---
title: "Wénjūn lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/wenjun-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-07-21
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Wénjūn lǜchá (文君绿茶)

Iye itiye eliluhlaza elivela edolobheni lase-Qionglai eSichuan, elinamaqabunga asontiwe anoboya obumhlophe obuchichimayo kanye negama elibusankondlo lomlando elihlonipha u-Zhuo Wenjun — lokho yi-*Wénjūn lǜchá*, elinye lamatiye 'anegama' aziwayo engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-Sichuan.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*).
* **Isigaba:** itiye lendawo elaziwayo lesigaba se-*míngyōu* (名优, 'elikhethiweyo elinegama'); ngokwesigaba sisondele ezingeni eliphakathi nelinsuku zonke — itiye elihle lansuku zonke elinegama lomlando, hhayi inqwaba yekhwalithi ephezulu ngokwedlulele. Lokhu kuhlukanisa itiye neqembu eliphezulu lesifunda (isibonelo, i-*Méngdǐng gānlù* ehamba phambili noma i-*Zhúyèqīng* [竹叶青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhu-ye-qing) enegama elivela eNtabeni i-Emei), kodwa liqinisekisa izinga elihle lekhwalithi kanye nokufinyeleleka.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-Qionglai (邛崃, *Qiónglái*), idolobha lesifunda engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeSichuan Basin, eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Chengdu. Ngokomlando le ndawo yayibizwa nge-Linqiong (临邛, *Línqióng*) futhi yayingesinye sezikhungo zamasiko nezohwebo zasendulo kakhulu esifundeni.
* **Isifunda:** ibhande letiye eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-China — 'umsuka' wawo wamatiye aluhlaza (indawo ehlobene ne-*Méngdǐng gānlù* [蒙顶甘露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mengding-gan-lu) esuka e-Ya'an emakhelwane).
* **Izinga:** inombolo yezinga likahulumeni (GB/T) eqinisekisiwe yaleli gama elithile ayibhalwanga emthonjeni wethu, ngakho ayinikezwanga ngenhloso. Lapho uthenga, kuyancomeka ukuthi ubheke izidingo ezijwayelekile zetiye eliluhlaza kanye nokuboniswa kwemvelaphi (Qionglai / Sichuan) ekupakisheni.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

Igama letiye libhekisela ku-Zhuo Wenjun (卓文君, *Zhuō Wénjūn*) — umlingiswa odumile wasemlandweni oxhumene ngqo ne-Linqiong (i-Qionglai yanamuhla). Indaba yakhe ingenye yezinganekwane zamasiko ezaziwa kakhulu ezihlotshaniswa nale ndawo, futhi igama elithi *Wénjūn lǜchá* lincike ngenhloso kuleli fa lendawo, liguqule itiye libe uhlobo 'lwebhizinisi lokuhlonza' idolobha.

Lo mkhuba — wokunikeza itiye lendawo eliluhlaza igama lomlando nelobuciko — ujwayelekile eSichuan nangokubanzi emasikweni etiye aseChina: igama libhala ngesikhathi esisodwa ukunamathiselwa kwendawo, linxenxa ubunjalo bendawo, futhi lisebenza njengehuku lezentengiso nezamasiko. Endabeni yase-Qionglai, itiye i-Wenjun liba ukwendlalelwa kodumo lwasendulo lwase-Linqiong njengesizinda samasiko.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

Emaqoqweni asezingeni eliphezulu kukhethwa izinto ezingavuthiwe ezithambile zokuqala — ihlumela eliqhakazile kanye neqabunga elilodwa elincane, elicebe uboya, okuyikho okunquma 'ubumpunga' obubonakalayo betiye eseliphelele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezimpawu Zokutshalwa:**

* **I-Cultivar/Uhlobo:** isixuku sendawo sendabuko sezihlahla zetiye — *chuānchá qúntǐ* (川茶群体), 'izinhlobo zeqembu laseSichuan'. Leli akulona i-clone elilodwa elikhethiwe, kodwa isixuku sendabuko sembewu esinezimpande eziqinile emlandweni eSichuan futhi esivumelane kahle nezimo zendawo. Izinhlobo zeqembu zaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bephrofayili yokunambitheka kanye nokuqina kwesimo sezulu sase-basin; zikhiqiza izinto ezingavuthiwe ezijwayelekile ematiyeni amaningi aluhlaza aseSichuan 'anegama' akuleli bhande.
* **Isimo Sezulu:** isimo sezulu esinomswakama sase-basin, ukufiphala kwesibhakabhaka okuvamile kanye nokukhanya okuhlakaile; isimo sezulu esincane esimnene, esinenkungu, nentwasahlobo epholile kanye nomswakama ophezulu.
* **Ukuvunwa:** isimo sezulu esincane esivumayo sivumela ukuvunwa kusenesikhathi — i-*Wénjūn lǜchá* ivunwa ngaphambi kwe-Qingming (明前, *míngqián*), okuyibeka ezingeni elifanayo namanye amatiye aseSichuan okuqala, aphuma emakethe ephakathi kwawokuqala ezweni. Ukufiphala kwesibhakabhaka nokukhanya okuhlakaile kubambezela ukuwohloka kwama-amino acid eqabungeni elincane, kwakha ubusha nesimuncu esimnene okuyisici salo jusi lwesifunda.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokuma kweqabunga eseliphelele i-*Wénjūn lǜchá* ingeyesigaba esisontiwe esinoboya obugqamile — *juǎnqū xiǎnháo* (卷曲显毫). Iqabunga aliluliwe libe 'ipuleti' eliyisicaba, njengamatiye ohlobo lwe-*lóngjǐng*, kodwa liyasontwa, okuphumela ekutheni amacezu etiye abe agobile, aminyene futhi ambozwe kakhulu uboya obusiliva.

Itiye likhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhlangene obuluhlaza — ukugazingwa kanye/noma ukomiswa ngomoya oshisayo (炒/烘, *chǎo / hōng*). Njengawo wonke amatiye aluhlaza, isinyathelo esibalulekile — 'ukubulala uhlaza' (杀青, *shāqīng*): ukushisisa okwesikhashana kwezinga eliphezulu kweqabunga elisha, okungasebenzi ama-enzyme e-oxidative futhi kulungise umbala oluhlaza nephunga elimnandi elisha. Ukusontwa okuqhubekayo kwakha ukugobeka okuyingcaca kwamacezu etiye futhi kusiza ukukhipha ijusi, bese ukomiswa kokugcina (ngokugazinga kanye/noma ngomoya oshisayo) kufaka iqabunga esimeni, kulungise ukuma nephunga.

Inhlanganisela yokugazinga nokomiswa ngomoya ikhiqiza itiye elisesimeni esiphakathi phakathi kwefrofayili 'egazingiwe' egqamile kanye 'nobhakwe' omncane: lisha ngokwanele futhi liphilayo, kodwa ngaphandle kokuba negalelo elinamandla le-castnut eliqholiwe.

**6. Izimpawu Ze-Organoleptic:**

Ifrofayili ye-*Wénjūn lǜchá* iyinhlanganisela ejwayelekile yamatiye aluhlaza eqembu laseSichuan yobusha nobumnandi obumnene. Ubuningi boboya kanye nezinto ezingavuthiwe ezithambile zokuqala kunikeza ukumnandi okuhlanzekile, okuphilayo nokuzwakala kancane okubushelelezi emlonyeni; ukomiswa ngegazinga nangomoya kunezela ngokufudumele okucophelelayo ephungeni ngaphandle kwenothi eliqholiwe eliqinile.

Ungalindela ukumnandi okuhlanzekile, okusha, okunoshukela omncane ophakathi ngokuminyana — ngaphandle kobumunyu obuqinile obuphuma ekugazingeni nangaphandle kwesiqu 'esiwugqinsi' esiqinile nesiqinisa umphimbo, okuyisici, isibonelo, samatiye aluhlaza aseYunnan anamahlamvu amakhulu.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Izincomo zokuphisa (ezijwayelekile ematiyeni aluhlaza asontiwe athambile):

* **Amanzi:** athambile, cishe ngo-80 – 85 °C. Amanzi abilayo 'apheka' amahlumela athambile futhi enze ukumnandi kube mahhadlahhadla futhi kuvuke ubumunyu.
* **Isitsha:** ingilazi noma i-gaiwan ye-porcelain ngaphandle kwesembozo lapho uthela khona kuvumela ukubuka ukuvuleka kwamacezu etiye anoboya.
* **Isilinganiso:** cishe amagremu angu-3 eqabunga kumamililitha angu-150 amanzi.
* **Indlela:** ngetiye elisontiwe elinoboya, indlela 'ephezulu' noma 'ephakathi' yokuthelela ilula — iqabunga liyacwila kancane futhi liyavuleka; ukuphisa kokuqala imizuzwana engu-30 – 40, bese kuba ngokunambitheka kwakho.
* **Ukufiphala:** ngenxa yobuningi boboya, ukuphisa kokuqala kungase kufiphale kancane — lokhu kuvamile ematiyeni aluhlaza anoboya futhi akulona iphutha.

**11. Intengo kanye Namafekhithi:**

Izinkomba ezimbalwa ezisiza ukubona nokuhlaziya i-*Wénjūn lǜchá*:

* **Ukuma noboya.** Bheka ngqo iqabunga elisontiwe, eligobile elinoboya obusiliva obugcwele (*juǎnqū xiǎnháo*), hhayi 'amapuleti' ayisicaba naluhlobo lwesitayela se-*lóngjǐng*.
* **Imvelaphi.** Itiye langempela lihlotshaniswa ne-Qionglai (邛崃) eSichuan; ukuboniswa kwalesi sifunda ekupakisheni kuwuphawu olubalulekile.
* **Isizini.** Amaqoqo asezingeni eliphezulu — ukuvunwa kwaphambi kwe-Qingming (*míngqián*) kusuka ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezithambile zehlumela neqabunga; ubusha bentwasahlobo yokuqala nobumnandi obumnene kufanele kuzwakale enkomishini.
* **Ifrofayili.** Ungalindela ukumnandi okuhlanzekile, okusha, okunoshukela omncane ophakathi ngokuminyana — ngaphandle kobumunyu obuqinile obuphuma ekugazingeni nangaphandle kwesiqu 'esiwugqinsi' esiqinile nesiqinisa umphimbo, okuyisici, isibonelo, samatiye aluhlaza aseYunnan anamahlamvu amakhulu.
* **Umongo ngaphakathi kwesifunda.** Ungaphambanisi neqembu eliphezulu lamatiye aseSichuan: i-*Wénjūn lǜchá* — itiye elihle 'elinegama' lansuku zonke, hhayi inqwaba eyedlulele ngekhwalithi yodwa; lokhu kunomthelela ekulindelekeni kwentengo okunengqondo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Sekukonke, i-*Wénjūn lǜchá* — iyisibonelo esivelele setiye eliluhlaza laseSichuan lebhande eliseningizimu-ntshonalanga: uhlobo lweqembu lembewu, ukuvunwa kwasentwasahlobo kokuqala kwaphambi kwe-Qingming, iqabunga elisontiwe elinoboya, ukunambitheka okusha okumnene kanye negama lomlando, eligxilile emasikweni endawo ase-Qionglai.