---
title: "Téngchōng báichá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/tengchong-baicha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Téngchōng báichá (腾冲白茶)

**Tengchong Baicha** (*Téngchōng báichá*, 腾冲白茶) itiye elimhlophe lasesifundeni sasedolobheni iTengchong (腾冲市) esifundazweni sasedolobheni iBaoshan entshonalanga yesifundazwe saseYunnan, ngasemngceleni neMyanmar. Igama lingelinye lamagama amahlanu okuqinisekisa ezindawo okuthiwa iTengchong, ngokombiko weziphathimandla zendawo, yabhalisa ngo-2016 ngokwezinhlobo ezinhlanu zetiye: eliluhlaza, elibomvu, i-oolong, elimnyama nelimhlophe. Isigaba setiye elimhlophe sathathwa kulolu chungechunge: umbhalo wophawu ngokwawo onesichazelo somkhiqizo angizange ngiwubone, futhi ukubukeka kwetiye akuchazwa yimithombo etholakele. Ngakho-ke indatshana imfushane kunokujwayelekile — ikhuluma ngophawu, indawo kanye nalokho okungakakhulunywa ngakho okwamanje.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye elimhlophe (白茶, *báichá*) — ngokomqondo wochungechunge. Igama elithi «白茶» ngokwalo alifakazeli isigaba: libizwa kanjalo noma itiye eliluhlaza elivela ezinhlotsheni ezinamaqabunga akhanyayo. Ukuphikisana lapha kuhlukile: izimpawu ezinhlanu zaseTengchong ziqanjwe ngezigaba ezinhlanu — 绿茶, 红茶, 乌龙茶, 黑茶 kanye ne白茶, — futhi kulolu chungechunge «白茶» limele igama lesigaba. Ngokushicilelwa kwango-2023 mayelana nelinye lamabhizinisi amakhulu etiye eTengchong, lihlanganisa phakathi kokunye netiye elimhlophe. Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zophawu angizange ngizibone.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye elimhlophe laseYunnan; uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwendawo oluvela ochungechungeni lwe-«腾冲茶».
* **Imvelaphi:** China, isifundazwe saseYunnan (云南, *Yúnnán*), isifunda sedolobha iBaoshan (保山, *Bǎoshān*), isifunda sasedolobheni iTengchong (腾冲, *Téngchōng*).
* **Indawo yophawu:** Uhlu lwesifundazwe lubonisa iTengchong njengokuhlobana kokuphatha komnikazi wophawu. Lokhu akusona isiqiniseko somngcele wendawo; inombolo yophawu, umnikazi kanye nemithetho enesichazelo sendawo angizange ngiyithole.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Cishe 25.0° enyakatho kanye ne-98.5° empumalanga.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **2016 — izimpawu ezinhlanu ngasikhathi sinye.** Ngokombiko kahulumeni waseTengchong, ngo-2016 isifunda sabhalisa izimpawu ezinhlanu zokuqinisekisa indawo: [腾冲绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tengchong-lucha), [腾冲红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tengchong-hongcha), [腾冲乌龙茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tengchong-wulongcha), [腾冲黑茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tengchong-heicha) kanye ne-腾冲白茶. Ukushicilelwa kwango-2023 kuphinda ukuthi iTengchong inezimpawu ezinhlanu ezinjalo. Ikhasi likahulumeni elinombiko wokuqala alivuleki manje.
    * **2019.** Uphawu lwangeniswa ohlwini lwesifundazwe lwezimpawu zendawo zaseYunnan mhla zingama-28 kuZibandlela 2019 (umugqa 67).
    * **Izingadi ezindala.** Ngokombiko wango-2025, edolobhaneni laseCuanlong (窜龙村) esigodini saseMangbang (芒棒镇), phansi kwezintaba zaseGaoligongshan (高黎贡山), kunezingadi ezindala ezingaphezu kwe-2200 mu (1 mu — cishe 667 m²) kanye nezihlahla zetiye ezindala ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-12. Lokhu ukwaziswa ngetiye laseTengchong jikelele, hhayi mayelana nelimhlophe.
* **Igama:** 腾冲 (*Téngchōng*) — igama lesifunda sasedolobheni; 白茶 (*báichá*) — itiye elimhlophe.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Isifunda sithuthukisa i-«腾冲茶» njengenye yamaqembu ayo ayisithupha embonini. Izimpawu ezinhlanu ngezigaba ziqinisa igama laseTengchong kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yalo yetiye, hhayi emkhiqizweni owodwa.

**3. Ukuchazwa Kwezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Uhlobo / I-cultivar:** Emithonjeni etholakele alibiziwe. Encazelweni yesigodi saseCuanlong kukhulunywa ngohlobo olunamaqabunga amakhulu i-勐库大[叶种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu) (*Měngkù dàyèzhǒng*); ukuthi lusetshenziselwa itiye elimhlophe, umthombo awusho.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Iqabunga elivela ezingadini zaseTengchong; izidingo zophawu ngezinto ezingavuthiwe angizange ngizibone.
* **Indinganiso yokuvuna:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Intshonalanga yeYunnan, ingxenye eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yezintaba zaseHengduanshan; indawo yesifunda imise okwesihlangu sehhashi. Kusuka enyakatho-ntshonalanga iTengchong inqamula umngcele neMyanmar, ngokwemininingwane kahulumeni wedolobha — ubude bungama-150 km. Ububanzi besifunda bungu-5845 km².
* **Izintaba-mlilo kanye namanzi:** Ngokwemininingwane kahulumeni wedolobha, esifundeni kunezintaba-mlilo ezingama-99 kanye nemithombo eshisayo engama-88; izintaba zaseGaoligongshan iziphathimandla zizibiza ngokuthi «umgcini womhlaba wezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo».
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical monsoon yasezintabeni, enenkathi emanzi kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba kanye nenkathi eyomile kusukela ngoNovemba kuya ku-Ephreli; ubusika abunamakhaza amakhulu, ihlobo alinakho ukushisa okukhulu. Ngokwemininingwane kahulumeni wedolobha, izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo lingu-15.1 °C, imvula ingu-1531 mm ngonyaka.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ngendawo yophawu ayikho imininingwane. Ukushicilelwa kwango-2023 mayelana nebhizinisi elikhulu letiye laseTengchong kukhuluma ngokuphakama okungu-1800–3200 m endaweni yalo yetiye; umbiko wango-2025 ngesigodi saseCuanlong ukhuluma ngokuphakama okucishe kube ngu-1500 no-2000 m.
* **Umhlabathi:** Ukushicilelwa okufanayo kwango-2023 kukhuluma ngomhlabathi womlotha wentaba-mlilo, imimoya yaseBay of Bengal, umoya ofudumele oswakeme ovela e-Indian Ocean kanye nokwehluka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa phakathi nosuku nobusuku. Lokhu kuyincazelo yendawo yetiye evela ekushicilelweni ngebhizinisi, hhayi izidingo zophawu.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubucwepheshe baleli tiye kanye nemingcele yabo abukho emithonjeni etholakele. Itiye elimhlophe ngokuvamile lenziwa kanje:

1.  **Ukubuna (萎凋, *wěidiāo*):** Okude, emoyeni noma endlini; iqabunga lilahlekelwa umswakama futhi lizinyakazisa kancane.
2.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*):** Kuqinisa iqabunga kanye nephunga.

Ukusonga kanye nokulungisa kuhlelo lwakudala lwetiye elimhlophe akukho. Lokhu kuyindlela ejwayelekile yesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe beTengchong Baicha.

**6. Izici Zokuzwa:**

Ukubukeka kwaleli tiye akuchazwa yimithombo etholakele.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshala:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Umbala wotshala:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **I-tiya leaf dregs (iqabunga elibilisiwe):** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ayikho imininingwane ye-physicochemical emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukwenza Itiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye elimhlophe.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 85–90 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3–5 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Igaiwan, ingilazi noma itiye pot.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukufudumeza izitsha.
    2. Ukubeka itiye bese uthela amanzi.
    3. Ukwenza kokuqala — imizuzu engu-1–2 ku-gaiwan.
    4. Ukuthela ngokuphelele.
    5. Ngokuthelwa ngakunye ukwengeza isikhathi.
    6. Ukuthelwa okune kuya kwayisithupha.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Kuvalwe kahle, endaweni eyomile epholile emnyama, ngaphandle kwephunga elingaziwa. Itiye elimhlophe kuvamile ukuliguga, kodwa ngokuguga kwaleli tiye ngokwalo ayikho imininingwane.

**11. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Funa uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwendawo «腾冲白茶».
    * Qiniseka ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela eTengchong.
    * Ungaphambanisi uphawu nezimpawu ezine ezingomakhelwane zochungechunge: isigaba ngasinye sinophawu lwaso.
    * Khumbula ukuthi «白茶» egameni letiye lesinye isifunda ingasho itiye eliluhlaza elivela kuhlobo olunamaqabunga akhanyayo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:**

* ITengchong yabhalisa izimpawu ezinhlanu zetiye ngasikhathi sinye — esisodwa ngesigaba ngasinye.
* Ngokwemininingwane kahulumeni wedolobha, esifundeni kunezintaba-mlilo ezingama-99 kanye nemithombo eshisayo engama-88.
* Umngcele weTengchong neMyanmar, ngokwemininingwane kahulumeni wedolobha, ubude bawo bungama-150 km.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye:**

* **Yueguang Bai ([月光白](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yueguang-bai)):** Itiye laseYunnan elivela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezinamaqabunga amakhulu, elivame ukuhlukaniswa njengelimhlophe ngokobuchwepheshe.
* **Yunnan Baicha ([云南白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yun-nan-bai-cha)):** Ukubukwa jikelele kwetiye elimhlophe laseYunnan lilonke.
* **Anji Baicha ([安吉白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anji-baicha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elivela kuhlobo olunamaqabunga amhlophe — isibonelo sokuthi «白茶» egameni akusho isigaba esimhlophe.
* **Changning Hongcha ([昌宁红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/changning-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu elinophawu lwendawo lwesifunda saseChangning esifundeni esifanayo saseBaoshan.

**Ekuphetheni:**

Tengchong Baicha — uphawu imithombo etholakele olukhuluma ngakho kancane kakhulu ngetiye ngokwalo: kuyaziwa ukuthi lwabhaliswa ngo-2016 kanye neliluhlaza, elibomvu, i-oolong nelimnyama nokuthi itiye elimhlophe esifundeni liyenziwa. Indawo yalo ikhanga — indawo yezintaba-mlilo eduze kwezintaba zaseGaoligongshan, emngceleni neMyanmar. Ukubukeka, uhlobo nobuchwepheshe akubizwa yimithombo etholakele; kuze kufike umbhalo wophawu, isigaba setiye elimhlophe sincike emqondweni wochungechunge.