---
title: "Tángyá chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/tangya-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Tángyá chá (唐崖茶)

**Tangya Cha** (*Tángyá chá*, 唐崖茶) — itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni sase-Xianfeng (咸丰县) e-Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture eningizimu-ntshonalanga yesifundazwe sase-Hubei. Igama linikezwa isigodi somfula i-Tangyahe (唐崖河), lapho kunengxenye enkulu yezingadi, kanye nemanxiwa endlu yobukhosi bakwa-Tusi yase-Tangya (唐崖土司城址) — indawo eyigugu lomhlaba. Ngaphansi kwegama elivikelwe kunezinhlobo ezimbili: itiye elinamaqabunga amhlophe elivela kuhlobo lwe-白叶一号 kanye netiye eliluhlaza elijwayelekile; «okumhlophe» lapha umbala weqabunga lasentwasahlobo, hhayi isigaba. Kusukela ngo-2020 igama livikelwe njengophawu lwezolimo lwezindawo, kusukela ngo-2025 — njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Izidingo zokuvikela zinikeza incazelo eyodwa yokubukeka — iqabunga elimise okwensipho eliluhlaza okotshani — kanye namaqembu amabili ezinkambiso: okwetiye elinamaqabunga amhlophe (白叶茶, *báiyèchá*) kanye nokwetiye eliluhlaza.
* **Ukudukisa kwegama:** «唐崖白茶» akulona itiye elimhlophe ngokwesigaba. Incazelo yango-2021 kuwebhusayithi yoMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya ibeka ngqo itiye elivela ku-白叶一号 kweliluhlaza, kanti iphephandaba i-«Hubei Daily» (2024) libiza itiye elimhlophe lase-Xianfeng ngohlobo oluzwela izinga lokushisa lwetiye eliluhlaza; indaba efanayo nge-Anji Bai Cha.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lezintaba zase-Wulingshan kanye nomkhiqizo womphakathi wesifunda. Ngokwencazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango, ngaphansi kophawu lwe-«唐崖» kukhona netiye elibomvu, i-oolong, itiye elimnyama, kanye nelimhlophe elomiswe elangeni (晒白茶) — imigqa yophawu, hhayi umumo wokukhomba.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), i-Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (恩施, *Ēnshī*), isifunda sase-Xianfeng (咸丰, *Xiánfēng*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Amadolobha ase-Gaoleshan (高乐山镇), e-Qingping (清坪镇), e-Tangya (唐崖镇), e-Qujiang (曲江镇), e-Pingbaying (坪坝营镇) nase-Chaoyangsi (朝阳寺镇), izigodi zase-Huolongping (活龙坪乡), e-Xiaocun (小村乡) nase-Huangjindong (黄金洞乡), isifunda sase-Daluba (大路坝区工委). Umfakisicelo — inhlangano yetiye yesifunda sase-Xianfeng (咸丰县茶叶协会).
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 108°43′33.09″–109°0′9.89″ empumalanga, 29°19′28″–30°2′54″ enyakatho.

**2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Imibhalo emidala ngesifunda.** Incazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango ilandelela ukutshalwa kwetiye e-Xianfeng kusukela enkathini ye-Three Kingdoms futhi icaphuna i-«Jingzhou Land Records» (《荆州土地记》): kuzo zonke izifunda eziyisikhombisa zase-Wuling kunetiye, futhi yilona elingcono kakhulu. I-Ming dynasty i-«Shiwu ganzhu» (《事物绀珠》) ibala itiye lesifunda sase-Shizhou (施州), lapho i-Xianfeng yayiyingxenye, phakathi kwamatiye angu-96 adumile. Le mibhalo ikhuluma ngesifunda, hhayi nge-Tangya Cha.
    * **Abakwa-Tusi.** Ngokwephephandaba i-«Farmers' Daily» (2021), ukukhiqizwa kwetiye kwakuhlelwa abakwa-Tusi, kanti izindlela eziyishumi nantathu ezindala zetiye nosawoti zazithumela itiye futhi zilethe usawoti. Amanxiwa endlu yobukhosi bakwa-Tusi yase-Tangya kusukela ngo-2015 ayingxenye yendawo eyigugu lomhlaba «Tusi Sites». Ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, ubukhosi bomndeni wakwa-Qin (覃) babukhona kusukela ngo-1346 kuya ku-1735 — izizukulwane eziyishumi nesithupha eminyakeni engu-389 — futhi baphela ngokudluliselwa kwesifunda ekuphathweni okuqondile (改土归流, *gǎitǔ guīliú*). Umagazini i-«Agricultural Products Market» (2022) uthi emfuleni i-Tangyahe kwakunemibuso emithathu yama-Tusi — i-Tangya, i-Longtan ne-Jindong, — kanti itiye lalisebenza njengentela enkantolo kanye nempahla yokushintshanisa ngosawoti namahhashi empi.
    * **2014.** Isifunda saqala ukungenisa ngobuningi uhlobo lwamaqabunga amhlophe lwe-白叶一号.
    * **2018.** Kwakhiwa uhlelo lokuthuthukisa uphawu lwesifunda lwe-«唐崖茶»; ukuphathwa kophawu kwanikezwa inhlangano yetiye yesifunda.
    * **2019.** Kwakhishwa amazinga eqembu e-«Tangya White Tea», e-«Tangya Green Tea» kanye ne-«Tangya Black Tea», afanayo ngokwezinga nangokupakisha. Ngo-26 Septemba igama laphumelela ekuhlolweni nguMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya, ngo-25 Disemba lafakwa ohlwini lokuxoxisana nomphakathi.
    * **2020.** Ngo-30 Ephreli — isitifiketi sophawu lwezolimo lwendawo (inombolo AGI02943). Ngo-Ephreli kwavulwa imakethe yetiye yase-Tangya.
    * **2021.** Uphawu lwe-«唐崖» lwafakwa isicelo sokuqashelwa njengophawu olwaziwayo kulo lonke elase-China; umphumela awushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele. Ngawo lowo nyaka, ngokomagazini i-«Agricultural Products Market», isifunda sangena ezifundeni zokuqala eziyishumi nanye umnyango owazisiza ukwakha imikhiqizo yezolimo.
    * **2025.** Ngesimemezelo № 640 sango-16 Julayi 2025 (sashicilelwa ngo-13 Agasti) i-State Intellectual Property Office yaqashela i-«唐崖茶» njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Igama:** 唐崖 — umfula i-Tangyahe kanye nombuso wakwa-Tusi wase-Tangya; 茶 — itiye.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Umkhiqizo wakhelwe efeni lama-Tusi; imininingwane ngetiye lama-Tusi emithonjeni etholakele ivela ezincwadini zanamuhla, imibhalo eyinhloko ayikho phakathi kwazo. Umagazini i-«Agricultural Products Market» uhlobanisa netiye isobho letiye elinamafutha lama-Tujia (油茶汤, *yóuchátāng*): iqabunga lithoswa emafutheni ashisayo lize libe crispy bese lithelwa kanye nommbila othosiwe, irayisi, i-tofu, i-sesame, amantongomane kanye ne-walnut. Ngokwenganekwane exoxwa umagazini, ama-Tusi ase-Tangya ayenatha leli sobho amasosha awo ngaphambi kwempi. Kukhona futhi lapho kukhunjulwa ingoma yomdabu yase-Enshi ethi «Six Sips of Tea» (六口茶).

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Ngokwezidingo zokuvikela — 龙井43 (*Lóngjǐng 43*), 槠叶齐 (*Zhūyèqí*), 白叶一号 (*Báiyè 1*) kanye nezinye.
* **Uhlobo lwamaqabunga amhlophe:** Ngokwencazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango, iqabunga le-白叶一号 liba mhlophe lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka-23 °C, kanti ngokufudumala ubumhlophe bunyamalala ngokwako; ngakho ukubukeka kubonisa ukuthi itiye lasentwasahlobo. I-«Hubei Daily» (2024) ibiza enye i-interval — 19–23 °C: kuleyo nkathi amahlumela amhlophe anemithambo eluhlaza okotshani, ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwalo iqabunga liba luhlaza. Ukungafani kuhlala kukhona. Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda, ekupheleni kuka-2022 ngaphansi kwetiye elinamaqabunga amhlophe kwakunama-145 eyizinkulungwane *mu* (51.2 % wezingadi zesifunda), ngaphansi kwe-龙井43 — ama-30 eyizinkulungwane *mu*.
* **Izinhlobo ezivela kwezinye izifundazwe:** Ngokushicilelwe ku-«The Paper», esifundeni batshala imali izinkampani zetiye ezivela e-Taiwan nase-Fujian, futhi lapha kwahlangana izinhlobo namasu okucubungula ase-Hubei, e-Fujian nase-Taiwan. Amagama ezinhlobo awanikezwanga.
* **Ukuvuna:** Ngokwezidingo — ngokwezinga, ngamaqembu, izikhathi eziningi, kushiywe amaqabunga; ukuvuna ngokuphelele amaqabunga amabili abhanqiwe (对夹叶) wobumnene obufanayo.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Ngokwencazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango, itiye lifika emakethe kusukela ngezinsuku eziyishumi zokugcina zika-March kuya ku-June.

**4. I-terroir kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Ngokwencazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango — ukujula kwezintaba zase-Wulingshan (武陵山), lapho kuhlangana khona i-Hubei, i-Chongqing, i-Hunan ne-Guizhou. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kwesifunda — cishe amamitha angu-800.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Izingadi zisezigejini zomfula i-Tangyahe cishe ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-800.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwaleyo ncazelo — ubusika obupholile nehlobo elingashisi kakhulu, inkungu eningi nelanga elincane: 14–16 °C ngokwesilinganiso ngonyaka, imvula engu-1460 mm, amahora elanga angu-1062.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwezidingo zokuvikela — inhlabathi enesihlabathi enokukhipha amanzi okuhle, ungqimba olimekayo lungaphezu kwama-50 cm, izinto eziphilayo zingaphezu kwe-1%, i-pH 4.5–6.5. Ngokwaleyo ncazelo, ekuhlolweni kwenhlabathi engxenyeni yesifunda bathola, ngaphandle kwe-selenium, ne-strontium.
* **Ukunakekelwa ngokwezidingo:** Inhlabathi iyavundululwa izikhathi ezine: ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo, ngemva kokuvuna kwentwasahlobo nasehlobo, futhi kujule — ngaphambi kobusika (15–25 cm). Nge-*mu* kufakwa amakhilogremu angu-200 omanyolo wezinto eziphilayo noma we-cake kanye namakhilogremu angu-20 we-potassium compound.
* **Isilinganiso:** Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda (2023), izingadi zingama-283 ezinkulungwane *mu*, umkhiqizo — 12.6 izinkulungwane zamathani kuzo zonke izigaba. Umagazini i-«Agricultural Products Market» (2022) ngend awo efanayo ubala abalimi abangu-149 bezinkulungwane ababambe iqhaza embonini, izimboni zokucubungula ezingu-106 kanye nenani lonyaka lomkhiqizo elingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili zama-yuan; izitifiketi ze-organic noma ze-«green product» — kuma-120 ezinkulungwane *mu*, «selenium tea» — kuma-3.2 ezinkulungwane *mu*. Indiza yempahla yansuku zonke ithwala itiye lesifunda iye ezimakethe zaseningizimu ye-Zhejiang.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Izidingo zokuvikela ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula azinikezi. Incazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango ibeka i-«唐崖白茶» etiyeni eliluhlaza. Ngezansi — uhlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye eliluhlaza, hhayi incazelo yaleli tiye ngqo:

1.  **Ukwandlalwa kweqabunga elisha (摊放, *tānfàng*).**
2.  **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*).**

**6. Izici ze-Organoleptic:**

Izidingo zokuvikela zichaza kuphela iqabunga elomile; okunye — kusuka encazelweni yetiye elinamaqabunga amhlophe neliluhlaza kuwebhusayithi yomnyango (2021).

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ngokwezidingo — okumise okwensipho, okuncane futhi okuminyene, «njengoshiyeyo», okuluhlaza okotshani, okulinganayo futhi okuhlanzekile (外形针状细紧如眉，翠绿匀净). Incazelo yomnyango yetiye elinamaqabunga amhlophe — «njenge-orchid», eluhlaza okotshani, «njenge-jade»; okwetiye eliluhlaza — ukusonga okuncane okuyindilinga okuqondile, okuluhlaza okotshani, okucwebezelayo nokunoboya.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshala:** Elinamaqabunga amhlophe — elintekenteke, eliphakeme neliqhubekayo (嫩香高悦持久); eliluhlaza — iphunga elintekenteke le-castnut, eliphakeme nelide (嫩栗香高长).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Elinamaqabunga amhlophe — kusha, kuthambile, kumnandi futhi kuqabulayo (鲜醇甘爽); eliluhlaza — kusha, kuthambile, nobumnandi obubuyayo (鲜醇爽口回甘).
* **Umbala wotshala:** Elinamaqabunga amhlophe — ocacile futhi okhanyayo (清澈明亮); eliluhlaza — oluhlaza okotshani obuntekenteke futhi okhanyayo (嫩绿明亮).
* **Izinsalela zetiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe):** Elinamaqabunga amhlophe — «izimbali» ezintekenteke ezilinganayo, iqabunga limhlophe, imithambo iluhlaza okotshani (叶白脉翠); eliluhlaza — elincane, elintekenteke, eliluhlaza okotshani nokhanyayo.

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zokuvikela zika-2025:

| Isinkomba | Itiye elinamaqabunga amhlophe | Itiye eliluhlaza |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Ama-polyphenols etiye | okungenani 11% | okungenani 11% |
| Izinto ezincibilika emanzini | okungenani 36% | okungenani 36% |
| Ama-amino acid akhululekile (nge-glutamic acid) | okungenani 5% | awanqunyelwe |
| Umswakama | okungaphezu kwe-6.5% | okungaphezu kwe-6.5% |

Incazelo yango-2021 kuwebhusayithi yomnyango yayinikeza womabili amaqembu okungenani u-40% wezinto ezincibilikayo; ezidingweni zika-2025 — 36%. Esigabeni ngesifunda sase-Enshi leyo ncazelo ibala isilinganiso se-selenium etiyeni esingu-1.068 mg/kg, ngaphandle kwendlela nesampula; iziphetho ngezempilo azilandelwa lapha.

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngokusebenza kwaleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba wetiye eliluhlaza: 80–85 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ingilazi yeglasi noma i-gaiwan, ukuchithwa kokuqala imizuzwana engu-40–60, ukuphindwa kabili noma kathathu.

Incazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango yeluleka isilinganiso setiye namanzi esingu-1 ku-50, ukuchithwa imizuzu emi-2–3 enkomishini ye-porcelain ngaphandle kwesembozo; iqabunga liqale limanziswe ngekota yamanzi.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Epaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini, ngaphandle kokukhanya, komswakama nephunga. Incazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango yeluleka ukuphuza leli tiye ngokushesha nokuligcina esiqandisini esihlukile setiye: ku-2–8 °C — kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-90, ngaphandle kokupholisa ku-8–20 °C — cishe izinsuku ezingama-60.

**11. Intengo kanye nemikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ugwema kanjani imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Funa uphawu lomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo noma uphawu lwezolimo lwendawo.
    * Hlola ukuthi itiye lenziwe kwelinye lamayunithi ayishumi endawo evikelwe esifundeni sase-Xianfeng.
    * Khumbula ukuthi i-«唐崖白茶» ngesigaba iluhlaza.
    * Ungathathi njengomumo ovikelwe eminye imigqa yophawu lwe-«唐崖»: itiye elibomvu, i-oolong, itiye elimnyama kanye nelimhlophe elomiswe elangeni akuchazwanga ngezidingo zokuvikela.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Ngokwencazelo yomnyango, iqabunga le-白叶一号 liba mhlophe lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka-23 °C futhi liba luhlaza ngokufudumala, ngakho ubumhlophe bukhuluma ngokwako ngokuvuna kwentwasahlobo.
* Isifunda sineziqu ze-«hundred best tea counties of China», «main tea-producing county of the country» kanye ne-«model county for the development of white tea in China», kanti ukushicilelwa ku-«The Paper» kusibiza futhi nge-«first county in Hubei for oolong», ngesizinda setiye elimhlophe sama-3000 *mu*.
* Imigqa yomkhiqizo iqanjwe ngombala: «崖绿», «崖白», «崖黑» kanye ne-«崖红» — «idwala» eliluhlaza, elimhlophe, elimnyama nelibomvu; kanjalo ibalwa yileyona ncazelo.
* Ngokwencazelo yomnyango, ngaphansi kophawu lwe-«唐崖» kuthengiswa neziphuzo ezingaveli esihlahleni setiye: «藤茶» evela emvinini womndeni we-grape kanye ne-«老鹰红» evela emaqabungeni esitshalo somndeni we-laurel.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye:**

* **Anji Bai Cha ([安吉白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anji-baicha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lase-Zhejiang elivela ohlotsheni olufanayo lwe-白叶一号 futhi lokuduka kwegama okufanayo.
* **Enshi Yu Lu ([恩施玉露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-yulu)):** Itiye eliluhlaza eliqiniswe ngesitimu elivela endaweni efanayo ezimele.
* **Hefeng Cha ([鹤峰茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/hefeng-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase-Hefeng endaweni efanayo.
* **Enshi Xi Cha ([恩施硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-xicha)):** Uphawu lwesambulela sesifunda, ohlwini lwamagama alo kubalwa i-Tangya Cha.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Tangya Cha itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase-Xianfeng, eliqanjwe ngomfula i-Tangyahe kanye nombuso wakwa-Tusi wase-Tangya. Isici sayo esiyinhloko — uhlobo lwamaqabunga amhlophe lwe-白叶一号, iqabunga lasentwasahlobo eliba mhlophe emakhazeni; ngesigaba leli tiye lihlala liluhlaza. Izidingo zokuvikela zilichaza kafushane — iqabunga eliluhlaza okotshani elimise okwensipho kanye namaqembu amabili ezinkambiso, — kanti incazelo kuwebhusayithi yomnyango yengeza iphunga elintekenteke eliphakeme kanye neqabunga elimhlophe elinemithambo eluhlaza okotshani.