---
title: "Sōngyáng Yín Hóu"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/songyang-yin-hou
lang: zu
updated: 2026-04-08
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Sōngyáng Yín Hóu (松阳银猴)

Sōngyáng Yín Hóu (松阳银猴, Sōngyáng yín hóu — “Inkawu Elisiliva yaseSongyang”) iyitiyela eliluhlaza eliyingqayizivele elivela esifundeni saseSongyang esifundazweni saseZhejiang, elibizwa ngegama elithi “igugu phakathi kwamatiye” (茶中瑰宝, chá zhōng guībǎo) ngenxa yesimo salo esingajwayelekile: amahlumela asontekile aqinile, ambozwe kakhulu uboya besiliva, agotshwe ngendlela efana nezinpaphe zenkawu. Ukuhlanganiswa “kwesiliva” yoboya nokusonteka “okwenkawu” kwaveza elinye lamagama anemibala egqamile emhlabeni wetiye laseChina. Ngo-2023, uSōngyáng Yín Hóu wathola umklomelo wegolide emkhosini wamazwe ngamazwe wetiye laseShanghai futhi wafakwa ohlwini lwamatiye anikezwa emihlanganweni yoMkhandlu Wezwe wasePeople’s Republic of China (国务院会议指定用茶).

**1. Ukuhlelwa Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavutshiwe). Ngokwesimo — “igwegwe” elisontelwe (卷曲多毫, juǎnqū duōháo), elinokugotshwa okuphawulekayo, okufana “nonzipho lwenkawu” (弯钩状, wāngōu zhuàng).

* **Isigaba:** Umkhiqizo owabelwe uphawu lukazwelonke lwendawo yezwe (国家地理标志产品, 2008). Itiye elidumile laseZhejiang (浙江省名茶, 1984). Umklomelo wegolide womkhosi wamazwe ngamazwe wetiye laseShanghai (2023). Itiye lemihlangano yoMkhandlu Wezwe wasePRC (国务院会议指定用茶).

* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseZhejiang (浙江, Zhèjiāng), idolobha iLishui (丽水市, Líshuǐ Shì), isifunda iSongyang (松阳县, Sōngyáng Xiàn). Isifunda sisemifuleni engenhla yoMfula i-Oujiang (瓯江), sizungezwe izintaba iMaoshan (卯山), Wan shou shan (万寿山) nezinye, sinamanzi aphuma ezintabeni. Amaphesenti amahlathi – 93%.

* **Izixhumanisi zokuma komhlaba:** Cishe 28°27′ enyakatho yesikhundla, 119°29′ empumalanga ye-longitude.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:** Ukutshalwa kwetiye eSongyang kusukela esikhathini sikaTang, lapho amatiye endawo ayesaziwa kakade. Ngesikhathi se-Song imbongi enkulu u-Su Dongpo (苏东坡, Sū Dōngpō) yayidumisa itiye lalesi sifunda ngezinkondlo: “Umhlaba awuziboni izimbali zobisi zaseTiantai, manje sikuphi umpe webhitawuli osuka eYuchuan?” (天台乳花世不见，玉川风液今何有) — kuqinisekisa isikhundla esiphakeme setiye lendawo eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule.

	I-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu yesimanjemanje yadalwa ngo-**1981** nguMnyango Wezolimo Wesifunda SaseSongyang (松阳县农业局), owathi, ngokusekelwe ezindleleni zasendulo namacultivar endawo, waqamba indlela yokuqanjwa “kokusonteka kwegwegwe” ngoboya obuningi. Ngo-1984 itiye lathola isikhundla esithi “Itiye Elidumile laseZhejiang”. Ngo-2003 — “Igama Elidumile laseZhejiang”. Ngo-2008 — ukuvikelwa kophawu lukazwelonke lwendawo yezwe.

* **Igama:**

	* “Songyang” (松阳) — “Ilanga Likaphayini”: igama lesifunda, elibonisa ukwanda kwamahlathi kaphayini nokuchayeka kwemithambeka eningizimu.
	* “Yin” (银) — “isiliva”: ichaza uboya obuminyene besiliva obumhlophe, obumboza amahlumela.
	* “Hou” (猴) — “inkawu”: ichaza isimo setiye elisontelwe, eligotshwe, elifana nonzipho lwenkawu. Leli ngelinye lamagama anemifanekiso akhumbuleka kakhulu phakathi kwamatiye aseChina.

* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** ISongyang — “isifunda setiye” esinezimpande ezijulile: abantu abangaphezu kuka-40% ngandlela-thile baxhumene nemboni yetiye. I-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu — ingelinye lamatiye ambalwa ahlonishwe ngesikhundla “setiye loMkhandlu Wezwe” (国务院会议指定用茶) — itiye elinikezwa emihlanganweni yesigungu esiphezulu sikahulumeni wePRC.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Izinhlobo / I-cultivar:** Iminyombo yomdabu yasendaweni ye-*Camellia sinensis* var. *sinensis*. Amahlumela — anenyama, ambozwe kakhulu uboya. Izihlahlana zivunyelaniswe nesimo sezulu somswakama sezintaba zaseSongyang.

* **Ukuvuna:** Ekuseni entwasahlobo. Ngebanga eliphezulu kakhulu lomkhiqizo wesigaba sokuqala (特一级) — imiqumbe egcwele noma umqumbe owodwa oneqabunga elilodwa elisendleleni yokuvuleka (≥90%). Uboya — buningi, bumboza ≥90% yengaphezulu. Ngebanga eliphezulu lesigaba sesibili (特二级) — umqumbe owodwa oneqabunga elilodwa (≥80%). Ngesigaba sokuqala — umqumbe owodwa oneqabunga elilodwa kuya kwamabili. Ngesigaba sesibili — umqumbe owodwa onamaqabunga amabili.

* **Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe:** Amahlumela athambile, anenyama, afanayo. Ukucutshungulwa — ngosuku lokuvuna.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Ezikhethekile Zokutshala:**

* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical monsoon. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo — 17.7°C, imvula yonyaka — 1511 mm. Inani lezinsuku ezinenkungu lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo — **≥200**. Umswakama ohlobene — ≥80%. Ukwanda kokukhanya okusakazekile.

* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Amasimu amakhulu — asendaweni yezintaba ezungeze ama-300+ m, ezigodini zemifula, ezivikelve izintaba emoyeni.

* **Inhlabathi:** I-clay ephuzi (黄泥土, huángní tǔ) kanye “ne-clay ebomvu yephayini” (红松泥, hóng sōng ní), i-pH 4.5–6.5. Ukujula kwephrofayela — ≥0.5 m. Okuqukethwe yizinto eziphilayo — ≥1.0%.

* **I-ecosystem:** Amaphesenti amahlathi — **93%** — enye yezilinganiso eziphakame kakhulu phakathi kwezifunda ezitshala itiye e-China nasemhlabeni. Umfula i-Oujiang kanye nemingenela yawo kunqamula indawo, kudala isimo sezulu esincane esinomswakama ophezulu.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe be-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu — benziwa ngesandla ngokuphelele, ngendlela ehlukile yokwakhiwa “kokusonteka kwegwegwe”. Ifomula yobungcweti: “ukugazinga kancane, ingcindezi elula, ukwakhiwa kanye nokugazinga ngesikhathi esisodwa” (慢速轻炒，边炒边整).

* **Ukubeka isendlalelo (摊放 — tānfàng):** Ngesendlalelo esincane esingamasentimitha ayi-1.5–2 ukuze kuvundlulwe.

* **Ukulungiswa (杀青 — shāqīng):** Ngama-150–200°C, ngokushintshashintsha “kokujikijela” kanye “nokubilisa” (抛闷结合, pāo mèn jiéhé).

* **Ukusonteka (揉捻 — róuniǎn):** Okunezigaba ezintathu — “okulula → okuqinile → okulula” (轻-重-轻).

* **Ukwakhiwa “konzipho lwenkawu” (造型 — zàoxíng):** Ngokushisa okungu-~80°C, ingcweti isebenzisa ukunyakaza okukhethekile “kokunyakazisa, ukucindezela, nokuqondisa” (抖捺理, dǒu nà lǐ) ukwakha isimo esigotshwe “njengegwegwe” esiphawulekayo. Lesi yisigaba esibalulekile futhi sobuciko obuphezulu, esichaza ukubukeka okuyingqayizivele kwe-Yín Hóu.

* **Ukomiswa (烘干 — hōnggān):** Okunezigaba ezimbili: okokuqala kungu-75°C, okokugcina kungu-50°C — indlela ethambile, egcina kakhulu uboya obusiliva nephunga le-chestnut.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Amahlumela asontekile aqinile, anenyama, anokugotshwa “okuyigwegwe” okuphawulekayo (卷曲多毫，弯钩状). Anenyama futhi afana ngokwanele (肥壮匀整). Ambozwe kakhulu uboya obusiliva obumhlophe — “isiliva” yoboya kanye “nenkawu” yesimo yilokho okwanikeza itiye igama.

* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** I-Chestnut (栗香, lì xiāng) — inothi eliyinhloko, eligcwele futhi eliqinile. Ubusha obuhlanzekile obuluhlaza (清香持久). “Iphunga elibandayo” (冷香, lěngxiāng) — inothi eliyingqayizivele, eliphawuleka ngamatiye e-ecological asezintabeni eziphakeme.

* **Iphunga lokumpontshwa:** I-Chestnut, eqinile, enomsindo ongaphambili “obandayo”.

* **I-flavour:** Elisha futhi elinobisi (鲜爽), elinobumnandi obuthe xaxa (甘醇, gānchún), elisha eligxilile (浓鲜, nóngxiān) — inothi le-amino acid livezwa ngokugqamile ikakhulukazi. **Ubumnandi obubuyayo — buyashesha** (回甘迅猛, huígān xùnměng) — ngomunye wama-“huigan” asheshayo futhi anamandla kakhulu phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza.

* **Umbala wokumpontshwa:** Oluhlaza okotshani othe xaxa, ohlanzekile, ogqamile futhi osobala (嫩绿清澈明亮).

* **Inzansi yetiye:** Amahlumela athambile, anenyama, aqoqwe abe “ngama-bud” (嫩绿成朵、匀齐肥嫩). Iqabunga — linwebekile, liyaphila.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

* **Ama-Polyphenol (ama-catechin):** Okuqukethwe okubalulekile — kuhlinzeka ngamandla e-antioxidant. Ngokocwaningo, ukusebenza kahle kokuqedwa kwama-radical akhululekile — kuphakeme ngokuphindwe ka-18 kunalokho kwe-vithamini E.

* **Amino acid (okuhlanganisa ne-L-theanine):** Okuqukethwe okuphezulu — umphumela wezinsuku zenkungu ezingaphezu kwama-200, ukukhanya okusabalaliswayo okuningi kanye nenhlabathi ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo. Yi-amino acid ngempela ebonelela “ngo-huigan osheshayo” — ubumnandi obubuyayo ngokushesha.

* **Ama-alkaloid:** I-caffeine — okuqukethwe **ngamaphesenti ka-20 ngaphezulu** kunetiye elijwayelekile eliluhlaza (ngokocwaningo). Kunikeza umphumela ophawulekayo wokuqinisa.

* **Amavithamini:** I-vithamini C, amavithamini eqembu B.

* **Amaminerali:** I-potassium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-manganese.

**8. Izakhiwo Ezizuzisayo:**

* **Umphumela wokuqinisa (提神醒脑):** Okuqukethwe kwe-caffeine okuphezulu (+20% kunesilinganiso) kunikeza ugqozi oluphawulekayo. I-L-theanine inciphisa futhi yandise umphumela.
* **Umphumela we-antioxidant:** Ama-polyphenol — ukusebenza kahle okuphindwe ka-18 kunokwe-vithamini E.
* **Umphumela wokupholisa (清热解暑):** Itiye lingaphansi “kokubanda kancane” (性微寒, xìng wēi hán) — lisusa “ukushisa kwangaphakathi”.
* **Ukuthuthukisa ukugaya ukudla:** Ama-catechin.
* **Ukuqinisa amandla okuvikela umzimba:** Indidiyelo yamavithamini namaminerali.

* **Kubalulekile:** izakhiwo ezibaluliwe zisekelwe esazisweni esitholakalayo emphakathini futhi akuzona izincomo zezokwelapha.

**9. Ukudidiyela:**

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 85–90°C.

* **Inani letiye:** amagremu angu-3 kumamililitha angu-150 wamanzi (isilinganiso esiyi-1:50).

* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yegilasi — ukuze ubuke “izinkawu zesiliva” zizungeza emanzini.

* **Inqubo (indlela “yokuthelwa okuthathu” / 三投法):**

	1. Shisisa ingilazi, ukhiphe amanzi.
	2. Thela amanzi afinyelele ku-1/3 womthamo.
	3. Thela itiye, unyakazise ingilazi — “vula iphunga” (摇香, yáoxiāng, amasekhondi angu-30).
	4. Ngezela amanzi afinyelele ku-7/10 womthamo.
	5. Ukumpontshwa kokuqala — umzuzu owodwa.
	6. Okwesibili kuya kweyesine — yandisa ngamasekhondi ayi-15. Itiye likwazi ukumelana **nokumpontshwa okungu-4–6**.

* **Qaphela:** kunconywa ukuthi itiye elisanda kuthengwa ligcinwe izinsuku eziyi-15 ukuze “kuhambe ukunambitheka komlilo”. Ungalithela ngamanzi abilayo — lokhu kubhubhisa i-chlorophyll futhi kukhiphe umbala ophuzi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

* Gcina esitsheni esivala ngokuqinile, endaweni emnyama futhi epholile.
* Okulungile — isiqandisi esingu-0–5°C.
* Isikhathi sokugcina — kufikela ezinyangeni eziyi-12–18.
* Ngemva kokuvulwa — sebenzisa phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-1–2.

**11. Intengo Nemikhonyovu:**

I-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu — itiye elinesistimu yamabanga ethuthukisiwe: amaleveli amane (特一级, 特二级, 一级, 二级). Eliphezulu kakhulu — lisuka kuma-yuan angama-800 nge-jin (500 g).

* **Ungayigwema kanjani imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**

	* **Thenga kubathengisi abathembekile** abanophawu lokumakwa kwendawo yesifunda saseSongyang.
	* **Hlola isimo:** ukugotshwa “okuyigwegwe” okuphawulekayo, amahlumela anenyama anoboya besiliva obuningi. Amaqabunga aqondile noma axekethile — akusilo i-Yín Hóu.
	* **Hlola iphunga:** inothi le-chestnut eliqinile elinothi “elibandayo”. Ukungabikho kwe-chestnut — kuyasoleka.
	* **Hlola “ihuigan”:** ubumnandi obubuyayo obusheshayo, obunamandla — uphawu lobuqotho. I-huigan ebuthakathaka noma engekho — umgunyathi.
	* **Naka intengo:** intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo — uphawu lomgunyathi.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* I-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu — ingelinye lamatiye ambalwa anegama eliqukethe isithombe sesilwane: “inkawu” (猴) — kubhekisa esimweni sehlumela elisontelwe, elifana nonzipho lwenkawu olugotshwe. Phakathi kwamatiye “e-zoological” kukhona ne-Taiping Houkui ([太平猴魁](https://thetea.app/zu/article/taiping-hou-kui), “Inkosi Yenkawu yaseTaiping”), i-Bai Mao Hou ([白毛猴](https://thetea.app/zu/article/bai-mao-hou), “Inkawu Enoboya Obumhlophe”).

* Isikhundla “setiye loMkhandlu Wezwe” (国务院会议指定用茶) — elinye lamazinga aphakeme “kwezombangazwe” emhlabeni wetiye laseChina. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu inikezwa emihlanganweni yesigungu esiphezulu sikahulumeni wePRC — uMkhandlu Wezwe.

* Amaphesenti amahlathi esifunda saseSongyang — **93%** — cishe irekhodi eliphelele phakathi kwezifunda ezitshala itiye. Amasimu etiye “acwiliswe ehlathini”.

* “I-huigan esheshayo” (回甘迅猛) — ngesinye sezici ezihamba phambili zokunambitheka: ubumnandi obubuyayo bubuya ngokushesha futhi ngamandla angajwayelekile, okuvelela i-Yín Hóu phakathi kwamatiye amaningi aluhlaza, lapho i-huigan ikhula kancane.

* Okuqukethwe kwe-caffeine kungaphezulu ngamaphesenti ka-20 kunetiye elijwayelekile eliluhlaza — okwenza i-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu ibe ngelinye lamatiye aluhlaza “avusa kakhulu” e-Zhejiang.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aseZhejiang kanye namanye “enkawu”:**

* **Kaihua Longding ([开化龙顶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/kaihua-long-ding)):** Kusuka entshonalanga ye-Zhejiang. Igqazile, injengezinaliti, ine-orchid. I-Longding — “iluhlaza” futhi ibukeka kakhulu ngokubonakalayo; i-Yín Hóu — isonteke kakhulu futhi ine-chestnut, ine-huigan enamandla.

* **Taiping Houkui (太平猴魁):** Ekusuka e-Anhui. Itiye “lenkawu” futhi, kodwa — iqabunga eliyisicaba elikhulu elinephunga le-orchid elijulile. I-Hou Kui — “inkulu kunayo”; i-Yín Hóu — iminyene, inenyama, “iyigwegwe”.

* **Huiming Cha ([惠明茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/huimingcha)):** Okanye naye edolobheni laseLishui. Imiqumbe emhlophe qwa, iphunga le-orchid ne-fruity. I-Huiming Cha — “imhlophe” futhi ineziqhamo; i-Yín Hóu — “isiliva” futhi ine-chestnut kakhulu.

* **Xi Hu Longjing ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xihu-longjing)):** Isicaba, ubhontshisi one-chestnut. I-Longjing — icwebezele futhi iyisicaba; i-Yín Hóu — isonteke ngokugqamile. Ifilosofi ezahlukene zesimo, kodwa zombili zivela e-Zhejiang.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu — itiye elinobuntu. “Izinzipho zenkawu yesiliva” yayo, ubumnandi obubuyayo ngokushesha, iphunga le-chestnut elinothi “elibandayo” lasezintabeni kanye nesikhundla “setiye loMkhandlu Wezwe” — konke lokhu kwakha umfanekiso wetiye elingathambekele emathuneni aphakathi nendawo nasekuhlonipheni: lishaya ngqo, ligqamile futhi linamandla, “njengenkawu” egeqe egatsheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho — amaphesenti ama-93 ehlathi elizungezile, izinsuku zenkungu ezingama-200 ngonyaka kanye nesiko leminyaka eyinkulungwane, elahlatshelelwa umxhwele ngu-Su Dongpo. Kulabo abafuna itiye eliluhlaza elinomphumela “osheshayo” — ubusha, ubumnandi, ugqozi lapha futhi manje — i-Sōngyáng Yín Hóu idalelwe lokho kanye.