---
title: "Sōngyáng xiāngchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/songyang-xiangcha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Sōngyáng xiāngchá (松阳香茶)

**I-Songyang Xiangcha** (*Sōngyáng xiāngchá*, 松阳香茶) — «itiye elinephunga elimnandi» lesifunda saseSongyang (松阳县) ngaphansi kwedolobha laseLishui eningizimu-ntshonalanga yesifundazwe saseZhejiang. Lona itiye eliluhlaza elisetshenziswa kakhulu elisontwe ngokuqondile futhi lagxishwa ngokuthoswa. Imibhalo yesifunda ikhuphula ubuchwepheshe balo ematiyeni athosiwe ayenziwa lapha kusukela ngesikhathi saseTang, futhi iyichaza kafushane ngokuthi: iphunga elimnandi eliphakeme, ukunambitheka okugcwele. I-Xiangcha ingenye yezimpawu ezimbili zesifunda zesifunda eceleni kwe-Songyang Yinhou edumile; ngokwemininingwane yeziphathimandla zaseLishui, ithengiswa ezifundazweni nasemadolobheni angaphezu kwamashumi amabili, kanti eSongyang uqobo kunemakethe abezindaba abayibiza ngokuthi imakethe enkulu kunazo zonke yetiye eliluhlaza eChina.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elingavutshelwe. Isimo — ukusonteka okuqondile kokugxishwa ngokuthoswa: 条形炒青 (*tiáoxíng chǎoqīng*).
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lesimanje lesifunda saseZhejiang; uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo (2015).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseZhejiang (浙江, *Zhèjiāng*), idolobha laseLishui (丽水, *Lìshuǐ*), isifunda saseSongyang (松阳县, *Sōngyáng Xiàn*).
* **Indawo:** Isizinda sezimpawu zesifundazwe sibiza isifunda saseSongyang njengendawo yomnikazi wophawu; umngcele oqondile wendawo awukho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Cishe u-28.5° enyakatho kanye no-119.5° empumalanga.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Izwe lasendulo letiye.** Ngokwemibhalo yeziphathimandla zaseLishui kanye nomnyango wezolimo wesifunda, itiye eSongyang laqala ukutshalwa ngesikhathi seNkathi Yemibuso Emithathu. Kuthiwa futhi ukuthi ngesikhathi saseTang umfundisi wamaDao u-Ye Fashan (叶法善) wenza lapha itiye elalibizwa ngokuthi «itiye lokungafi lentaba yaseMaoshan» (卯山仙茶), — «elisesimweni seqabunga likanqumbisa, liluhlaza okumnyama, linomhluzo ocacile kanye nokunambitheka okuthambile», — nokuthi leli tiye lalithunyelwa enkantolo. Imibhalo yaleyo nkathi ayikho emithonjeni etholakele; lokhu kuyisiko lesifunda.
    * **Amatiye endawo aseTang.** Imithombo efanayo ibiza amatiye adumile endawo enkathini yeTang ngokuthi i-Hengshan Cha (横山茶) ne-Xiajie Cha (下街茶). I-Xiangcha, ngokwamazwi abo, idalwe ngesisekelo samasu abo okuthosa.
    * **1929.** Itiye laseSongyang lathola umklomelo wokuqala embukisweni wokuqala waseWest Lake (西湖博览会) e-Hangzhou.
    * **2014–2015.** Ngomhla ka-3 Juni 2014 inhlangano yemboni yetiye yesifunda saseSongyang (松阳县茶叶产业协会) yafaka isicelo sophawu lwesitifiketi sendawo «松阳香茶», ngomhla ka-14 Juni 2015 uphawu lwabhaliswa — ekubhalisweni okubili, inombolo 14577182 kanye no-14577183, isigaba 30. Emaphawini, ngokwemininingwane yesizinda sesifundazwe, kuvunyelwe izinkampani eziyishumi.
    * **Namuhla.** Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda ka-2022, eSongyang kukhona cishe ama-mu ayizinkulungwane eziyi-153 ezingadi zetiye zemvelo, futhi wonke uchungechunge lwemboni yetiye lunikeza ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-13 zama-yuan ngonyaka. Isifunda sibalwa phakathi kwezifunda eziyishumi ezihamba phambili zemboni yetiye eChina (全国茶业发展十强县).
    * Unyaka lapho i-xiangcha uqobo yavela khona awushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Igama:**
    * «Songyang» (松阳) — yigama lesifunda; ngokwezwi nezwi «uphayini» kanye «nomthambeka onelanga».
    * «Xiangcha» (香茶, *xiāngchá*) — «itiye elinephunga elimnandi». Igama ligcizelela okubalulekile: leli tiye laziswa ngephunga nokunambitheka kwalo.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** ISongyang inezimpawu ezimbili zesifunda. I-Songyang Yinhou itiye elidumile elinoboya obusiliva; i-xiangcha itiye elisetshenziswa nsuku zonke elisakazwa ezweni lonke. Ngokomnyango wezolimo wesifunda, embonini yetiye kuqashwe cishe u-40 % wezakhamuzi zesifunda, kanti uhhafu wemali engenayo yabalimi uvela etiyeni.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Uhlobo / I-cultivar:** Iziphi izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa ngokuqondile kwi-xiangcha, akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele. Ngokwemininingwane yeziphathimandla zaseLishui, esifundeni kutshalwa i-Huangjinya (黄金芽, *huángjīnyá*), i-Zijuan (紫鹃, *zǐjuān*), i-Anji Baicha ([安吉白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anji-baicha), *Ānjí báichá*), i-Longjing 43 (龙井43, *Lóngjǐng 43*) kanye ne-Wuniu Zao ([乌牛早](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuniu-zao), *wūniúzǎo*).
* **Ukuvuna:** Izikhathi zokuvuna azikashiwongo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe:** Imvelaphi evela esifundeni saseSongyang kanye nokuvunyelwa komkhiqizi uphawini.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** ISongyang ilele ezintabeni zaseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZhejiang. Ngokwencazelo yeziphathimandla zaseLishui, isifunda sizungezwe izintaba futhi sinqanyulwa imifudlana, isimo sezulu simnene, imvula iningi. Izingadi zetiye zihamba ngezigodi nasemithambekeni — kusuka lapha isiqubulo sesifunda esithi «ikhulu lamakhilomitha omuzi — ikhulu lamakhilomitha etiye» (百里乡村百里茶).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshalwa:** Imininingwane ye-xiangcha ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Inhlabathi:** Kulezo zincazelo ezifanayo — ivundile, inongqimba olujulile, lucebile ngezinto eziphilayo. Uhlobo oluqondile lomhlabathi alukho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Isimo sezulu se-subtropical monsoon seningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZhejiang. Ukuminyana kwehlathi lesifunda, ngokomnyango wezolimo wesifunda, kungaphezu kuka-80 %.
* **Itiye le-organic:** Isifunda sizikhangisa ngokuthi «izwe letiye le-organic laseChina» (中国[有机茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/youji-cha)乡). Izingadi ze-organic, kuhlanganise nezesikhashana, ngokwemininingwane yeziphathimandla zaseLishui ka-2025, zicishe zibe ngu-4700 mu — ingxenye encane yazo zonke izingadi zesifunda.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe ngokombhalo wophawu abukho emithonjeni etholakele. Incazelo yesibili isho into eyodwa: iqabunga liyasontwa ukuze ijusi liphume kalula emhluzweni. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye eliluhlaza lokugxishwa ngokuthoswa lulolu:

* **Ukuhlukaniswa kweqabunga elisha (摊放 — *tānfàng*):** Iqabunga lilahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama.
* **Ukugxisha (杀青 — *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
* **Ukusonteka (揉捻 — *róuniǎn*):** Iqabunga lithola isimo sokusonteka okuqondile.
* **Ukomisa (干燥 — *gānzào*).**

Lolu uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe be-xiangcha. Amazinga okushisa nobude besikhathi baleli tiye abekho emithonjeni etholakele.

**6. Izici Zesitho:**

Amafomula amafushane emithonjeni ayahluka. Imibhalo yeziphathimandla zaseLishui ithi nge-xiangcha «香高味浓» — iphunga elimnandi eliphakeme, ukunambitheka okugcwele. Ubuholi besifunda engxoxweni, bekhuluma ngetiye laseSongyang jikelele, busho elinye ifomula — «色绿、条紧、香高、味醇»: umbala oluhlaza, ukusonteka okuqinile, iphunga elimnandi eliphakeme, ukunambitheka okuthambile.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ukusonteka okuqondile okuqinile kombala oluhlaza (条紧、色绿) — ngokwefomula yobuholi besifunda.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lomhluzo:** Eliphakeme (香高).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okugcwele (味浓) — ngokwemibhalo yeziphathimandla zaseLishui; okuthambile (味醇) — ngokwefomula yobuholi besifunda.
* **Umbala womhluzo:** Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe):** Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

Izincazelo ezinemininingwane ethe xaxa zokubukeka — ezinephunga le-chestnut — zitholakala ekulandiseni kwesibili; azizange ziqinisekiswe ngomthombo wokuqala.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwe-songyang xiangcha ngokuqondile akukho emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngokusebenza kwaleli tiye ngokuqondile ayikho.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 85–90 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi ekhanyayo noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Shisisa isitsha.
    2. Faka itiye.
    3. Thela amanzi amancane, vumela iqabunga livuleke imizuzwana engama-20–30.
    4. Thela amanzi engeziwe; umhluzo wokuqala — imizuzu eyi-1–2.
    5. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yomhluzo.
    6. Ukuphindisela kabili noma kathathu ngokukhuphuka okuncane kwesikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, kude nokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga. Itiye eliluhlaza liphuzwa liselisha, ukuguga akudingeki kulo.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhohlisi:**

Amanani okudayisa awekho emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Uzivika kanjani emikhohlisini:**
    * Bheka uphawu «松阳香茶» ephaketheni kanye nomkhiqizi ophakathi kwabavunyelwe uphawini.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni saseSongyang.
    * Iqabunga kufanele libe ukusonteka okuqondile okuqinile, iphunga — libe phezulu.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* ESongyang kusebenza imakethe yetiye yaseNingizimu yeZhejiang (浙南茶叶市场). Abezindaba bayibiza ngokuthi imakethe enkulu kunazo zonke yetiye eliluhlaza eChina, lapha kushicilelwa inkomba kazwelonke yamanani etiye eliluhlaza. Imakethe inezigaba eziyisithupha — i-maofeng, i-xiangcha, itiye eliyisicaba, i-biluochun, elibomvu kanye nelezimbali, — izitolo ezingama-306 kanye nezindawo zokuhweba ezingaba yizinkulungwane eziyishumi. Ngokwabezindaba, ngo-2022 emakethe kwadlula amathani angu-81.7 ezinkulungwane etiye.
* Itiye laseSongyang lathola umklomelo wokuqala embukisweni waseWest Lake ka-1929.
* Uphawu «松阳香茶» lubhaliswe ngokusemthethweni ngaphansi kwezinombolo ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa.
* I-Xiangcha ithengiswa ezifundazweni nasemadolobheni angaphezu kwamashumi amabili eChina.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:**

* **I-Songyang Yinhou ([松阳银猴](https://thetea.app/zu/article/songyang-yin-hou)):** Itiye elidumile lesifunda esifanayo — elisontwe, eliqinile, lonke linoboya obusiliva. I-Xiangcha ukusonteka okuqondile netiye elisetshenziswa nsuku zonke.
* **I-Xihu Longjing ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xihu-longjing)):** Itiye eliyisicaba laseHangzhou, elilokuqala ohlwini lwamatiye adumile aseChina. I-xiangcha inesimo esihlukile — ukusonteka okuqondile — kanye nendima ehlukile.
* **I-Pingshui Zhucha ([平水珠茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/pingshui-zhucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseZhejiang, eligoqwe laba amabhola, elaziwa emhlabeni njenge-«gunpowder». Nalo itiye elisetshenziswa kakhulu, kodwa linesimo esihlukile.
* **I-Meicha ([眉茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meicha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza eliqondile «le-s eyebrow» lokugxishwa ngokuthoswa, itiye eliluhlaza elihamba phambili lokuthumela kwamanye amazwe eChina. Isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu se-xiangcha ngesimo.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Songyang Xiangcha itiye eliluhlaza elisebenzayo lesifunda esikhulu setiye: ukusonteka okuqondile okuqinile, iphunga elimnandi eliphakeme, ukunambitheka okugcwele. Isifunda siyixhumanisa nesiko le-tang letiye elithosiwe, sinephawu layo kusukela ngo-2015 futhi iyithengisa ezweni lonke ngemakethe yayo — ngokwamazwi abezindaba, imakethe enkulu kunazo zonke yetiye eliluhlaza eChina.