itiye eliluhlaza, T/HNTI 011-2019 - ukucubungula itiye elibomvu (kusebenza kusukela ngo-1 Septemba 2019), T/HNTI 009-2019 - itiye elimhlophe, T/HNTI 020-2020 - ukucubungula itiye elimhlophe. Elidume kakhulu - eliluhlaza.
* **Isicupho segama:** 黄金 (*huángjīn*) - "igolide": akulona itiye eliphuzi (黄茶) futhi akulona uhlobo olunamaqabunga aphuzi njenge-黄金芽.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hunan (湖南, *Húnán*), i-Xiangxi-Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture (湘西, *Xiāngxī*). Izinga letiye elibomvu lisebenza kuzo zonke izifunda eziyisishiyagalombili kanye namadolobha e-prefecture: Jishou, Luxi, Fenghuang, Huayuan, Baojing, Guzhang, Yongshun kanye ne-Longshan.
* **Ukuvikelwa:** Uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo No. 15887938, isigaba 30, umkhiqizo - "itiye"; umnikazi - isiteshi sobuchwepheshe bezolimo sedolobha lase-Jishou (吉首市经果技术推广站). Igama alibhalisiwe njengophawu lwezolimo lwendawo.
* **Amakhodineti endawo:** I-Jishou - cishe u-28.3° N no-109.7° E.

**2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Imvelaphi.** Isihloko se-"China Rural Revitalization Network" (2023) sithathela itiye lale ndawo ku-"Xi Zhou cha" (溪州茶) yesikhathi se-Song. I-Huangjincha ikhula ngasemfuleni i-Lengzhaihe (冷寨河), ikakhulukazi emizaneni yase-Aikou (隘口村) edolobheni lase-Jishou kanye nase-Huangjin (黄金村) esifundeni sase-Baojing, lapho isibongo esikhulu kungu-Xiang (向) futhi imindeni ihlobene.
    * **Amagama amathathu.** Ekuqaleni itiye lalibizwa ngomfula, kusukela ngawo-1990 kuya ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 - "换金茶" (*huànjīn chá*, "itiye lokushintshanisa ngegolide"), manje - "黄金茶".
    * **Izinganekwane.** Kunezinguqulo ezingaphezu kweshumi. Edume kakhulu, ngokwesiko: ngo-1539 (嘉靖十八年) ibutho lika-censor u-Lu Jie (陆杰) lagula ezintabeni ngenxa "yomoya omubi" (瘴气), isalukazi esingumMiao saphuzisa abantu itiye elivela ezihlahleni zalo eziyikhulu, futhi u-Lu Jie wasipha isigaxa segolide. Kusuka lapho isaga esithi "一两黄金一两茶" - "i-liang yegolide nge-liang yetiye". Isihloko sika-2023 asizange siyithole le nto ku-"History of Ming" noma ku-"Veritable Records" yombusi u-Shizong; ireferensi "ye-China Gate" (2013), ngokuphambene, ikhomba ku-"Veritable Records", kanti futhi unyaka we-18 we-Jiajing uyawunika emabakaki njengo-1545. Ngokwenguqulo yesibili, evela emlandweni we-Qing wesifunda sase-Baojing, ngezikhathi ze-Jiaqing (嘉庆), itiye laklonyeliswa ngegolide futhi lenziwa itiye lokwethulwa yinhloko ethile yezwe.
    * **Kusukela ngo-2004** kwaqala ukuvuselelwa komkhakha.
    * **Kusukela ngo-2009**, ngokwesinqumo se-Beijing Higher People's Court njengoba kulandiswa yi-"China Intellectual Property News" (2025), ukutshala kwaphuma e-Baojing kwangena e-Jishou, e-Longshan nakwezinye izifunda: itiye legolide lase-Xiangxi "引种自保靖黄金茶" - lisuselwa kwelase-Baojing.
    * **2014-2018.** Ngokwe-"China Intellectual Property News" (2025), isicelo safakwa ngoDisemba 2014; ngemuva kwenqubo yokuphikisa, uphawu lwabhaliswa ngoFebhuwari 2018.
    * **Ingxabano yezimpawu.** NgoMashi nangoDisemba 2018, izikhungo zesifunda sase-Baojing zafuna ukuthi uphawu luthathwe njengolungenzi lutho; i-State Intellectual Property Office yalusigcina. Isikhungo sesifunda somkhakha wetiye sahlulwa nasekuqulweni kwecala lokuqala - ukufana kwezimpawu ezimbili nophawu lwendawo inkantolo yakuthatha ngokuthi umthengi udideka yini ngendawo yemvelaphi - futhi sahoxisa isicelo sokudlulisa. Isicelo esafakwa ngoJanuwari 2019 yizinhlangano zase-Baojing kanye nenyunyana yokubambisana, sadlula emijikelezweni eminingana: ngoFebhuwari 2023 ihhovisi laphinde lalusigcina uphawu, futhi inkantolo yokuqala kanye ne-Beijing Higher People's Court bavumelana nalo. Izindawo zezimpawu ziyahlangana, kodwa ngayinye inemithetho yayo yokusetshenziswa kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi.
* **Igama:** 湘西 (*Xiāngxī*) - "intshonalanga ye-Hunan", 黄金 (*huángjīn*) - "igolide". Isihlahla esidala kunawo wonke emzaneni wase-Huangjin, ngokwemithombo yabezindaba, ochwepheshe basibiza "ngokuthi 可以喝的文物" - "itshe lesikhumbuzo elingaphuzwa".

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Abantu:** I-Huangjincha iyinzalo yembewu enofuzo oluyinkimbinkimbi kanye nama-genotype nama-phenotype amaningi (ireferensi "ye-China Gate", 2013).
* **Izingadi ezindala:** Ezingadini eziyisikhombisa ezindala zomzaneni wase-Huangjin kunezihlahla ezingu-2057 zezikhathi ze-Ming ne-Qing; esidala kunazo zonke, ngokombiko ka-2020, sineminyaka engu-414, futhi siyisona kuphela esiphilayo sase-Hunan esivikelwe njengefa elingaphatheki.
* **Izinhlobo:** Ngokwesihloko sika-2023, ezingadini ezindala kuye kwahlonzwa imigqa eyi-104, kanti ukusikwa kwezihlahla kukhethwe "1号", "2号", "8号", "168号" kanye nezihlahla ezithile. Izinhlobo ze-保靖黄金茶1号 kanye ne-2号 zakhuliswa ne-Hunan Tea Institute; i-1号 yadlula ukubhaliswa kwesifundazwe.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Izinga letiye elimhlophe likhuluma ngeminqumo, amaqabunga kanye neziqu zezinhlobo ze-huangjincha; azikho izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe zetiye eliluhlaza emithonjeni evulekile.

**4. I-terroir kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Izintaba zase-Wulingshan entshonalanga ye-Hunan. Indawo yokuqala - umngcele we-Jishou ne-Baojing, ngokwesihloko sika-2023 - umngcele wakudala wezindawo zama-Han nezintaba zama-Miao.
* **Isimo sezulu kanye nenhlabathi:** Endaweni yophawu akukho datha mayelana nokuphakama, inhlabathi kanye nemvula emithonjeni etholakele. Ngokombiko ka-2020, izingadi zesifunda sase-Baojing ziyindawo enenkungu, imvula eningi kanye nenhlabathi evundile ebhande lenhlabathi equkethe i-selenium.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe buxhomeke esigabeni; imibhalo yamazinga eqembu ayivulekile, ayikho imingcele.

* **Itiye eliluhlaza.** Ngokwesihloko sika-2023 - imisebenzi emithathu: ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*), ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*) kanye nokomisa (干燥, *gānzào*); lolu uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba esiluhlaza.
* **Itiye elibomvu.** Ngokwesihloko esifanayo, ubuchwepheshe basungulwa cishe ngo-2008 ngaphansi kwethonya laseTaiwan; umbhali ugxeka ukugazinga - iphunga likhona, kodwa akukho mbuyiselo omnandi.
* **Itiye elimhlophe.** Ngokwezinga T/HNTI 009-2019 - ukubuna, ukoma kanye nokukhetha.
* **Isimo seqabunga.** Ngokwe-"Banyuetan" (2023), inkampani i-中茶 kanye nethimba lesayensi badlulisela kwitiye lase-Baojing ubuchwepheshe beqabunga eliqondile le-Guzhang Maojian: ngaphambili iqabunga elalisongelwe kancane laba liqondile. Ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene yini nomkhiqizo ongaphansi kophawu lwesifunda, akucaci emthonjeni.

**6. Izici ze-organoleptic:**

Umbhalo wophawu onencazelo yokubukeka emithonjeni evulekile awukho. Ngezansi - incazelo yomkhiqizo ongaphansi kophawu njengoba kulandiswa esihlokweni sereferensi (Baidu Baike); ngokubukeka lokhu itiye eliluhlaza.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Iqabunga eliminyene, elikhulu futhi elinesisindo, eliluhlaza okwesikhazakhaza, elinoboya obubonakalayo.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Linamandla.
* **Iphunga lokumpompa:** Iphunga lemvelo elikhethekile lezimbali.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha, nokuthinta okukhethekile "kokusanhlamvu" (谷韵).
* **Umbala wokumpompa:** Oluhlaza ophuzi futhi ocacile.
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** Eliluhlaza okotshani, elikhanyayo futhi lithambe kakhulu.

Ngetiye lase-Baojing abezindaba bendawo baphinda ifomula ethi "四高四绝": ama-amino acid amaningi, ama-polyphenol, izinto ezikhiphekayo kanye ne-chlorophyll; iphunga eliminyene, ukuphuza okuluhlaza okwesikhazikhazi, ubusha emlonyeni kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi okuthambile (茶香浓郁、汤色翠绿、入口清爽、回味甘醇).

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Isihloko sereferensi ngophawu (Baidu Baike) sinikeza lokhu kwakheka; ukuqoqwa, unyaka kanye nendlela yokulinganisa akushiwongo.

| Inkomba | Okuqukethwe |
| :--- | :--- |
| Izinto ezikhiphekayo | 46.6 % |
| Ama-amino acid | 7.8 % |
| Ama-polyphenol | 20.6 % |
| I-caffeine | 4.12 % |

Ngetiye lase-Baojing lasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo abezindaba (2020, 2023) bathi ama-amino acid angu-7.47 % - okuphindwe kabili kunetiye eliluhlaza elijwayelekile lokuqoqwa okufanayo - ama-polyphenol acishe abe ngu-20 % kanye nezinto ezikhiphekayo ezicishe zifinyelele ku-50 %, ngokubhekisele ekuhlaziyweni okwenziwa kanye ne-Hunan Tea Institute. Azikho izidingo zophawu noma izinga mayelana nokwakheka emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo; inganekwane "yomoya omubi" iyinganekwane.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 75-80 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yegilasi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:** Fudumeza izitsha, thela amanzi ngodonga, ukumpompa kokuqala - emizuzwini engu-40-60; ukuphinda kugcwaliswe kabili noma kathathu.

Itiye elibomvu nelimhlophe ngaphansi kwaleli gama kuphuzwa ngokomkhuba wesigaba sazo.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0-5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye nephunga; kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nomgunyathi:**

Ngokwesihloko sika-2023, akukho ukuhlukaniswa ngebanga okufanayo, futhi imakethe ibheka itiye ngohlobo lwesihlahla: itiye le-Qingming lohlobo No. 1 - cishe ama-yuan angu-500-800, lohlobo No. 2 - cishe ama-yuan angu-1200-1800 (iyunithi yesisindo ayikashiwongo esihlokweni).

* **Ungawagwema kanjani umgunyathi:**
    * Bheka uphawu "湘西黄金茶" kanye nenkomba yesifunda noma idolobha phakathi kweziyisishiyagalombili ze-prefecture.
    * Hlukanisa ne-Baojing Huang Jin Cha - lolu uphawu oluhlukile, lwakudala olunendawo ngaphakathi kwesifunda esisodwa.
    * Uphawu lokuhweba "黄金茶" ngaphandle kokucaciswa kwendawo, ngokwesihloko sika-2023, alibhalisiwe e-Xiangxi; abakhiqizi bendawo bangabanikazi kuphela be-"湘西黄金茶" kanye ne-"保靖黄金茶".
    * Ungakudidi ngetiye "legolide" lendawo yentaba yase-Sanqingshan e-Jiangxi kanye nezinhlobo ezinamaqabunga aphuzi ze-黄金芽.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Izicelo zokuthatha uphawu lwesifunda njengolungenzi lutho zafakwa ngo-2018 nango-2019; ngesinqumo sakamuva se-Beijing Higher People's Court abezindaba babika ngoJanuwari 2025 - uphawu lwama.
* Nge-catty eyodwa yetiye lase-Baojing, ngokombiko ka-2020, kuqoqwa ngesandla iminqumo engu-32-35 wezinkulungwane.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa nomakhelwane:**

* **I-Baojing Huang Jin Cha (保靖黄金茶):** Itiye langempela labantu abafanayo; uphawu lwesifunda sase-Baojing (isicelo 2010, ukubhaliswa 2011) kanye nophawu lwezolimo lwendawo lwango-2010. I-Xiangxi Huangjin Cha - izinga lesifunda ngaphezu kwalo.
* **I-Baojing Huang Jin Hong Cha ([保靖黄金红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/baojing-huang-jin-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lezinto ezingavuthiwe ezifanayo.
* **I-Guzhang Maojian ([古丈毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/guzhang-mao-jian)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase-Guzhang, nalo elingaphakathi kwendawo yophawu.
* **I-Anji Huang Jin Ya ([安吉黄金芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anji-huangjin-ya)):** Itiye "legolide" ngombala weqabunga elinamaqabunga aphuzi lase-Zhejiang - ukuqhathanisa: kwi-Xiangxi Huangjin Cha "igolide" lisegameni kuphela.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Xiangxi Huangjin Cha yigama lesifunda letiye labantu abadala abavela emfuleni i-Lengzhaihe: eliluhlaza, elibomvu nelimhlophe, ngalinye linezinga lalo leqembu. Isisekelo sayo - i-huangjincha ecebile ngama-amino acid, umlando - izinganekwane ngegolide ngaphandle kobufakazi obubhaliwe, kanti ilungelo legama laqinisekiswa yihhovisi kanye nezinkantolo.