---
title: "Wǔpíng lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuping-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Wǔpíng lǜchá (武平绿茶)

**Uphing Luyicha** (*Wǔpíng lǜchá*, 武平绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni sase-Uphing (武平县) emkhandlwini wedolobha iLongyan entshonalanga yesifundazwe saseFujian, lapho kuhlangana khona iJiangxi neGuangdong. IFujian idume ngama-oolong, amatiye amhlophe nabomvu, kanti i-Uphing iyisihlukumezi: ngokwemithombo yezindaba, lesi yisifunda esikhulu kunazo zonke esifundazweni setshe eliluhlaza eligazingiwe ngokobubanzi bomhlaba nangokukhiqiza. Ngaphansi kophawu olulodwa lwesifunda kukhiqizwa izinhlobo eziningana, eziqanjwe ngentaba iLiangyeshan: ukusonteka okuqondile, iqabunga eliyisicaba, ukusonteka okuyisipeyiri, futhi ngokwemithombo yezindaba yango-2019, kukhona nepharele. Uphawu «武平绿茶» lwabhaliswa ngo-2009 futhi lwaba igama lokuqala lendawo lesifunda.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), eligazingiwe lokulungisa (炒青, *chǎoqīng*).
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentshonalanga yeFujian; uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo (2009); uhlu lukazwelonke lwezinto ezikhethekile nezikhethekile (名特优新) (inombolo CAQS-MTYX-20240744).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseFujian (福建, *Fújiàn*), umkhandlu wedolobha iLongyan (龙岩, *Lóngyán*), isifunda sase-Uphing (武平县, *Wǔpíng Xiàn*).
* **Indawo:** Uhlu lwezimpawu lwesifundazwe lubiza i-Uphing njengendawo yomnikazi wophawu; umngcele oqondile wendawo awukho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Isifunda sase-Uphing cishe singu-25.1° enyakatho no-116.1° empumalanga.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **I-Song – i-Ming.** Ngokomlando wesifunda (武平县志) oshiwo emithonjeni yezindaba, kusukela ngesikhathi se-Song e-Uphing kwakuvunwa itshe lasendle, njengomuthi nanjengesiphuzo. Kusukela enkathini ye-Yongle nge-Ming kuya enkathini ye-Kangxi nge-Qing, itshe lalitshalwa eduze kwezindlu nasemingceleni, futhi ukutshala, ukulungisa nokuphuza itshe kwaba into evamile. Uhlelo lwe-Ming lomlando lubiza itiye elingcono kakhulu lesifunda ngetiye lasentabeni iYuntishan (云梯山) kanye nelaseYanqian (岩前).
    * **I-Qing – intela.** Ngokomlando wesifunda oshiwo emthonjeni wezindaba wesifundazwe, ngesikhathi sikaDaoguang (1821–1850), itiye eliluhlaza lase-Uphing lalidume «ngephunga eliphakeme, ukunambitheka okugcwele nokumnandi nokusha» (香高味浓甘爽) ezindaweni zamaHakka zaseChaozhou, eMeizhou naseTingzhou futhi ngesinye isikhathi laliyintela yenkantolo.
    * **Ngo-1983 nangemva kwalokho.** Kusukela ngo-1983, itiye lathola imiklomelo eminingi yezinga lesifundazwe nangaphezulu; ngo-1991 laqanjwa phakathi kwamatiye ayisishiyagalombili adumile aseFujian, futhi ngo-2007, phakathi kwayishumi nane.
    * **Ngo-2005.** Isifunda saqala ukukhiqiza itiye ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa «武平绿茶».
    * **Ngo-2009.** Ngomhla ka-13 Julayi, «武平绿茶» yabhaliswa njengophawu lwesitifiketi sendawo (inombolo 6524922, ekubhalisweni kukhona nelesiNgisi elithi «Wuping Green Tea»). Umnikazi wophawu yinhlangano yetiye yesifunda sase-Uphing. Leli yigama lokuqala lendawo lesifunda.
    * **Ngo-2010 nangemva kwalokho.** Uphawu lwaqashelwa njengophawu olwaziwayo esifundazweni, kwathi kamuva lwaba uphawu lukazwelonke «olwaziwayo».
    * **Ngo-2024.** Itiye lafakwa ohlwini lukazwelonke lwezinto ezikhethekile nezikhethekile (名特优新) ngesici esithi «iphunga eliphakeme nelibukhali, ukunambitheka okusha» — «iphunga eliphakeme nelibukhali, ukunambitheka okusha».
* **Igama:**
    * «Uphing» (武平) yigama lesifunda.
    * «Luyicha» (绿茶, *lǜchá*) lisho «itiye eliluhlaza».
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** I-Uphing iyindawo eluhlaza emephini yetiye yaseFujian, lapho kubusa khona i-oolong, itiye elimhlophe nelibomvu. Isifunda sakhela ezolimo zaso etiyeni eliluhlaza futhi siqamba uhlu lwaso ngentaba enkulu, iLiangyeshan.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Uhlobo / Imbewu:** Ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa i-Uphing Luyicha, akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele. Ngokomlando wesifunda oshiwo emthonjeni wezindaba, izinhlobo zendawo zakhiwe etiyeni lasendle; ngokwemithombo yezindaba, esifundeni namanje kukhula izihlahla zetiye zasendle, futhi kwezinye izindawo kusagcinwa umkhuba wokwenza itiye ngamaqabunga azo. Umbhalo womlando wendawo (2023) ubala ezinhlotsheni ze-clone esifundeni iMeizhan (梅占), iFuyun 6 (福云6号), iFuding Dahao (福鼎大毫), iWuniu zao ([乌牛早](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuniu-zao)) kanye neJinguanyin ([金观音](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jin-guanyin)), ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi yiziphi ezisetshenziselwa itiye eliluhlaza.
* **Ukuvuna:** Ngokwemithombo yezindaba yesifundazwe (2019), itiye livame ukuvunwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Isisho somphakathi, esicashunwa yilowo mbhalo, sithanda kakhulu itiye elivunwe ngaphambi komkhosi weQingming (清明): «明前茶，贵如金» — «itiye langaphambi kweQingming libiza njengegolide».
* **Indinganiso yokuvuna:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele; futhi ayikho indinganiso ngokombhalo wophawu.
* **Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe:** Imvelaphi kusuka esifundeni sase-Uphing.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** I-Uphing isempambanweni yemigwaqo yaseFujian, eGuangdong naseJiangxi. Intaba enkulu yiLiangyeshan (梁野山); kuyo kwakhiwe isiqiwi sikazwelonke. Ngokwemininingwane eyisisekelo, isifunda sisemaphethelweni aseningizimu wentaba iWuyishan, futhi ukuphakama kweLiangyeshan cishe kungu-1538 m.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ayikho imininingwane ngokuphakama kwezingadi zetiye emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Umhlabathi:** Ngokwamazwi enhlangano yetiye yesifunda emthonjeni wezindaba wesifundazwe (2019), umhlabathi uvundile futhi ujulile; uhlobo lomhlabathi alushiwongo.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Isimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama esinamandla emvula asentshonalanga yeFujian. Lowo mbhalo uphawula umehluko omkhulu wokuphakama esifundeni kanye nenani eliphezulu lehlathi.
* **Izici:** Ngokwemithombo yezindaba (2014), isifunda siyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke eFujian yetshe eliluhlaza eligazingiwe ngokobubanzi bomhlaba nangokukhiqiza; iphephandaba lesifundazwe ngo-2019 libeka ngokuqapha kakhudlwana — «ngenye yezinkulu kunazo zonke».

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

I-Uphing Luyicha itiye eliluhlaza eligazingiwe lokulungisa. Akukho ncazelo ngezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe emithonjeni etholakele; umthombo wezindaba wesifundazwe (2019) usho eminye yezimboni zesifunda umugqa womshini onokulungisa okuqhubekayo. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye eliluhlaza lumile kanje: ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*), ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*), ukubunjwa kanye nokomiswa (干燥, *gānzào*); lolu wuhlelo lwesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe baleli tiye. Izinhlobo zehlukile ngokubunjwa kwazo:

* **Liangye Chaolu (梁野炒绿, *liángyě chǎolǜ*)** — ukusonteka okuqondile (条形).
* **Liangye Cuiya (梁野翠芽, *liángyě cuìyá*)** — iqabunga eliyisicaba (扁形).
* **Liangye Xuelou (梁野雪螺, *liángyě xuěluó*)** — isipeyiri (螺形).
* **Liangye Cuizhu (梁野翠珠, *liángyě cuìzhū*)** — «ipharele» (珠形); leli libizwa ngumthombo wezindaba ka-2019, ukubukeka akuchazwanga.

**6. Izici Zesimo Sokuzwa:**

Ngokwencazelo emthonjeni wezindaba wemboni (2016) yezinhlobo ezintathu; ifomula evamile yohlu lukazwelonke ithi «iphunga eliphakeme nelibukhali, ukunambitheka okusha».

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** IChaolu — ukusonteka okuncane okuqinile okunamafutha kombala osiliva-ngwevu-oluhlaza (条索细紧油润呈银灰绿). ICuiya — iqabunga eliyisicaba eliluhlaza okotshani elimise okwenkemba (扁平墨绿呈剑状). IXuelou — izipeyiri eziqinile, ezimbozwe ngokuphelele ngoboya obumhlophe (紧结如螺，满披白毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** IChaolu — iphunga lekheshe noma iphunga likabhontshisi omhlophe (栗香或绿豆香); ICuiya — iphunga elincane letiye elincane (嫩茶香).
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Eliphakeme, elibukhali neliqinileyo (香气高锐持久): kwiChaolu — elinethoni lekheshe, kwiCuiya — elinezimbali. KwiXuelou — elihlanzekile neliphakeme, linephunga loboya (清高、毫香显露).
* **Ukunambitheka:** IChaolu — kumnandi, kuthambile, kusha, kumelana nokuthelwa kaningi (甘醇鲜爽耐冲泡). ICuiya — kusha futhi kumnandi, iphunga lizwakala ekunambithekeni (鲜爽甘醇且味中透香). IXuelou — kusha, kunephunga (鲜爽透香).
* **Umbala wokumnika:** IChaolu — oluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo noma ophuzi-oluhlaza, ogqamile (嫩绿或黄绿明亮); ICuiya — ohlaza okwesimaragidu noma oluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo, ocacile (翠绿或嫩绿清澈明亮).
* **Iqabunga elitheliwe (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** IChaolu — ophuzi-oluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo, olinganayo, «njengokusikwe ngommese» (嫩黄绿、似刀切般匀称齐整). ICuiya — oluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo, onamanzi, olinganayo. IXuelou — oluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo noma ophuzi-oluhlaza, imiqumbe namaqabunga aphelele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ayikho imininingwane yamakhemikhali emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngokusebenza kwaleli tiye ngqo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C ngetiye eliyisicaba neliyisipeyiri; 85–90 °C ngokusonteka okuqondile.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumala isitsha.
    2. Beka itiye.
    3. Thela amanzi amancane, vumela iqabunga livuleke imizuzwana engu-20–30.
    4. Thela amanzi athe xaxa; ukumnika kokuqala — imizuzu engu-1–2.
    5. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokumnika.
    6. Ukuphinda kabili noma kathathu ukuthelwa.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga. Itiye eliluhlaza liphuzwa lisasha, alidingi ukuguga.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhonyovu:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ukwazi ukugwema imikhonyovu:**
    * Bheka uphawu «武平绿茶».
    * Qiniseka ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni sase-Uphing.
    * Izinhlobo eziningana ngaphansi kophawu olulodwa kuyinto evamile: iChaolu, iCuiya neXuelou ziyimikhiqizo ehlukene yegama elilodwa.
    * Qhathanisa ukubukeka nencazelo: etiyeni eliqondile — ukusonteka okuncane kombala osiliva-ngwevu-oluhlaza, etiyeni eliyisipeyiri — uboya obumhlophe obukhulu.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Ngokwemithombo yezindaba, i-Uphing iyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke eFujian yetshe eliluhlaza eligazingiwe.
* Kakade umlando we-Ming wesifunda wawubeka itiye elingcono kakhulu — elivela entabeni iYuntishan naseYanqian.
* Esifundeni kusakhula izihlahla zetiye zasendle.
* Ngokwemithombo yezindaba yemboni ka-2016, kusukela ngo-2012 itiye lathola izindondo zegolide ezingu-17 emqhudelwaneni kazwelonke wamatiye aluhlaza othi «Zhong lu bei» (中绿杯).
* Uphawu lwango-2009 lwaba igama lokuqala lendawo lesifunda.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:**

* **Shiting Luyicha ([石亭绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shiting-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseningizimu yeFujian elifomula ethi «amaphunga amathathu, okuhlaza okuthathu»; i-Uphing itiye eliluhlaza lasentshonalanga yesifundazwe.
* **Tianshan Luyicha ([天山绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tianshan-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeFujian, lisuka ezintabeni zaseTianshan emkhandlwini weNingde.
* **Bilouchun ([碧螺春](https://thetea.app/zu/article/biluochun)):** Itiye eliyisipeyiri laseJiangsu; eliseduze kakhulu ngokwesimo neLiangye Xuelou.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Uphing Luyicha itiye eliluhlaza esifundazweni sama-oolong, futhi isifunda sikwenze lokhu kwaba isici saso: ngokwemithombo yezindaba, indawo enkulu yetshe eliluhlaza eligazingiwe eFujian, izinhlobo eziningana ngaphansi kophawu olulodwa, eziqanjwe ngentaba iLiangyeshan, kanye nomlando wetiye olandelwa umlando usukela nge-Song. Iphunga eliphakeme nelibukhali kanye nokunambitheka okusha yifomula itiye elangena ngalo ohlwini lukazwelonke lwemikhiqizo ekhethekile.