---
title: "Wùyuán lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuyuan-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Wùyuán lǜchá (婺源绿茶)

**Wùyuán Lǜchá** (*Wùyuán lǜchá*, 婺源绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase-Wuyuan (婺源县) esifundeni sase-Shangrao enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe saseJiangxi. Akulona itiye elilodwa, kodwa igama elivikelwe phezu komndeni wonke: izinga lesifundazwe lifaka phakathi amatiye "adumile" akhethekile, i-Wuyuan Mingmei ne-Wuyuan Tegong, kanye ne-Chunmee ecwengiwe ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Leli gama livikelwe njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo kusukela ngo-2008; izidingo zokuvikelwa ze-CNIPA zango-2025 ziphikisana nezinga lesifundazwe emaphuzwini amaningana.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*): isigaba siqanjwe egameni, ubuchwepheshe ngokwezinga buwukulungisa, ukusonga, nokomisa.
* **Isigaba:** Igama lesifunda elivikelwe: ngokwezinga "amatiye adumile e-Wulü" (婺绿名茶) kanye "namatiye acwengiwe e-Wulü" (婺绿精制茶).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Jiangxi (江西, *Jiāngxī*), isifunda sase-Shangrao (上饶, *Shàngráo*), isifunda sase-Wuyuan (婺源, *Wùyuán*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Indawo yamanje yokuphatha yesifunda sase-Wuyuan. Lokhu kuchazwa yisimemezelo seNational Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) No. 640 kanye nezinga lesifundazwe; uhlu lwezigodi kanye nezixhumanisi alukho kunoma yimuphi wemibhalo, izinga linamathisela imephu kuphela.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Uhlaka oluqondile alutholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Imibhalo yasendulo.** Ihovisi le-China e-European Union ekwethulweni komkhiqizo licaphuna umugqa we-"Classic of Tea" (茶经) ka-Lu Yu: "歙州茶生于婺源山谷" "itiye lase-Shezhou limila ezigodini zase-Wuyuan". Ukushicilelwa okufanayo kubhala ukuthi "Umlando we-Song" ubala itiye lase-Wuyuan i-Xieyuan (谢源茶) phakathi kwamatiye ayisithupha "angenakuqhathaniswa" (绝品) ezwe, futhi ngesikhathi se-Ming ne-Qing itiye eliluhlaza lase-Wuyuan lalithunyelwa enkantolo njengentela.
    * **Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle.** Ngokushicilelwa okufanayo, itiye eliluhlaza lase-Wuyuan lafinyelela emakethe yangaphandle kakade ngekhulu le-18: ngesikhathi sika-Qianlong lathunyelwa eNgilandi, futhi ngesikhathi sika-Xianfeng izinkampani ezine zetiye zase-Wuyuan, phakathi kwazo i-"Yu Dechang" (俞德昌), zathumela e-Hong Kong amabhokisi ezinkulungwane ambalwa etiye eliluhlaza.
    * **2008.** I-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) ngesimemezelo No. 122 yathatha i-Wuyuan Lücha ngaphansi kokuvikelwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
    * **Irejista yemikhiqizo yezolimo.** Leli gama lifakwe futhi kuhlu lwezimpawu zendawo zemikhiqizo yezolimo ye-Ministry of Agriculture ngaphansi kwenombolo AGI00242, kusukela emakhulwini okuqala erejista.
    * **2013 kanye no-2024.** Izinga lokuqala lesifundazwe, i-DB36/T 752-2013, lathathelwa indawo yi-DB36/T 752-2024, eshicilelwe ngomhla ka-26 Mashi 2024 futhi esebenza kusukela ngomhla ka-1 Septhemba 2024. Uhlobo olusha lwengeze izidingo zekhwalithi futhi lwacacisa izinkomba ze-physicochemical.
    * **Isivumelwano ne-European Union.** I-Wuyuan Lücha ifakiwe emakhulwini okuqala amagama ase-China avikelwe ngaphansi kwesivumelwano se-China ne-European Union ngezimpawu zendawo. Ngokwemininingwane yokwethulwa, itiye lidayiswa emazweni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-60.
    * **2025.** Isimemezelo se-CNIPA No. 640 (umugqa 627) saqaphela i-Wuyuan Lücha njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo; umfakisicelo nguhulumeni wesifunda sase-Wuyuan. Izidingo zokuvikelwa ezigunyaziwe zathatha indawo yesigaba nesithasiselo sekhwalithi esivela esimemezelweni sango-2008.
* **Igama:** "Wuyuan" (婺源) igama lesifunda, "lücha" (绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza. Igama lomlando lokuhweba liyi-"Wulü" (婺绿, *wùlǜ*), ngokohlamvu lokuqala lwesifunda.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** I-Wuyuan ngokomlando yayiyingxenye yesifunda sase-Huizhou, futhi i-"Wulü" ima ohlwini lokuthunyelwa ngaphandle eduze kwe-Anhui Tunlü ([屯绿](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tunlu)).

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Imibhalo emibili ibiza izinhlobo ezahlukene. Ngokwezinga, izinhlobo eziyinhloko yinhlanganisela yendawo yase-Wuyuan (婺源[群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong), *Wùyuán qúntǐzhǒng*) kanye nama-clones atholakala kuyona: i-Shangmeizhou (上梅州, *Shàngméizhōu*), i-Gancha No. 2 (赣茶2号, *Gànchá 2*) kanye ne-Wulü No. 1 (婺绿1号, *Wùlǜ 1*), kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezifanele. Izidingo zokuvikelwa ze-CNIPA zango-2025 zibala i-Shangmeizhou (lapha 上梅洲), i-Zhangke No. 1 (鄣科1号, *Zhāngkē 1*), i-Wucha No. 1, 2, 34 no-43 (婺茶, *Wùchá*) kanye ne-Shangxizao (上溪早, *Shàngxīzǎo*), "nezinye"; ayikho inhlanganisela yendawo kulolu hlu.
* **Indinganiso yokuvuna:** Ngokwezinga lamatiye akhethekile, ingxenye yamahlumela adingekayo eqabungeni elisha imi kanje:

| Uhlobo | Ibanga | Isidingo seqabunga elisha |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Wuyuan Mingmei | Gongpin (贡品) | Amahlumela awodwa angaphezu kuka-80% |
| Wuyuan Mingmei | Zhenpin (珍品) | Ihlumela kanye nehlumela elineqabunga elilodwa angaphezu kuka-80% |
| Wuyuan Tegong | Ibanga eliphezulu (特级) | Ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa noma amabili angaphezu kuka-60% |
| Wuyuan Tegong | Ibanga lokuqala (一级) | Ihlumela elinamacembe amabili noma amathathu angaphezu kuka-60% |

* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-Chunmee:** Amahlumela athambile asentwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla.
* **Ngokwezidingo ze-CNIPA:** Ihlumela, ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa, amabili noma amathathu, kuye ngokuthi yiliphi itiye elenziwayo.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Azikho izinsuku eziqondile ezingeni noma ezidingweni ze-CNIPA.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokulima:**

* **Isifunda:** Enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Jiangxi. Ihovisi le-China e-European Union lichaza isifunda njengesizungezwe izintaba i-Huaiyushan (怀玉山) ne-Huangshan (黄山), ngesimo sezulu esipholile, imvula eningi kanye nenkungu.
* **Izinga lehlathi:** Ngokushicilelwa okufanayo, amahlathi amboza u-82,64% wendawo.
* **Inhlabathi:** Izinga lidinga inhlabathi ene-acidity pH 4,5–6,5, ungqimba olujulile lwenhlabathi kanye ne-organic matter engaphansi kuka-1,0%. Izidingo ze-CNIPA zifana nge-pH ne-organic matter, ungqimba alungaphansi kuka-0,3 m, ithambeka elingaphezu kuka-35°.
* **Ukuphakama kokukhula:** Izidingo zokuvikelwa ze-CNIPA zithi kuphela "ngaphezu kuka-100 m"; akukho mininingwane enembile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukutshala:** Ngokwezidingo ze-CNIPA, kusetshenziswa izithombo ezisikwayo, azikho ngaphezu kwezihlahla ezingama-2500 nge-mu ngomugqa owodwa kanye nezingu-5000 ngemigqa emibili.
* **Izivande ezijwayelekile neziphilayo:** Kumkhiqizo ngamunye izinga lisho imithethonqubo yaso yesifundazwe.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe buchazwa yizinga, futhi lokhu kuyincazelo ye-Wuyuan Lücha ngokuqondile, hhayi uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba. I-Mingmei ne-Tegong:

1.  **Ukunwetshwa kweqabunga elisha (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*)** nokupholisa.
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukuthosa kwesibili (炒二青, *chǎo èrqīng*):** Ukuthosa i-workpiece nokuqondisa intambo (炒坯、理条), bese kupholiswa.
5.  **Ukuthosa kwesithathu (炒三青, *chǎo sānqīng*):** Ukunikeza isimo, bese kupholiswa.
6.  **Ukomisa okuphelele (足干, *zúgān*)** eziko noma ebhodweni.

Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, nokukhethwa nokupakishwa ekugcineni, bubhalwe ezidingweni zokuvikelwa ze-CNIPA zango-2025.

I-Chunmee yenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili: ukucubungula okuyinhloko okufanayo kunikeza i-maocha ethosiwe (炒青毛茶), bese kulandela ukucwenga: ukuhlukanisa ngamaseyizi, ukususa iziqu, ukupepeta, ukuhlukanisa ngombala, ukomisa okwengeziwe nokuthuthukisa umbala, nokuhlanganisa amabheji (匀堆, *yúnduī*).

**6. Izimpawu Ze-Organoleptic:**

Izinga libeka ukubukeka kohlobo ngalunye nebanga ngalinye. Ngezansi ibanga eliphezulu le-Wuyuan Mingmei.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Lisongekile kancane, "njengeshiya", lincane futhi liminyene, linoboya obumhlophe obubonakala kahle, liluhlaza okothamlilo futhi licwebezela, lilingana futhi lihlanzekile (微弯似眉，细紧，白毫显露，嫩绿润，匀净).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Izinga alilichazi; akukho mininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Lithambile noma linezimbali, lihlala isikhathi eside (嫩香或花香持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kusha futhi kuvuselela (鲜爽).
* **Umbala wokumnika:** Uluhlaza okothamlilo, uhlanzekile futhi ukhanyayo (嫩绿清亮).
* **Izindiza zetiye (iqabunga elidliwe):** Lithambile, lilingana, liyaphila, linamahlumela abonakalayo (嫩匀鲜活，显芽).

I-Wuyuan Tegong yebanga lokuqala inuka kahle noma inuka nge-chestnut (清香或栗香), ukumnika kwayo kuphuzi nokuhlaza. I-Chunmee yebanga eliphezulu ineqabunga eliminyene nelincane elinamathiphu acijile, liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (细紧显锋苗，绿润起霜), nephunga elithambile elihlala isikhathi eside nokunambitheka okusha nokugcwele.

Izidingo ze-CNIPA zango-2025 zihlukanisa itiye ngendlela ehlukile: i-Mingmei, ibanga eliphezulu, ibanga lokuqala kanye ne-Chunmee, futhi zichaza i-Mingmei ngamagama azo: ukusonga okuncane okuminyene okunamahlumela agcwele, umbala oluhlaza okothamlilo onokucwebezela okunamafutha, iphunga eliphakeme nelihlala isikhathi eside, ukunambitheka okusha nokumnandi okulandelayo, ukumnika okusobala nokuluhlaza okothamlilo.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izinga lango-2024 libeka imingcele elandelayo. Lezi yizindinganiso, hhayi izilinganiso zeqembu elithile.

| Inkomba | Mingmei ne-Tegong | Chunmee |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama | ungaphezu kuka-7,0% | ungaphezu kuka-7,0% |
| Izingcezu ezincane nothuli | kungaphezu kuka-1,0% | kungaphezu kuka-1,0% |
| Umlotha ophelele | ungaphezu kuka-6,5% | ungaphezu kuka-7,0% |
| Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini | azikho ngaphansi kuka-38% | azikho ngaphansi kuka-36% |
| Ama-polyphenols etiye | azikho ngaphansi kuka-13% | azikho ngaphansi kuka-13% |

Izidingo ze-CNIPA zango-2025 zithambile: kwi-Mingmei, ebangeni eliphezulu nelokuqala, umlotha ufinyelela ku-7,0%, izinto ezincibilikayo kusukela ku-36,0%, ku-Chunmee kusukela ku-34,0%, izingcezu ezincane zifinyelela ku-1,5%; umswakama ungu-6,5% ekuphumeni efektri futhi u-7,0–7,5% lapho udayiswa. Ama-polyphenols awekho lapho. Imithombo evulekile ayisho ukuthi yimuphi umbhalo obaluleke kakhulu emakethe.

Azikho izilinganiso zama-amino acid ne-caffeine emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokuqondile.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Wuyuan Mingmei ne-Tegong:** 80–85 °C, 3 g nge-150 ml, ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe; ukumnika kokuqala ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60, ukuphindwe kabili noma kathathu ngokushiya ingxenye yokumnika.
* **Chunmee:** 85 °C, ukumnika kokuqala cishe umzuzu owodwa.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba: ekupakisheni okuvalekile, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga, kungcono ukuphuza phakathi nonyaka. Izinga lidinga indawo yokugcina ehlanzekile, eyomile, epholile nengenaphunga futhi linquma ukugcinwa ezingeni eliphansi lokushisa ngokomthethonqubo womkhakha i-NY/T 3913.

**11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:**

Akukho mininingwane yezintengo emithonjeni etholakele. Igama lilodwa, kodwa izinto zokusetshenziswa zihlukile: kusukela kumahlumela awodwa e-Mingmei gongpin kuya eqabungeni lasehlobo nelasekwindla le-Chunmee.

* **Uzitholela kanjani izinsiza ezingezona ezangempela:**
    * Funa uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo: umkhiqizi wase-Wuyuan ulithola ngemva kokuhlolwa esifundeni nasesifundazweni nokugunyazwa yi-CNIPA.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda sase-Wuyuan.
    * Qhathanisa uhlobo nebanga ekupakisheni nokubukeka kweqabunga.

**12. Amaqiniso Ajabulisayo:**

* Igama elilodwa elivikelwe lihlanganisa kokubili itiye lamahlumela awodwa kanye ne-Chunmee ecwengiwe, izinga eliyibiza ngesiNgisi ngokuthi "Chunmee tea".
* Ibanga eliphezulu le-Mingmei ngokwezinga libizwa nge-"gongpin" (贡品), igama elifanayo nentela ethunyelwa enkantolo.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye:**

* **Wuyuan Xian Zhi ([婺源仙枝](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuyuan-xian-zhi)):** Itiye lesifunda esifanayo, elichazwe kuhlu lwemibhalo; izinga lango-2024 alilibizi, kodwa uhlu lwalo lwezinhlobo luvulekile (等, "nezinye").
* **Tunlü (屯绿):** Itiye eliluhlaza elithunyelwa ngaphandle lase-Anhui lesifunda sangaphambili sase-Huizhou.
* **Yaoli Nenrui ([瑶里嫩蕊](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yaoli-nenrui)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esingumakhelwane sase-Jingdezhen enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe esifanayo.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Wuyuan Lücha igama elivikelwe lomndeni wonke wamatiye aluhlaza esifunda: i-Wuyuan Mingmei elisongwe kancane, njengeshiya, elivela emahlumela, i-Wuyuan Tegong eminyene, kanye ne-Chunmee ecwengiwe ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Izinga lango-2024 lichaza uhlobo ngalunye ngamabanga, izidingo ze-CNIPA zango-2025 zichaza ngendlela yazo, futhi izinhlobo zazo nemingcele ayihambisani; igama elithi "Wulü" likhumbuza ngokuthunyelwa kwangaphandle kwetiye lase-Wuyuan kudala.