---
title: "Suíníng qīngqiánliǔ chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/suining-qingqianliu-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Suíníng qīngqiánliǔ chá (绥宁青钱柳茶)

**ISuining Qingqianliu Cha** (*Suíníng qīngqiánliǔ chá*, 绥宁青钱柳茶) — “itiye” elenziwe ngamaqabunga amancane e-cyclocarya, isihlahla 青钱柳 (*Cyclocarya paliurus*) somndeni wamantongomane, esivela esifundeni sase-Suining (绥宁县) ngaphansi kukamasipala wedolobha i-Shaoyang eningizimu-ntshonalanga yesifundazwe sase-Hunan. Akukho sihlahla setiye *Camellia sinensis* kuso: igama elithi “cha” lapha lisho indlela yokuphisa, hhayi ukuhlobana kwezitshalo. Iqabunga licutshungulwa ngendlela efana neyetiye — ngokulungisa, ukusonga nokomisa — futhi umkhiqizo osuphelile, ngokwezimfuneko zawo, unsundu, unomphefumulo osagolide kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi. Kusukela ngo-2016 lona kungumkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Akulona itiye ngokwesayensi yezitshalo futhi akulona nelilodwa ezigabeni eziyisithupha zetiye laseShayina. Izimfuneko zomkhiqizo ovikelwe zibiza kuphela i-青钱柳 (*Cyclocarya paliurus*) njengempahla eluhlaza.
* **Isigaba:** Ukufakwa okungaveli esitshalweni setiye; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (2016).
* **Imvelaphi:** IShayina, isifundazwe sase-Hunan (湖南, *Húnán*), umasipala wedolobha i-Shaoyang (邵阳, *Shàoyáng*), isifunda i-Suining (绥宁, *Suíníng*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Izimfuneko zomkhiqizo ekulandiseni kwemibhalo yereferensi zibala izigodi namadolobhana angama-25 esifunda, okuhlanganisa isigodi sase-Huangsangping-Miao (黄桑坪苗族乡), i-Zhaishi-Miao-Dong (寨市苗族侗族乡), i-Le'anpu-Miao-Dong (乐安铺苗族侗族乡) kanye nedolobhana i-Hongyan (红岩镇). Isimemezelo sesifunda sango-2017, sibhekisa esimemezelweni esifanayo sango-2016, sibiza indawo njengezigodi namadolobhana ayi-17 emingceleni yamanje yokuphatha yesifunda. Ukuthi kungani kunomehluko ekubalweni, akuchazwanga emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Amanye amagama:** Isihlahla emvelweni sibizwa ngokuthi “isihlahla semali” (摇钱树, *yáoqiánshù*).

**2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Izinganekwane.** Ushicilelo lwendawo, lucaphuna i-“Suining minzu zhi” (绥宁民族志), lubhala ukuthi ama-Miao esifunda aphisa amaqabunga amancane e-cyclocarya iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu, futhi inkosi yokuvukela kwama-Miao ngesikhathi se-Ming u-Li Tianbao (李天保; kuvela nokubhalwa okuthi 李天宝) kuthiwa wamemezela “isihlahla semali” njenge “sihlahla esingcwele, esivikela izwe”. Enye inganekwane ilandisa ukuthi ngawo-1930 abantu bendawo baphisa leli phuzo amasosha e-Red Army ayedlula. Lezi yizindaba zendawo, hhayi imibhalo eqinisekisiwe.
    * **2014–2015.** Ngokwe-“Red Net”, kusukela ngo-2014 i-Suining kanye nesifunda esingumakhelwane esizimele sase-Chengbu Miao (城步) bazilungiselela ngokuzimela izicelo zophawu lwendawo “青钱柳茶”. Ngomhla ka-1 Julayi 2015 emnyangweni wedolobha wokulawula ubuchwepheshe e-Shaoyang kwabikwa ukuthi zombili zidlule ukuhlolwa kokuqala emnyangweni wesifundazwe. Inhloko yomnyango wedolobha yachaza ukuthi ngenxa yesimo sezulu esihlukile, imikhiqizo yezifunda ezimbili inezakhi ezihlukile nokunambitheka okuhlukile.
    * **2016.** I-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (质检总局) ngesimemezelo № 63 sango-2016 yavikela “绥宁青钱柳茶” njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo; imibhalo yereferensi ithi isinqumo sanqunywa mhla ziyi-4 kuJulayi 2016.
    * **2017.** Abaphathi besifunda bagunyaza isimemezelo sokuvikelwa komkhiqizo kanye nenqubo yokusetshenziswa kophawu olukhethekile (umbhalo wangomhla ziyi-17 kuJanuwari 2017).
    * **2023.** Umnyango we-Hunan wokulawula izimakethe wakhipha indinganiso yendawo i-DB43/T 2873-2023 “地理标志产品 绥宁青钱柳茶”: yashicilelwa ngomhla zingama-20 kuZibandlela 2023, isebenza kusukela mhla zingama-20 kuNdasa 2024.
* **Igama:** “Suining” (绥宁) — igama lesifunda; “qingqianliu” (青钱柳) — ngokwezwi nezwi “i-willow eluhlaza yemali”, igama lesiShayina le-cyclocarya; “cha” (茶) — itiye ngomqondo obanzi.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ngokombhalo wereferensi mayelana no-2016–2017, esifundeni kwakukhona amasimu e-cyclocarya angaphezu kuka-20 000 mu kanye nama-cooperative ayi-14, inani lonyaka lomkhiqizo lalingaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu zama-yuan, umkhiqizo wawuthunyelwa e-Japan, e-United Kingdom, e-South Korea nase-Russia.

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nempahla eluhlaza:**

* **Isitshalo:** 青钱柳 (*qīngqiánliǔ*, *Cyclocarya paliurus*) — isihlahla somndeni wamantongomane (胡桃科), esitholakala kuphela eShayina. Inhlangano yase-Hunan yezinto zokwelapha isibiza ngokuthi insalela yenkathi yeqhwa kanye nesihlahla sesigaba sesibili sokuvikelwa kukahulumeni; iphephandaba lendawo, ngokulandisa, lisibeka endaweni yokulondoloza i-Huangsang (黄桑) njengezinhlobo ezibalulekile esifundazweni. Lokhu kungahambisani nohlu lwezitshalo ezivikelwe akukaqhathaniswa.
* **Uhlobo:** Izimfuneko zomkhiqizo azibizi izinhlobo noma ama-clone.
* **Indinganiso yokuvuna:** Amahlumela kusukela “eqhulwini neqabunga elilodwa” kuye “eqhulwini namacembe amane”.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Mashi kuze kube maphakathi no-Ephreli — ngokwezimfuneko zomkhiqizo.

**4. Indawo kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Isifunda esinezintaba eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Hunan, nendawo yokulondoloza i-Huangsang ngaphakathi kwaso.
* **Ukuphakama kokukhula:** Izimfuneko zomkhiqizo — hhayi ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-500 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Inhlangano yezinto zokwelapha ibhala ngezintaba ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-800, umbhalo wereferensi — ngebanga lamamitha angu-500–2500 le-cyclocarya yesifunda.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwencazelo yenhlangano — kufudumele futhi kunomswakama, kunemvula, nokwehluka okukhulu kokushisa phakathi kosuku nobusuku; ngenkathi yokuvuna kwentwasahlobo inkungu imile cishe nsuku zonke, izinsuku ezinokunkungu ngonyaka zingaphezu kwekhulu.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwezimfuneko — enodaka, ubukhulu obungaphansi kwamasentimitha angu-85, i-pH 4.5–6.7, izinto eziphilayo ezingaphansi kuka-1.5 %.
* **Ubuchwepheshe bokulima:** Akukho ngaphezu kwezihlahla eziyi-1400 ehekthareni ngalinye; umquba ophilayo — hhayi ngaphansi kuka-1.5 kg isihlahla ngasinye ngonyaka ngesikhathi sokukhula futhi hhayi ngaphansi kuka-9 kg ngemva kokuqala ukuvuna.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Izimfuneko zomkhiqizo ovikelwe, ekulandiseni kwemibhalo yereferensi, zibeka lolu chungechunge olulandelayo:

1.  **Ukugeza (清洗, *qīngxǐ*) kanye nokungenisa umoya kweqabunga (晾青, *liàngqīng*).**
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** 120–130 °C, kuze kube yilapho iqabunga lithamba futhi linomswakama, liba luhlaza okotshani okumnyama futhi licindezela libe yinqwaba exekethile.
3.  **Ukupholisa (冷却, *lěngquè*):** Ngengqimba engekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-6.
4.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
5.  **Ukomisa ebhodweni (炒干, *chǎogān*):** 80–90 °C, kuze kube komile okungu-80–85 %.
6.  **Ukufudumeza okwengeziwe ngephunga (提香, *tíxiāng*):** 80–90 °C, kuze kube komile okungu-95 %.
7.  **Ukukhetha (挑选, *tiāoxuǎn*) nokupakisha.**

Eminye imibhalo ichaza uchungechunge olufushane: ukukhetha, ukuhlanza, ukubeka iqabunga, ukulungisa, ukusonga nokusika (揉切, *róuqiē*) kanye nokomisa.

**6. Izici ze-organoleptic:**

Incazelo engezansi — izimfuneko zomkhiqizo ovikelwe.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Imichilo emide noma ama-granule, anombala onsundu ngokunsundu (棕褐色).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile.
* **Iphunga lomphefumulo:** Lihlanzekile, lisha (清香).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kumnandi (甘甜).
* **Umbala womphefumulo:** Usagolide ophuzi (金黄).
* **Iqabunga elitiyelwe phansi:** Ezimfunekweni ayikho incazelo; inhlangano yezinto zokwelapha ilibiza ngokuthi liyakhanya (叶底明亮).

Le nhlangano efanayo engxenyeni yokukhangisa ibhala ngendlela ehlukile: iqabunga “肥壮” — linamanzi, umphefumulo “嫩黄” — uphuzi ngobumnene, ukunambitheka “鲜爽回甘” — kusha, nobumnandi obubuya. Le ncazelo ayihambisani nezimfuneko zomkhiqizo ngombala womphefumulo.

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Izimfuneko ze-physicochemical zomkhiqizo ovikelwe:

| Inkomba | Isidingo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-flavonoid e-cyclocarya aphelele | hhayi ngaphansi kuka-2.0 g nge-100 g |
| Ama-saponin e-cyclocarya aphelele | hhayi ngaphansi kuka-2.8 % |

Ukubuyekezwa kwesayensi kubiza amaqembu amakhulu ezinto eqabunga le-cyclocarya ngokuthi ama-polysaccharide, ama-flavonoid nama-triterpenoid. Azikho izilinganiso ze-caffeine zalomkhiqizo emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Awekho amaminithi aqinisekisiwe ngomphumela walo mkhiqizo uqobo. Imibhalo yokukhangisa ithi isiphuzo sehlisa ushukela, amafutha nengcindezi yegazi; ukubuyekezwa kwesayensi kukhuluma ngemiphumela enjalo yeqabunga le-cyclocarya njengendawo yocwaningo, hhayi njengomphumela ofakazelwe womkhiqizo. Lokhu akusona isincomo sokwelapha.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Azikho izindlela ze-Suining Qingqianliu Cha emithonjeni etholakele; ngezansi — imingcele evamile yokufakwa kwekhambi okuvela eqabungeni elisongiwe.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 90–100 °C.
* **Inani:** 2–3 g nge-150–200 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi, i-gaiwan noma i-teapot ye-porcelain.
* **Inqubo:** Fudumeza izitsha, uthele iqabunga, umphefumulo wokuqala — imizuzu emi-2–3, bese kulandela ukuphisa okuningana ngokwandisa isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emphaketheni oqinile, endaweni eyomile emnyama, kude namaphunga nomswakama.

**11. Intengo kanye nemikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Uzivika kanjani emikhiqizweni yomgunyathi:**
    * Funani uphawu olukhethekile lomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo. Isimemezelo sesifunda sango-2017 sidinga ukuthi umkhiqizo kanye nokumakwa kuhambisane nendinganiso yendawo noma indinganiso yenkampani esebenzayo, futhi umkhiqizi agcine amajenali okukhiqiza, okulawula kanye nokuthengisa; ilungelo lophawu liyakhishwa uma lingasetshenziswa iminyaka emibili noma ukwephulwa kungalungiswa.
    * Ohlwini lwe-State Intellectual Property Office lwezinkampani ezingu-941 ezivunyelwe uphawu olukhethekile, ngaphansi kwe-“绥宁青钱柳茶” kubhalwe inkampani i-湖南青钱宝科技有限公司.
    * Ungadidanisi neziphuzo ze-cyclocarya ezivela kwezinye izindawo: ohlwini olufanayo kukhona umkhiqizo ohlukile ovikelwe “恩施青钱柳” wesifundazwe sase-Hubei, kanti nesicelo sayo sasilungiselelwa ngu-Chengbu ongumakhelwane.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Igama lesiShayina lesihlahla — “i-willow eluhlaza yemali”, elesintu — “isihlahla semali”.
* Ukuvuna kuthatha amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane kuphela — kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Mashi kuze kube maphakathi no-Ephreli.
* Ama-Suining no-Chengbu angomakhelwane afaka izicelo zegama elifanayo “青钱柳茶” ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi isikhulu somnyango wedolobha i-Shaoyang sachaza umehluko wemikhiqizo ngesimo sezulu esihlukile.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa nokunye ukufakwa okungaveli esihlahleni setiye:**

* **Xupu Yaocha ([溆浦瑶茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xupu-yaocha)):** Nakhu ukufakwa okuvikelwe kwase-Hunan okuvela emaqabungeni esihlahla, kodwa komndeni we-beech; iqabunga eliluhlaza okotshani okumnyama elisongiwe kanye nomphefumulo ophuzi okhanyayo.
* **Laifeng Tengcha ([来凤藤茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/laifeng-tengcha)):** Ukufakwa okuvikelwe okuvela emvinini womndeni wamagilebhisi wase-Hubei, nokukhanya okumpunga-okumhlophe eqabungeni kanye nomphefumulo ophuzi-ohlaza.
* **Dayaoshan Tiancha ([大瑶山甜茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dayaoshan-tiancha)):** “Itiye elimnandi” lezintaba zase-Dayaoshan e-Guangxi, nawo umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Chengbu Dongcha ([城步峒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/chengbu-dongcha)):** Ngokuphambene — itiye langempela lesifunda esingumakhelwane i-Chengbu.

**Ekuphetheni:**

ISuining Qingqianliu Cha — ukufakwa okuvela emaqabungeni amancane e-cyclocarya ezintabeni eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Hunan, okuvikelwe kusukela ngo-2016: ukuvuna okufushane kwentwasahlobo, ukulungisa nokomisa ngendlela efana neyetiye, iqabunga elinsundu, umphefumulo osagolide nokunambitheka okumnandi. Izimfuneko zalo zikala ikhwalithi ngama-flavonoid nama-saponin e-cyclocarya, hhayi ngezinto zetiye: leli “yitiye” ngomqondo wesintu, hhayi ngowesayensi yezitshalo.