---
title: "Tōngchéng háolǜ"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/tongcheng-haolu
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Tōngchéng háolǜ (通城毫绿)

**I-Tongcheng Haolü** (*Tōngchéng háolǜ*, 通城毫绿) itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase-Tongcheng (通城县) kumasipala wedolobha i-Xianning eningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe sase-Hubei, lapho kuhlangana khona i-Hubei, i-Hunan ne-Jiangxi. Leli gama lisho ukuthi "oluhlaza okotshani obunoboya obuvela e-Tongcheng". Ngokwencazelo yesikhungo sesifunda socwaningo lwetiye lasendle, abantu balibiza kanjalo itiye lendawo eliluhlaza lohlobo lwe-maojian, elaqala ukukhiqizwa ngamaqoqo futhi laqanjwa ngeminyaka yawo-1960. Impahla eluhlaza ihlumela elinamaqabunga elilodwa noma amabili, elikhiwa ngaphambi komkhosi we-Guyu; itiye lomiswa ngendlela exubile, ngokugazinga nangomoya oshisayo, futhi lakhiwa ngokusongwa okuqondile: okuminyene, okunoboya obuningi, okuluhlaza. Kusukela ngo-2021 leli gama livikelwa wuphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elomiswa kancane ngokugazinga kancane ngomoya (半炒半烘, *bàn chǎo bàn hōng*), elisongwe liqonde (条形, *tiáoxíng*). Leli klasi libizwa kanjalo kokubili uhulumeni wase-Xianning (2021) kanye ne-Hubei Intellectual Property Office (2019).
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda; uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo (证明商标, *zhèngmíng shāngbiāo*).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), umasipala wedolobha i-Xianning (咸宁, *Xiánníng*), isifunda sase-Tongcheng (通城, *Tōngchéng*).
* **Indawo:** Irejista yesifundazwe ikhomba isifunda sase-Tongcheng njengokunamathiselwe kokuphatha komnikazi wophawu; umngcele womthetho wendawo angiwuphicisanga.
* **Uphawu:** Uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo No. 33153879; ngokwe-bulletin ye-Hubei Intellectual Property Office ka-2025, lisebenza kuze kube umhla zingama-20 kuJuni 2031. Umnikazi akaziwa ngokuqondile emibhalweni etholiwe. Ukuphromothwa kophawu kuqhutshwa yi-Tongcheng County Wild Tea Research Institute (通城县[野生茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/ye-sheng-cha)科学研究所): umholi waso wakhuluma ngaleli tiye ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa, kwathi ngo-2023 lesi sikhungo samemezela umncintiswano wesiqubulo sokukhangisa sophawu.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Imibhalo yomlando yakwaSong.** Isikhungo socwaningo lwetiye lasendle esimemezelweni sika-2023 sibhala ukuthi itiye e-Tongcheng litshalwe isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyinkulungwane, futhi licaphuna umlando wesifunda (《通城县志》): ekuqaleni kokubusa kombusi wakwaSong u-Zhenzong, intela yetiye yayisinda kangangokuthi umphathi wesifunda u-Zhang Yong (张詠) wayala ukuthi kusishulwe itiye kutshalwe imisimbithi; ngasekupheleni kwe-Ming izingadi zaqala ukuvuselelwa, kwathi ngesikhathi se-Qing ibhizinisi letiye lavuseleleka.
    * **Ngawo-1960.** Ngokwesimemezelo esifanayo, "通城毫绿" igama lomphakathi letiye lendawo eliluhlaza lohlobo lwe-maojian ([毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mao-jian), *máojiān*); laqala ukukhiqizwa ngamaqoqo futhi laqanjwa ngawo-1960.
    * **Ngo-1980.** Isifunda sazama ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwetiye ngokukhululekile yizindawo uqobo. Isihloko sephephandaba i-"Hubei Daily" esinesihloko esithi «一场茶叶风波» ("isiyaluyalu setiye") sadala, ngokwesikhungo, ukusabela okunamandla ezweni lonke, futhi ulwazi lwesifunda lwaba usizo ekuguquleni uhlelo lokuthengisa itiye.
    * **Ngawo-1980.** Ngokwemininingwane ye-Hubei Intellectual Property Office (2019), isimo setiye sagcina sakhiwe ngawo-1980.
    * **1988–1994.** Ngo-1988 itiye lahlonishwa njengomkhiqizo wekhwalithi yesifundazwe sase-Hubei. Ngo-1991 isifunda sangena ezifundeni eziyishumi zesifundazwe zamaphrojekthi wokuthuthukisa amatiye adumile, kanti isiteshi esikhulu sokusabalalisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo boMnyango Wezolimo safaka i-Tongcheng Haolü ezindaweni eziyisikhombisa eziyisibonelo zamatiye adumile ase-Hubei. Ngo-1993 uhulumeni wesifundazwe waqamba i-Tongcheng njengesinye sezifunda ezintathu ezinkulu zetiye. Ngo-1994, ngokwe-Hubei Intellectual Property Office, itiye lathola umklomelo wokuqala emncintiswaneni wamatiye adumile we-«Lu Yu bei» (陆羽杯).
    * **Ngo-2021.** Uphawu lwabhaliswa. Iphephandaba i-"Xianning Daily" labika ngomhla zingama-28 kuJulayi ukuthi i-CNIPA Trademark Bureau yalunikeza ngomhla zingama-22 kuJulayi nokuthi isifunda manje sesinezimpawu ezine zesitifiketi sendawo. Ngaleso sikhathi isifunda sasihlela ukuqedela imithetho yokusetshenziswa kophawu.
    * **Ngo-2023.** Isikhungo socwaningo lwetiye lasendle samemezela umncintiswano ovulekile wesiqubulo sokukhangisa: izinhlamvu ezine zegama kwakudingeka zingahlukaniswa, ngoba lona wuphawu olubhalisiwe.
    * **Ngo-2025.** I-Hubei Intellectual Property Office ohlwini lwama-47 lwabasebenzisi bophawu olukhethekile (27 May) yavumela inhlangano yetiye i-«Baizhantan» (百丈潭) futhi yabuyekeza irekhodi lenkampani yetiye enegama elifanayo; bobabili banikezwe ilungelo kuze kube umhla zingama-20 kuJuni 2031.
* **Igama:** «Tongcheng» (通城) yigama lesifunda; «hao» (毫) uboya obusekuhlumeni; «lü» (绿) okuluhlaza. Kafushane itiye libizwa nge-«毫绿».
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** I-Hubei Intellectual Property Office (2019) ibiza i-Tongcheng Haolü ngetiye lendabuko elidumile lesifunda kanye nomkhiqizo walo oyinhloko wetiye.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Emithonjeni etholakele azikho izinhlobo ezishiwo.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Amahlumela amasha aqinile, ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa noma ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili.
* **Isikhathi sokukhiwa:** Njalo ngonyaka ngaphambi komkhosi we-Guyu (谷雨, *Gǔyǔ*), cishe ngomhla zingama-20 kuMbasa.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Umngcele oseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Hubei, lapho kuhlangana khona i-Hunan, i-Hubei ne-Jiangxi, emaphethelweni asenyakatho wezintaba ze-Mufushan (幕阜山, *Mùfù shān*). Ngokwencazelo yesikhungo socwaningo lwetiye lasendle, isifunda sizungezwe izintaba empumalanga, entshonalanga naseningizimu, kanti enyakatho indawo icishe ilingane; indawo inamagquma.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwencazelo efanayo, kunelanga nemvula eningi, isimo sezulu sesigodi sezintaba.
* **Imvelo:** Isifunda, ngokwencazelo efanayo, siyisifunda esiyisibonelo sikahulumeni sempucuko yemvelo.
* **Ukuphakama kanye nenhlabathi:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isilinganiso:** Ayikho imininingwane ngendawo yezingadi nokukhiqizwa emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Imithombo ikhomba izinto zokusetshenziswa, ihlumela elinamaqabunga elilodwa noma amabili ngaphambi kwe-Guyu, kanye nohlobo lokomisa: oluxubile, "okomiswa kancane ngokugazinga kancane ngomoya" (半炒半烘). Ingxenye yomswakama isuka ngesikhathi sokugazinga ebhodweni (炒, *chǎo*), ingxenye ngesikhathi sokomiswa ngomoya oshisayo (烘, *hōng*). Ayikho imingcele emithonjeni etholakele.

Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwalolu hlobo lwetiye eliluhlaza:

1.  **Ukunikeza iqabunga elisha ukuphumula (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Iqabunga likhipha ingxenye yomswakama.
2.  **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Iqabunga lithatha isimo sokusongwa okuqondile.
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*):** Ingxenye ebhodweni, ingxenye ngomoya oshisayo.

Lolu uhlelo olujwayelekile lweklasi, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe be-Tongcheng Haolü.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Ayikho incazelo evamile emithonjeni etholakele. Kunefomula emfushane yesimo, ephindwa nguhulumeni wase-Xianning (2021) kanye ne-Hubei Intellectual Property Office (2019).

* **Isimo seqabunga elomile:** Ukusongwa okuminyene, uboya obuningi, umbala oluhlaza (条索紧、披毫多、色泽绿).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Lihlanzekile (香清), ngokwefomula ye-Hubei Intellectual Property Office; ayihlukanisi iphunga leqabunga nalelo lotshwala.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kuthambile, kugcwele (味醇).
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izindla zetiye (iqabunga eliselisetshenzisiwe):** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

Ifomula efanayo yengeza ukuthi itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuthelwa kaningana (耐冲泡).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ayikho imininingwane ye-physicochemical emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukwenza Itiye:**

Umkhuba weklasi wetiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukuthelwa kokuqala, ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yotshwala.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuthelwa kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba weklasi. Ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Indlela yokugwema ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo No. 33153879.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda sase-Tongcheng futhi usohlwini lwabasebenzisi bophawu olukhethekile, olushicilelwa yi-Hubei Intellectual Property Office.
    * Iqabunga, ukusongwa okuqondile okuminyene okuluhlaza okunoboya obuningi.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Ngokomlando wesifunda, ekuqaleni kwe-Song itiye e-Tongcheng lalisishulwa ngenxa yentela, manje imboni yetiye yesifunda incike kulo.
* Igama lavela ngawo-1960, isimo sakhiwa ngawo-1980, kanti igama livikelwe uphawu kuphela ngo-2021, ngemva kwamashumi ayisithupha eminyaka.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:**

* **I-Songfeng Lü Cha ([松峰绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/songfeng-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza ledolobha lase-Chibi lomasipala ofanayo wase-Xianning.
* **I-Chongyang Baicha ([崇阳白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/chongyang-baicha)):** Itiye lesifunda esingumakhelwane i-Chongyang; iklasi alibhalwanga emibhalweni, izincazelo zihambisana netiye eliluhlaza elivela enhlobonhlobo enamaqabunga akhanyayo.
* **I-Xinyang Mao Jian ([信阳毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xinyang-mao-jian)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elisongwe liqonde lase-Henan, uhlobo olufanayo lwe-maojian.
* **I-Enshi Yu Lu ([恩施玉露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-yulu)):** Itiye lase-Hubei eliluhlaza eliqiniswe ngesitimu, ukuze kuqhathaniswe.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Tongcheng Haolü itiye eliluhlaza elisongwe liqonde elinoboya elivela ekhoneni lezifundazwe ezintathu emaphethelweni e-Mufushan. Isimo sichazwa ngefomula emfushane: ukusongwa okuminyene, uboya obuningi, umbala oluhlaza, iphunga elihlanzekile nokunambitheka okuthambile; itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuthelwa kaningana. Umlando wesifunda mude, kusukela emyalweni wakwaSong wokusishula itiye kuya "esiyaluyalwini setiye" sika-1980, kanti igama, elanikezwa ngawo-1960, livikelwe uphawu kusukela ngo-2021.