---
title: "Wànníng zhègū chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/wanning-zhegu-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Wànníng zhègū chá (万宁鹧鸪茶)

**Wànníng Zhègū Chá** (*Wànníng zhègū chá*, 万宁鹧鸪茶) — «itiye lezintende» lasesifundeni sikaMasipala waseWànníng ogwini olusempumalanga yeHǎinán. Lokhu akulona iqabunga lesihlahla setiye *Camellia sinensis*: izinto zokusetshenziswa zivela emaqabungeni amadala esihlahla sohlobo lwe-mallotus (野桐属) emndenini we-Euphorbiaceae, agoqwa abe amabhola futhi ahlonywe ngentambo, njengamachoker. Lesi sidakwa sibizwa ngokuthi indawo esikhundleni setiye (代用茶, *dàiyòng chá*); kusukela ngo-2025 singumkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Akulona itiye ngokwesayensi yezitshalo nanoma yiliphi emakilasini ayisithupha etiye laseShayina; umhluzo wamaqabunga esitshalo esihlukile.
* **Isigaba:** Umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (地理标志产品): isimemezelo se-State Intellectual Property Office No. 632 sangoJuni 9, 2025 (sashicilelwa ngoJuni 27), indawo 222 kwezingu-224. Umfakisicelo — i-Wànníng Zhègū Chá Industry Association (万宁市鹧鸪茶产业协会).
* **Imvelaphi:** IShayina, isifundazwe saseHǎinán (海南, *Hǎinán*), isifunda sikaMasipala waseWànníng (万宁, *Wànníng*).
* **Indawo evikelekile:** Yonke iWànníng — amadolobhana iLónggǔn, Shāngēn, Hélè, Hòuān, Běidà, Dàmào, Wànchéng, Dōng’ào, Lǐjì, Chángfēng, Nánqiáo, Sāngēnluò kanye nepulazi i-Xīnglóng (兴隆华侨农场): amayunithi ayi-13 kanye nezindawo zokuphatha ezingama-217.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Ngokombhalo — 110°00′18″–110°34′36″ E no-18°35′13″–19°06′00″ N.
* **Amanye amagama:** «Itiye lezintende lase-Dōngshānlǐng» (东山岭鹧鸪茶); igama lesitshalo lesiShayina — 山苦茶 (*shān kǔchá*).

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Inkathi yeQing.** Isikhwama iDēngtǎ sikhomba irekhodi likadokotela uZhào Qíguāng (赵其光) encwadini ethi «Běncǎo qiúyuán» (《本草求原》), lapho isitshalo sibizwa ngokuthi simnandi-nokubaba futhi sifudumele ngokwemvelo. Ukucaphuna akukaqinisekiswa ngombhalo wokuqala.
    * **2019–2022.** Ngokombiko we-Ministry of Commerce portal (Juni 2022), iWànníng yathumela izicelo zezimpawu zokuqinisekisa indawo, phakathi kwazo «万宁鹧鸪茶»; imikhiqizo emibili kuphela yesifunda eyayinokuvikelwa kwendawo ngaleso sikhathi — ikhofi i-Xīnglóng kanye ne-Hélè crab. I-Sinogi ibhala uphawu No. 37200895.
    * **2021.** Ngokwesikhwama iDēngtǎ, ngoJuni 4, 2021 uMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya wafaka «万宁鹧鸪茶» kurejista yezinkomba zendawo zezolimo. Umbhalo wesinqumo awutholakalanga kulolu hlolo.
    * **2023.** Embikweni we-Zhejiang University ngodumo lwemikhiqizo yezolimo enezinkomba zendawo, iWànníng Zhègū Chá inesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu sokukhanga komkhiqizo e-Hǎinán — 910.12.
    * **2025.** I-State Intellectual Property Office yakubona njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo futhi yavuma izidingo zawo.
* **Igama:** 鹧鸪 (*zhègū*) — intende. Inganekwane ithi intende eyayifuywe umhlali waseWànníng yagula, umnikazi wayo wayipha umhluzo wamaqabunga asendle entabeni i-Dōngshānlǐng, inyoni yalulama futhi yaphila isikhathi eside. Enye inganekwane ixhumanisa isiphuzo nomonki u-Jiànzhēn, okuthiwa waphonswa yisiphepho e-Hǎinán.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Umbhali wemidlalo u-Tián Hàn (田汉), ngokusho kweDēngtǎ, washiya umugqa e-Dōngshānlǐng othi «羊肥爱芝草，茶好伴名泉» — «izimbuzi zikhuluphele zithanda utshani obumangalisayo, itiye elihle lifanelwe umthombo odumile». Ngokwenkolelo yendawo, inyama yezimbuzi zase-Dōngshān (东山羊) ayinuki ngoba izimbuzi zidla amaqabunga amancane alesi sitshalo.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo:**

* **Isitshalo:** Ngokwezidingo zomkhiqizo — isihlahla sezintende sohlobo lwe-mallotus emndenini we-Euphorbiaceae, kumbhalo uhlobo lubhalwe ngokuthi *Mallotus obolongifolius* (Miq.) Muell.-Arg. Isipelingi esivamile — *Mallotus oblongifolius* (Miq.) Müll.Arg.; ezinye izincwadi zanamuhla zikubheka njengegama elifanayo le-*Mallotus peltatus*.
* **Iqabunga:** NgokweDēngtǎ — liyindilinga-elisanda, ubude 5–15 cm, linendawo ecijile kanye nonqenqema olunamazinyo aguquguqukayo; imithambo ye-pinnate ibonakala kahle ngemuva.
* **Ubude:** Imithombo iyahluka: iDēngtǎ ithi «kufika ku-10 m», enye ireferensi — 1–3 m. Ezingadini, ngokwezidingo zomkhiqizo, izihlahla ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu eziphakeme kuno-180 cm ziyagawulwa zibe ngu-20–30 cm ukusuka phansi, kusale isiqu esikhulu.
* **Ukusabalalisa:** Ngezihlokwana.
* **Izinto ezisetshenziswayo:** Ngokwezidingo — amaqabunga amadala aphelele, amasha aluhlaza, alinganayo aqoqwe ngesandla (老叶). Imiqumbe namahlumela amancane, ajwayelekile etiyeni, awadingeki lapha.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isitshalo sasendle:** Siyakwazi ukubekezelela isomiso, sikhula ezindaweni ezingenamuntu nasemifantwini yamadwala — ikakhulukazi entabeni i-Dōngshānlǐng (东山岭) eWànníng nase-Tónggǔlǐng (铜鼓岭) e-Wénchāng eseduze. IDēngtǎ iphinde ikhulume ngaso e-Qióngzhōng, Lèdōng nase-Bǎotíng, kodwa ithi okungcono kakhulu yizinto ezisetshenziswayo zase-Dōngshānlǐng nase-Tónggǔlǐng.
* **Indawo ngokwezidingo:** Indawo ephansi noma umthambeka ophansi, uhlangothi olunomthunzi, inhlabathi yasezintabeni ene-loam noma enesihlabathi ungqimba olungaphansi kuka-30 cm, i-acidic kancane.
* **Ukunakekelwa:** Ukunisela ngamafuphu kabili noma kathathu ngesonto, ukufaka umquba kanye ngoSeptemba — Okthoba, ikakhulukazi ngezinto eziphilayo; ngokumelene nezinambuzane kuvunyelwe izindlela zezolimo, zamakhemikhali, zebhayoloji kanye nezomzimba.
* **Ubude nesimo sezulu:** Ayikho imininingwane.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izidingo zika-2025 zichaza ukucubungula ngomshini ngezinyathelo eziyisithupha:

1.  **Ukugeza:** Amanzi 38–45 °C, ukususa ukungcola.
2.  **Ukwandlala (摊晾, *tānliàng*):** Ungqimba 5–10 cm, amahora 6–8, ukuphendula kancane njalo emahoreni amabili.
3.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** 250–300 °C, imizuzu 2–4.
4.  **Ukubumba (造形, *zàoxíng*):** Ukusonga ngomshini nokucindezela kube yimicwecwe.
5.  **Ukomisa (烘干, *hōnggān*):** 100 °C, amahora 2.
6.  **Ukuveza iphunga (提香, *tíxiāng*):** 120 °C, amahora 10.

Incazelo edumile (iDēngtǎ) idweba isithombe sasekhaya: amaqabunga agoqwa abe izigaxa futhi omiswe elangeni, ngaphandle kokugazinga; amabhola ahlonywa ngezihlanganisi cishe ezingama-20, cishe ama-40 g, futhi aboshwe ngeqabunga lesundu likakhukhunathi. Le ndatshana iphinde ilandise ngezidingo ezinokulungisa; ukungafani akuchazwanga umthombo.

**6. Izici Zezitho Zomzimba:**

Ngokwezidingo zomkhiqizo zika-2025:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Imicwecwe enombala ompunga-oluhlaza, elinganayo ngosayizi, egoqwe ngokuqinile, ehlanzekile, engenakho ukungcola.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Alichazwanga ngokuhlukile ezidingweni. I-Sinogi ithi iqabunga elomisiweyo linuka kamnandi futhi linephunga elikhethekile elithi «línglíngxiāng» (零陵香, *línglíngxiāng*); ngephunga elifanayo emhluzweni kubhala neDēngtǎ.
* **Iphunga lomhluzo:** Iphunga elicacile elimnandi «eliyimithi» (药香).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okugcwele, okumnandi-nokubaba futhi «okufudumele», ngento encane kagwayi othosiwe.
* **Umbala womhluzo:** Usawolintshi omnyama, osobala futhi olinganayo. I-Sinogi ichaza ngokuhlukile: ukuphalaza kokuqala kuluhlaza okotshani, okwesibili kuwolintshi ngokukhanyayo, phezulu kunefilimu encane yamafutha emifino.
* **Izinsalela zetiye (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe):** Amaqabunga ayazivula futhi ahlale ephelele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali zika-2025:

| Isilinganiso | Izinga |
| :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama | 5.5–7.5 % |
| Umlotha ophelele | «9.5–1.8 %» — kanjalo embhalweni; umkhawulo ophansi mkhulu kunophezulu, lokhu kuyiphutha lokubhala elicacile |
| Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini | 29–33 % |
| Ifayibha engahlanzekile | 21–23 % |

Ucwaningo lwe-Foods (2021) lwaqhathanisa amasampuli angama-24 amaqabunga amasha etiye lezintende, ayisithupha e-Wénchāng, i-Wànníng, i-Bǎotíng ne-Sānyà. Izimpawu zemvelaphi kwaba ama-isotopes ekhabhoni, i-hydrogen ne-oxygen kanye nama-polyphenols amane — i-luteolin, i-protocatechuic acid, i-astragalin ne-naringenin; kule sampuli encane amamodeli ahlukanisa izifunda ngaphandle kwamaphutha ekuhlolweni okuphambanayo.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela walo mkhiqizo ngqo. Incwadi yeQing kanye nemibhalo yokukhangisa yesimanje ikunikeza izakhiwo zokwelapha; aziphindwanga lapha.

**9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wekilasi lemihluzo yemifino; izidingo aziwunikezi izindlela.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 95–100 °C.
* **Inani:** Ibhola elilodwa noma amabili (cishe ngu-2 g ngalinye) ku-200–300 ml.
* **Inqubo:** Iketela lezingilazi noma i-gaiwan; ukucwiliswa kokuqala imizuzu 3–5, kuze kube iqabunga liyavuleka, bese kuba nokuphalazwa okuningana ngokwandisa isikhathi.

Ireferensi eyodwa yeluleka ukwenza ngamanzi omthombo i-Liúdǐng (流鼎泉) e-Dōngshānlǐng.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Emaphaketheni aqinile, endaweni eyomile emnyama, kude namaphunga.

**11. Intengo Kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo emithonjeni etholiwe.

* **Ukwazi ukugwema imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Bheka uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo kanye nomkhiqizi wase-Wànníng: ilungelo lophawu lunikezwa yi-State Intellectual Property Office ngemuva kokuhlolwa e-Wànníng nase-Hǎinán.
    * Izinkombandlela ngokwezidingo: imicwecwe eqinile empunga-oluhlaza, umhluzo osawolintshi omnyama, iphunga «eliyimithi», iqabunga eliphelele ngaphansi.
    * Ungadidanisi netiye lase-Hǎinán elivela ku-*Camellia sinensis* — itiye lezintende lisebenzisa isitshalo esihlukile.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ngamaqabunga amadala, hhayi imiqumbe, futhi amabhola athengiswa ngezihlanganisi, afana namachoker obuBhuda.
* Ngokwesilinganiso sokukhanga komkhiqizo embikweni ka-2023, iWànníng Zhègū Chá ime eceleni kwe-Tàipíng Hóukuí ne-Jīngshān Chá — ngaphezu kuka-900 amaphuzu.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Neminye Imihluzo Namatiye:**

* **Láifèng Téngchá ([来凤藤茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/laifeng-tengcha)):** Nakho kungumkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo ongaveli esihlahleni setiye — uvela emvinini.
* **Kǔguā Chá ([苦瓜茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/kugua-cha)):** Indawo esikhundleni setiye esivela emthonjeni obabayo.
* **Wǔzhǐshān Hóng Chá ([五指山红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuzhishan-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu langempela lase-Hǎinán elivela esihlahleni setiye.
* **Báishā Hóng Chá ([白沙红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/baisha-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda sase-Báishā, lapho abantu be-Li benza khona itiye lezintende phakathi kweminye imihluzo yemifino «yamatiye».

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Wànníng Zhègū Chá akulona itiye, kodwa isiko lase-Hǎinán lokwenza umhluzo wamaqabunga e-mallotus: amabhola ampunga-oluhlaza, umhluzo osawolintshi omnyama onephunga «eliyimithi» kanye nomsindo kagwayi othosiwe. Izidingo zika-2025 zichaza ubuchwepheshe bomshini, kuyilapho izinganekwane zentende zigcina inkumbulo yesihlahla sasendle sentaba i-Dōngshānlǐng.