---
title: "Wénchéng gòngchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/wencheng-gongcha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Wénchéng gòngchá (文成贡茶)

**I-Wénchéng Gòngchá** (*Wénchéng gòngchá*, 文成贡茶) yigama elivamile letiye lesifunda sase-Wénchéng (文成县) esifundeni sedolobha i-Wenzhou eningizimu yesifundazwe sase-Zhejiang. Lesi akusilo itiye elilodwa, kodwa wuphawu lwesifunda: ngokombiko we-“Wenzhou Wang” (2015), ngaphansi kwalo kunezinhlaka ezintathu — eluhlaza okuthiwa “贡绿”, elibomvu elibizwa nge-“贡红” kanye ne-“贡白”, futhi elidume kakhulu kuzo yilelo eluhlaza. Leli gama livikelwa wuphawu lwesitifiketi sokuma kwezindawo olunombolo 16369187, olwabhaliswa ngo-2016 ngaphansi kwenhlangano yesifunda i-“Wénchéng gòngchá”. Umbhalo ongabophelela leli gama ekilasini elilodwa letiye angizange ngiwuthole, ngakho-ke lesi sihloko sikhona phakathi kwezigaba, hhayi phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Alikho ikilasi elilodwa. Uhlaka lwe-“贡绿” — itiye eliluhlaza: umthombo ulichaza kanjalo. Uhlaka lwe-“贡红” — itiye elibomvu, ngokwegama; izincazelo zalo azikho emithonjeni etholakele. Ikilasi lohlaka lwe-“贡白” angeke linqunywe ngemithombo etholakele — igama elithi “mhlophe” egameni ngokwalo alibufakazeli ubunjalo bekilasi.
* **Isigaba:** Uphawu lomphakathi lwesifunda kanye nophawu lwesitifiketi sokuma kwezindawo; i-Wénchéng Gòngchá ifakwe ohlwini lwamatiye asentwasahlobo okuqala e-Wenzhou.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe i-Zhejiang (浙江, *Zhèjiāng*), isifunda sedolobha i-Wenzhou (温州, *Wēnzhōu*), isifunda i-Wénchéng (文成, *Wénchéng*).
* **Indawo yophawu:** Isizinda sesifundazwe sezimpawu zokuma kwezindawo sikhomba isifunda i-Wénchéng njengobunikazi bomnikazi wophawu; umngcele wezomthetho wendawo angiwuhlolanga.
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma kwezindawo:** Izixhumanisi zendawo azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Igama lesifunda.** Isifunda siqanjwe ngesiqu sokuhlonipha sika Liu Ji (刘基, 1311–1375) — isikhulu sasekuqaleni kobukhosi bakwa-Ming, owazalelwa kule ndawo. Uphawu luthembele ngqo kulobu buhlobo: i-“Wenzhou Wang” ibhala ukuthi lukhuthaza isiko lika-Liu Ji kanye nemvelo yendawo.
    * **2013.** Ngokombiko we-“Wenzhou Wang” (2015), ngalo nyaka isifunda safaka isicelo sokubhaliswa kophawu lomphakathi i-“文成贡茶”, ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa itiye lamaphawu amaningi amancane, ayengaziwa futhi engaqinisekisi ikhwalithi. Isiqubulo sophawu — “一品好茶文成贡”, “itiye elingcono kakhulu — i-wénchéng gòngchá”.
    * **2014–2015.** Isifunda unyaka wesibili ilandelana saba ngumxhasi oyinhloko womkhosi wetiye lokuqala lase-Wenzhou.
    * **2015–2016.** Ngokwesizinda sesifundazwe, isicelo sophawu lwesitifiketi safakwa ngomhla ka-12 Februwari 2015, ukubhaliswa kwamenyezelwa ngomhla ka-20 Agasti 2016 (umagazini № 1528). Iphephandaba libiza unyaka wesicelo ngo-2013, isizinda — ngo-2015; ukuthi izinsuku zihlobene yini nezinyathelo ezahlukene, imithombo ayisho, futhi ukungezwani kuhlala kuvulekile.
    * **Imiklomelo.** I-“Wenzhou Wang” ibala imiklomelo yetiye lase-Wénchéng: igolide lomncintiswano wesi-4 wamazwe ngamazwe wamatiye adumile, igolide lombukiso wesi-5 wamazwe ngamazwe wase-Korea wamatiye adumile, igolide lombukiso wamatiye adumile womkhosi wamazwe ngamazwe wesiko letiye lase-Shanghai, umklomelo wokuqala womncintiswano wesi-5 we-“Zhōng chá bēi” (中茶杯), isigaba sokuqala somncintiswano we-15 wamatiye adumile ase-Zhejiang kanye negolide lombukiso wamazwe ngamazwe wetiye lase-Jinan wango-2005. Ukuthi zihlobene yini netiye elingaphansi kwalolu phawu, akubonakali embikweni.
* **Igama:** “Wénchéng” (文成) — igama lesifunda, okungukuthi isiqu sokuhlonipha sika-Liu Ji; “gòngchá” (贡茶, *gòngchá*) — “itiye lentela”, itiye lenkantolo. Umlando wentela yangempela evela e-Wénchéng awukho emithonjeni etholakele: “gòngchá” lapha — isihloko sophawu.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Igama lixhumanisa itiye nomuntu odume kakhulu owazalwa esifundeni. Ohlwini lwamatiye asentwasahlobo okuqala e-Wenzhou, olulethwa yi-“Fujian Ribao” (2025), i-Wénchéng Gòngchá imi eduze ne-[泰顺三杯香](https://thetea.app/zu/article/taishun-san-bei-xiang), [平阳黄汤](https://thetea.app/zu/article/pingyang-huang-tang), 永嘉[乌牛早](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuniu-zao), [雁荡毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yandang-mao-feng), 苍南翠龙 kanye ne-[瑞安清明早](https://thetea.app/zu/article/rui-an-qingmingzao).

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Izinhlobo / I-Cultivar:** Izinhlobo azizange ziqanjwe emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukuvuna:** Entwasahlobo. Ngokwe-“Fujian Ribao”, amatiye okuqala ase-Wenzhou aphuma ngo-Februwari — ngaphezu kwenyanga ngaphambi kwe-Longjing yase-Hangzhou.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Izintaba zaseningizimu ye-Zhejiang, isigodi somfula i-Fēiyúnjiāng (飞云江). I-“Wenzhou Wang” (2015) ibiza isifunda njengesifunda sikahulumeni esiyisibonelo se-ecological kanye “namaphaphu e-Wenzhou”: izintaba, amahlathi aminyene, inkungu, isimo sezulu esipholile, izimvula eziningi.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo 14–18,5 °C, inkathi engenasithwathwa izinsuku ezingama-285 (ngokwe-“Wenzhou Wang”, 2015).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Inhlabathi:** Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Indawo:** Ngokombiko we-“Wenzhou Wang” (2015), esifundeni kunama-*mu* angu-20 000 wezingadi zetiye, umkhiqizo ungamathani angu-370, inani lomkhiqizo lingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-90 zama-yuan.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Abukho ubuchwepheshe obufanayo bophawu: bunqunywa uhlaka. I-“Wenzhou Wang” (2015) ibhala ukuthi itiye lase-Wénchéng lenziwa “ngezinyathelo eziyisishiyagalombili ze-gòngchá” (贡茶八步制法) ngezindlela zomdabu zezandla. Ukuthi lolu hlelo luhlobene naluphi uhlaka, iphephandaba alicacisi; ngokwakhiwa kwezinyathelo — ngezokugazinga kabili epanini — lolu wuhlelo lwetiye eliluhlaza:

1.  **Ukuvuna.**
2.  **Ukunwetshwa kweqabunga (摊放, *tānfàng*).**
3.  **Ukugazinga kokuqala epanini (青锅, *qīngguō*).**
4.  **Ukuphola (摊凉, *tānliáng*).**
5.  **Ukuhlunga (筛分, *shāifēn*).**
6.  **Ukulinganisa umswakama (回潮, *huícháo*).**
7.  **Ukugazinga kokugcina epanini (辉锅, *huīguō*).**
8.  **Ukuhlunga nokulinganisa isimo (筛分整形, *shāifēn zhěngxíng*).

Imithombo ayinikezi imingcele. Ngohlaka olubomvu nohlaka lwe-“贡白” akukho zincazelo zobuchwepheshe emithonjeni etholakele.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Le ncazelo engezansi inikezwe yi-“Wenzhou Wang” (2015) ngohlaka oluluhlaza kuphela i-“贡绿”; umbhalo wophawu onezidingo zokubukeka angiwubonanga.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Imicibisholo ephansi ebushelelezi, eqondile futhi ecijile, enamahlumela avulekile; umbala uluhlaza ngobumnene, ucwebezela.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Elihle, eligcwele, elide, elinothi lwezimbali.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha, okuncane, okuvuselelayo, nokunambitheka okumnandi ngemuva.
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Ocacile, oluhlaza ngobumnene, ogqamile.
* **Iqabunga eliphansi (iqabunga elithengisiwe):** Luhlaza ngobumnene, amaqabunga avuleka “ngezimbali” (嫩绿成朵).

Ngohlaka olubomvu nohlaka lwe-“贡白” azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi — imingcele incike ekutheni yiluphi uhlaka olusezandleni.

* **Okuluhlaza (贡绿):** 80–85 °C, 3 g nge-150 ml, ukufakwa kokuqala imizuzwana engama-40–60, ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan, ukuphindwa kabili noma kathathu.
* **Okubomvu (贡红):** 90–95 °C, 3 g nge-150 ml, ukufakwa kokuqala cishe umzuzu, i-gaiwan noma i-teapot ye-porcelain, ukuphindwa okuningana ngokwelula isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Itiye eliluhlaza — ephaketheni elivalekile, efrijini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga, kufanele liphuzwe phakathi nonyaka. Elibomvu — endaweni eyomile emnyama ngezinga lokushisa legumbi, ephaketheni eliminyene, kude namaphunga.

**11. Intengo kanye Namanga:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngamanani ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Indlela yokugwema amanga:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwesitifiketi sokuma kwezindawo i-“文成贡茶” (№ 16369187, isigaba 30). Ngokwesizinda sesifundazwe, izinkampani eziyi-12 zivunyelwe ukulusebenzisa.
    * Khumbula ukuthi isizinda sigcinwa ngemininingwane kuze kube ngu-2019: ukuthi uphawu lusasebenza yini manje nokuthi bangaki abasebenzisi balo, akunakuqinisekiswa ngaso.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda i-Wénchéng.
    * Bheka ukuthi yiluphi uhlaka olusephaketheni: igama linye, kodwa amatiye angaphansi kwalo anamakilasi ahlukene.

**12. Amaqiniso Ajabulisayo:**

* Isifunda sinesiqu sokuhlonipha sika-Liu Ji, futhi uphawu lwetiye lwakhiwe ngaleli gama.
* Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa kunezinhlaka ezintathu: “贡绿”, “贡红” kanye ne-“贡白”.
* Ngokwephephandaba, itiye lase-Wénchéng lenziwa “ngezinyathelo eziyisishiyagalombili” ngokugazinga kabili epanini — okokuqala nokokugcina.
* I-Wénchéng iyingxenye yebhande lamatiye okuqala ase-Wenzhou, aphambili kune-Longjing ngenyanga engaphezu kweyodwa.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye ase-Wenzhou:**

* **I-Wúniú Zǎo (乌牛早):** Itiye eliluhlaza lokuqala lesifunda i-Yongjia sesifunda esifanayo — omunye womakhelwane be-Wénchéng Gòngchá ohlwini lwamatiye okuqala.
* **I-Píngyáng Huáng Tāng (平阳黄汤):** Itiye eliphuzi lesifunda i-Pingyang sesifunda esifanayo — isibonelo setiye lase-Wenzhou elinekilasi elilodwa ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa.
* **I-Yàndàng Máo Fēng (雁荡[毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maofengcha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lentaba i-Yandang, nalo lisohlwini lwamatiye okuqala ase-Wenzhou.
* **I-Xī Hú Lóng Jǐng ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xihu-longjing)):** Inkomba yase-Hangzhou, lapho amatiye okuqala ase-Wenzhou abala khona ukuhamba phambili kwawo.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Wénchéng Gòngchá — yisibonakaliso sesifunda, hhayi itiye elilodwa: ngaphansi kwegama, elivikelwa uphawu lwesitifiketi lwango-2016, kunezinhlaka ezintathu — oluhlaza, olubomvu ngokwegama kanye “nomhlophe” ngokwegama. Kuchazwe kuphela oluhlaza — oluphansi, oluhlaza ngobumnene, olunephunga lezimbali; “izinyathelo eziyisishiyagalombili” ngokugazinga kabili epanini, iphephandaba elibhala ngakho, ngokwakhiwa futhi ziwuhlelo lwetiye eliluhlaza. Igama lisekelwa isiqu sokuhlonipha sika-Liu Ji kanye nesikhathi sokuqala sase-Wenzhou, futhi ikilasi eliqondile letiye kufanele libhekwe ephaketheni elithile.