---
title: "Wànyuán fùxīchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/wanyuan-fuxicha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Wànyuán fùxīchá (万源富硒茶)

**Wanyuan Fuxicha** (*Wànyuán fùxīchá*, 万源富硒茶) — "itiye laseWanyuan elicebile nge-selenium", igama elivikelwe letiye eliluhlaza lasedolobheni laseWanyuan (万源市) esifundeni saseDazhou enyakatho-mpumalanga yeSichuan, emithambekeni eseningizimu yezintaba zaseDabashan, lapho kuhlangana khona iSichuan, iShaanxi neChongqing. Igama elithi "富硒" likhuluma ngomhlabathi, hhayi ngezinga: iziphathimandla zibiza iWanyuan ngokuthi ukuphela kwendawo ene-selenium yemvelo eSichuan. Izidingo zokuvikelwa zika-2025 zichaza itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba neliqondile elinoboya, iphunga elimnene elicebile, ukunambitheka okusha nokubuyiselwa okumnandi, kanye nombala wokudla ohlaza okwebhilikosi. Umkhiqizo oyinhloko ngaphansi kwaleli gama, ngokwemininingwane yesifunda, yi-Ba Shan Que She ([巴山雀舌](https://thetea.app/zu/article/ba-shan-que-she)).

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Izidingo zokuvikelwa zibeka ubuchwepheshe obungenayo i-oxidation futhi zichaza uhlobo olulodwa — oluyisicaba. Ngokulandisa kwangaphambilini kwesimemezelo sezolimo, igama lalivumela zonke izigaba eziyisithupha, kodwa umbhalo waso awutholakali emithonjeni eqinisekisiwe.
* **Igama:** 万源 (*Wànyuán*) — igama ledolobha, 富硒 (*fùxī*) — "ocebile nge-selenium", 茶 (*chá*) — itiye.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba; umkhiqizo onegiyografi evikelwe (2025), phambilini — isimemezelo sezolimo segiyografi.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseSichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), isifunda sasedolobheni i-Dazhou (达州, *Dázhōu*), idolobha laseWanyuan (万源, *Wànyuán*).
* **Indawo yokuvikelwa:** Izifunda ezingama-48 namadolobhana, okuhlanganisa i-Caoba Zhen (草坝镇), i-Baiyang Xiang (白羊乡), i-Gujun Xiang (固军乡), i-Qinghua Zhen (青花镇) ne-Jingxi Xiang (井溪乡). Ingosi yaseDazhou yengeza: imizana eyi-112, amahektha ayi-10 000, amathani ayi-7 500 ngonyaka.
* **Izixhumanisi zejiyografi:** 107°29′–108°31′ empumalanga nobude 31°39′–32°20′ enyakatho — imingcele yendawo ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa.
* **Umfakisicelo:** Ihovisi lezindaba zetiye laseWanyuan City (万源市茶叶局).

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Izwe laseBa.** Incwadi yezinkomba ibhekisela ku-"Huayang Guo Zhi" (《华阳国志》), lapho esahlukweni ngeBa phakathi kwezitshalo zasengadini kubizwa itiye. Lokhu kushiwo ngezwe lonke laseBa, hhayi ngeWanyuan ngokwehlukana.
    * **Umbhalo weTsyunping.** Edolobhaneni laseGusheping esifundeni saseShiwo (石窝乡古社坪村) kugcinwe umbhalo oqoshwe edwaleni othi "Ukulandisa Ngengadi Emangalisayo eZiyunping" (《紫云坪植茗灵园记》). Ingosi yaseDazhou ibiza lo mbhalo ngokuthi ungumbhalo wokuqala kunawo wonke ezweni oqoshiwe edwaleni mayelana nokutshalwa kwetiye. Imibhalo yendawo iwubeka ngonyaka wesithathu weDaguan wenkathi yeSong (1109); umbhalo ogcwele nombhalo we-epigraphy awutholakali emithonjeni eqinisekisiwe, ngakho-ke okuqukethwe kwawo akulandiswa lapha.
    * **2001–2008.** Ngokwengosi yaseDazhou: ngo-2001 idolobha lathola isicoco "sendawo yetiye elidumile eline-selenium yaseSichuan", ngo-2006 izindawo zalo zetiye — isitifiketi somkhiqizo ophephile (无公害), ngo-2006 nango-2007 i-Ba Shan Que She yabizwa ngenye yamatiye ayishumi adumile aseSichuan, futhi ngoDisemba 2007 i-China Food Industry Association yabiza iWanyuan ngokuthi "中国富硒茶之都" — "inhloko-dolobha yetiye le-selenium laseChina".
    * **2009–2010.** Ingosi yaseDazhou ibhala ukuthi ngo-2009 itiye laphumelela isitifiketi soMnyango Wezolimo njengesimemezelo sezolimo segiyografi; incwadi yezinkomba ibeka isinqumo somnyango ngokubhaliswa ngomhla ka-8 Mashi 2010. Kungenzeka ukuthi lezi yizigaba ezahlukene zenqubo eyodwa.
    * **2025.** I-National Intellectual Property Administration ye-China ngesimemezelo esinombolo 646 (esayinwe ngomhla ka-23 Septhemba, sashicilelwa ngomhla ka-9 Okthoba) yamukela imikhiqizo engama-870 enegi yografi evikelwe; i-Wanyuan Fuxicha — indawo engu-516.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Umbhalo weZiyunping iziphathimandla zesifunda ziwubiza ngokuthi ubufakazi bokudala kokutshalwa kwetiye kwendawo. Edolobhaneni laseSanqingmiao, ngokusho kwesiteshi saseSichuan se-"Renmin Wang" (2023), kwakhiwe imnyuziyamu yomlando wetiye le-selenium laseWanyuan (万源富硒茶史馆).

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Izidingo zokuvikelwa zibeka "izinhlobo ezithuthukisiwe ezifanele izimo zendawo", futhi zibiza i-福鼎大白 (*Fúdǐng dàbái*), i-福选九号 (*Fúxuǎn jiǔ hào*), i-名选131 (*Míngxuǎn 131*) ne-平阳特早 (*Píngyáng tèzǎo*). Uhlu luvulekile, akukho hlobo lwendawo kulo.
* **Ukuvuna:** Ngesandla, ekuseni ngokucacile; amaqabunga avunwa ezitsheni zikamoba futhi ngokushesha athathwa aye efektri.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Alibekiwe ezidingweni zokuvikelwa.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshalwa:**

* **Isifunda:** Emaphethelweni asenyakatho-mpumalanga yesigodi saseSichuan, emithambekeni eseningizimu yeDabashan; enyakatho idolobha linqamula iShaanxi, empumalanga — iChongqing. Imibhalo yendawo ibiza lezi zindawo ngokuthi umngcele wesimo sezulu sasenyakatho neseningizimu yeChina kanye nomhlukanisi wamanzi wemifula iJialingjiang neHanshui.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshalwa:** Izingadi ikakhulukazi ku-800–1200 m — ngokwezindawo ze-Dazhou kanye ne-Wanyuan; ukuphakama kwedolobha kusuka ku-335 kuye ku-2412 m. Ezidingweni zokuvikelwa akuveli ukuphakama.
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical humid monsoon, enenkungu, enamabhande okuphakama. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo ngu-14,7 °C, imvula ngu-1169,3 mm, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa singaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-230. Izinga lamahlathi ingosi yaseDazhou ibiza ngo-61,3 %, ingosi yaseWanyuan (2020) — 66,8 %.
* **Inhlabathi:** Izidingo zokuvikelwa: i-pH 5,0–6,5, ungqimba olusebenzayo lungaphezu kwama-50 cm, izinto eziphilayo ongqimbeni lwe-0–45 cm azingaphansi kwe-15 g/kg, i-potassium etholakalayo ayikho ngaphansi kwe-100 mg/kg, i-phosphorus etholakalayo ayikho ngaphansi kwe-20 mg/kg. Ingosi yaseWanyuan ibiza inhlabathi yezingadi ngokuthi ine-asidi emnene futhi icebile ngama-organic futhi iyiqhathanisa "nenhlabathi enamatshe" (烂石地), uLu Yu ayibheka njengengcono kakhulu yetiye.
* **I-Selenium:** Ngokwengosi yaseWanyuan, iNyuvesi Yezolimo yaseNingizimu-ntshona kanye ne-Chengdu University of Technology bahlola inhlabathi nemikhiqizo ngo-1992, 2006 nango-2007 futhi bamukela iWanyuan njengokuphela kwendawo ene-selenium yemvelo yaseSichuan; i-selenium ilele ngemichilo, uhlobo lwayo oluncibilikayo emanzini lungu-3,93–12,35 ng/g; kukhona futhi okuningi kwe-zinc nethusi.
* **Ukutshalwa:** Ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa — ukutshalwa kwemigqa emibili, cishe izihlahla ezingama-6000 nge-mu ngayinye.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ukulandelana ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa, ngaphandle kwemingcele:

1.  **Ukuvuthwa kweqabunga elisha (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
2.  **Ukulungiswa (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
3.  **Ukusontwa (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukomisa kancane (烘青, *hōngqīng*).**
5.  **Ukubunjwa (整形, *zhěngxíng*).**
6.  **Ukuvezwa koboya (提毫, *tíháo*).**
7.  **Ukomisa (烘干, *hōnggān*).**

Ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa, ukungcola kukhethwa ngesandla.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Kuyisicaba, kukulingana futhi kuqondile (扁平匀直), kuluhlaza ngokucwebezela noboya (绿润带毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Iphunga lokudla:** Limnene, licebile (嫩香馥郁). Ingosi yaseWanyuan ikhuluma ngetiye ledolobha ngokuhlukile — iphunga le-castnut elicebile (栗香浓郁).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kusha, kuvuselela, ngokubuyiselwa okumnandi (鲜爽回甘).
* **Umbala wokudla:** Uluhlaza okwebhilikosi, ugqamile (杏绿明亮).
* **Ingaphansi letiye (iqabunga elidliwayo):** Kuphuzi-luhlaza, kugqame kancane (黄绿尚亮).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imikhawulo ye-physicochemical ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa:

| Inkomba | Inani |
| :--- | :--- |
| Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini | 38–48 % |
| Ama-polyphenol etiye | 20–35 % |
| I-Selenium | 0,242–0,67 μg/g |
| I-fiber engahluziwe | okungenani 16 g |
| Umlotha | okungenani 6,0 g |

I-fiber nomlotha embhalweni wezidingo zibhalwa ngamagremu ngaphandle kokucacisa ubuningi obubhekiselwe kubo. I-Selenium iyinkomba yaselabhorethri: ayinakunqunywa ngokunambitha.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo. I-selenium egameni iwuphawu lwenhlabathi kanye nezinga lokuqukethwe, hhayi isithembiso senzuzo.

**9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukufudumeza isitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngodonga.
    3. Ukudla kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yokudla.
    5. Thela amanzi.
    6. Ukuphindaphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholiwe.

* **Uzivikela kanjani ekukhwabaniseni:**
    * Funa uphawu olukhethekile lwegiyografi evikelwe: ilungelo lalo linikezwa ngesicelo ngehhovisi lempahla yengqondo yaseWanyuan, ngokuhlolwa eSichuan administration nokuvunywa yi-National Administration.
    * Hlola ukuthi itiye lenziwe kwesinye sezifunda ezingama-48 namadolobhana endawo.
    * Igama elithi "selenium" ephaketheni alifakazeli lutho: ukuqukethwe kwe-selenium kukhonjiswa kuphela yimithetho yokuhlola.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Izidingo zokuvikelwa zibeka ngisho nobuningi bezicupho: isibani esisodwa esidlikizayo sokulwa namabhu aonakalisayo kuzo zonke izindawo ezingama-50 mu zengadi.
* Esimemezelweni esinombolo 646 itiye laseWanyuan limi ngqo ngemva kwe-Nanjiang Daye Cha — izindawo 516 no-515.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **Ba Shan Que She (巴山雀舌):** Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba laseWanyuan, ngokwemininingwane yesifunda — umkhiqizo oyinhloko ngaphansi kwaleli gama; umkhiqizo ohlukile onomlando wawo.
* **Nanjiang Daye Cha ([南江大叶茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/nanjiang-daye-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lohlobo lwendawo lwaseNyakatho-mpumalanga yeSichuan; isifunda saseNanjiang naso sinesicoco "sendawo yetiye le-selenium".
* **Enshi Fuxicha ([恩施富硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-fuxicha)):** Igama le-selenium lase-Enshi eHubei; isigaba ngaphansi kwalo ngokwemithombo asichazwanga.
* **Kaiyang Fu Xi Cha ([开阳富硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/kaiyang-fu-xi-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza le-selenium laseGuizhou.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Wanyuan Fuxicha — itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lemithambeka eseningizimu yeDabashan, igama lalo lisekelwa ezinsikeni ezimbili: inhlabathi ene-selenium, echazwe ukuhlolwa kuka-1992–2007, kanye nombhalo oqoshiwe edwaleni wokutshalwa kwetiye, iziphathimandla zesifunda eziwubiza ngokuthi ungumbhalo wokuqala ezweni. Enkomishini — ukudla okuluhlaza okwebhilikosi, iphunga elimnene elicebile nokubuyiselwa okumnandi; ngemuva kwe-selenium kufanele uye kumthetho wokuhlola.