---
title: "Sōngxī lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/songxi-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Sōngxī lǜchá (松溪绿茶)

**I-Songxi Lücha** (*Sōngxī lǜchá*, 松溪绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseSongxi (松溪县) esifundeni sikaMasipala waseNanping enyakatho yesifundazwe saseFujian, eningizimu yeentaba zeWuyishan nasemthonjeni womfula iMinjiang. Ngokwesizindalwazi sezimpawu zendawo, amabhrendi etiye alesi sifunda aqala ngetiye eliluhlaza: uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwe-«松溪绿茶» lwabhaliswa ngomhla ka-28 Meyi 2009, amabhrendi abomvu namhlophe afika kamuva, kwathi ngo-2020 igama langena ohlwini lokuqala lwesivumelwano seChina ne-European Union ngezimpawu zendawo. Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa uphawu luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezine zeqabunga — i-bud shape, i-flat shape, i-curved shape, ne-strip shape.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Ikilasi liboniswe egameni lophawu ngokwalo — «松溪绿茶;SONG XI GREEN TEA» — kanye nakwimfihlo enikezwe i-European Union.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza laseFujian elinophawu lwendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseFujian (福建, *Fújiàn*), umasipala waseNanping (南平, *Nánpíng*), isifunda saseSongxi (松溪县, *Sōngxī xiàn*).
* **Indawo:** Imfihlo ye-European Union ibala izigodi namadolobhana ayisishiyagalolunye esifunda: Songyuan (松源镇), Weitian (渭田镇), Zhengdun (郑墩镇), Hedong (河东乡), Jiuxian (旧县乡), Xidong (溪东乡), Huaqiao, Zudun (祖墩乡) kanye neChaping (茶平乡).
* **Uhlelo lokuvikela:** Uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwendawo lwe-China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) No. 6534378, umkhiqizo — itiye. Umnikazi ngokohlu lwesifundazwe lwamhla zingama-30 Juni 2026 — i-Songxi County Tea Industry Development Centre (松溪县茶业发展中心), ukubhaliswa kusasebenza; kwa-Ministry of Commerce ummangali uboniswa njenge-Songxi County Tea Management General Station, isiteshi esiyinhloko sokuphatha itiye lesifunda. E-European Union igama livikelwa njenge-protected geographical indication (PGI), inombolo yedosi PGI-CN-2691.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Ngokwemfihlo — phakathi kuka-27°24' no-27°51' ukuya enyakatho kanye naphakathi kuka-118°33' no-118°55' ukuya empumalanga.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Indlela endala yetiye.** I-«Fujian Ribao» (2022) ithi endulo i-Songxi yayiwumzila omkhulu wamanzi we-«北茶入闽» — itiye elisuka enyakatho liya eFujian; iphephandaba alinikezi izinsuku.
    * **Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960.** Ngokwesikhungo sokuthuthukisa itiye sesifunda («Chaye Zhoukan», 2023), umkhiqizo oyinhloko we-Songxi wawushintshana phakathi kwetiye eliluhlaza, itiye le-jasmine, netiye elibomvu.
    * **Ama-1980.** Isivuno nekhwalithi yetiye lase-Songxi kwafinyelela phakathi kwezihamba phambili esifundazweni, futhi isifunda sabizwa nge-«茶叶状元县» (*cháyè zhuàngyuán xiàn*), «isifunda sokuqala ngetiye». Ngokwe-«Fujian Ribao» (2022), ngaleso sikhathi kwavela isisho esithi «eningizimu kukhona i-Anxi, enyakatho kukhona i-Songxi» (南有安溪、北有松溪). Kubhekiswa etiyeni lesifunda jikelele.
    * **2009.** Ngomhla ka-28 Meyi kwabhaliswa uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwe-«松溪绿茶», No. 6534378. Isizindalwazi sezimpawu zendawo (2020) sithi lolu phawu lokuqala eFujian lwesizwe salolu hlobo etiyeni eliluhlaza.
    * **2018–2019.** Ngokwesizindalwazi esifanayo, inani lebhrendi lalingu-2.262 billion RMB ngo-2018 kwathi ngo-2019 laba ngu-2.537 billion RMB. Isizindalwazi sibuye sikhulume ngesiqu se-«China Famous Trademark»; sona isinqumo angizange ngisibone.
    * **2020.** Ngokwesizindalwazi (Agasti), i-«松溪绿茶» yangena ohlwini lokuqala lwesivumelwano se-China–EU kanye namanye amatiye angama-27 aseChina; kwa-Ministry of Commerce ingeleishumi nanye esigabeni setiye se-Annex III. Isizindalwazi esifanayo sithi ukuhlolwa kwaphumelela nakumazinga eqembu e-«地理标志证明商标 松溪绿茶»; isizindalwazi asisho unyaka.
* **Igama:** «Songxi» (松溪) yigama lesifunda: 松 — «uphayini», 溪 — «umfudlana». «Lücha» (绿茶) — «itiye eliluhlaza».
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Isifunda sinezimpawu ezintathu zetiye zamakilasi amathathu; ngokohlu lwesifundazwe, oluhlaza lwabhaliswa ngo-2009, olubomvu ngo-2013, olumhlophe ngo-2022. Isizindalwazi (2020) sithi amabhrendi abomvu namhlophe isifunda siwakhulise «ngokwesisekelo» sempumelelo yohlaza.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **I-Cultivar:** Imithombo ayisho izinhlobo zetiye eliluhlaza. I-cultivar eyinhloko yendawo yesifunda — i-九龙大白茶 (*jiǔlóng dàbáichá*); i-«Fujian Ribao» (2022) ithi phambilini kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza itiye eliluhlaza nelibomvu. Ukuthi namuhla isetshenziswa etiyeni elingaphansi kophawu, akushiwongo.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Ngokwesizindalwazi sezimpawu zendawo, iqabunga elisha lihlala litheke isikhathi eside (持嫩性好) futhi licebile ezintweni zangaphakathi (内含物丰富). I-bud shape, ngokwemfihlo, — amabhudi awodwa.
* **Izinga nesikhathi sokuvuna:** Azikho izidingo eziqondile emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Imithombo yomfula iMinjiang eningizimu yeentaba zeWuyishan. Imfihlo ikhuluma ngendawo ephakeme, kodwa ayizisho izindawo eziphakeme.
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical monsoon. Isamba sonyaka samazinga okushisa — 6250 °C, isamba samazinga okushisa asebenzayo ngaphezu kuka-10 °C — 5542 °C, imvula yonyaka ephakathi — 1753 mm, umswakama ophakathi — cishe 80 %. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi imfihlo ilinikeza njengenyanga ephakathi — 18 °C.
* **Inhlabathi:** Kakhulu inhlabathi ebomvu ene-pH 4.5–5.5 kanye nokuqukethwe kwezinto eziphilayo 1–3 %. Ungqimba lwenhlabathi lujulile, ngokwesilinganiso lungaphezu kwemitha.
* **Ihlathi nokukhanya:** Ukuminyana kwehlathi — 75.7 %; izintaba, amafu nenkungu kunikeza ukukhanya okuhlakazekile, okwenza, ngokwemfihlo, ukuthi iqabunga lihlale litheke isikhathi eside.
* **Isilinganiso:** Ngokwe-«Chaye Zhoukan» (2023), izingadi zetiye zesifunda zithatha izi-82,000 mu, isifunda esikhulu setiye — idolobhana laseChaping; isabelo setiye eliluhlaza asishiwongo.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe be-«松溪绿茶» abuchazwanga yimfihlo noma eminye imithombo etholakele. Izinhlobo ezine zeqabunga zisho izindlela ezahlukene zokunikeza isimo, kodwa ukuthi yiziphi, akushiwongo.

Ngezansi — uhlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye eliluhlaza, hhayi incazelo yaleli tiye uqobo:

1.  **Ukuphumula kweqabunga elisha (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Iqabunga liyendlalwa ngongqimba oluncane ukuze likhulule ingxenye yomswakama.
2.  **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa uketshezi futhi kugcina umbala oluhlaza.
3.  **Ukunikeza isimo:** Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*) kwezimo ezisontekile; kwe-flat ne-bud — ezinye izindlela.
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*).**

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Izici ezijwayelekile zinikezwe ngokwemfihlo ye-European Union nangesizindalwazi sezimpawu zendawo.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Isimo esihle, siluhlaza futhi sikhazimula (外形秀美，色泽绿润). Izinhlobo ezine zichazwe ngezansi.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Liphakeme, lihelezayo futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (香气高爽持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kugcwele, kuminyene (滋味浓厚); itiye limelana nokugcwaliswa kaningi (耐冲泡).
* **Umbala wokumnika:** Uphuzi-luhlaza, ukhanya (汤色黄绿明亮).
* **Amabheji etiye (iqabunga elikahleni):** Linamaqatha futhi litheke (叶底肥嫩); ngokwemfihlo, iqabunga livuleka kahle ngemva kokuphuzwa.

Izinhlobo ezine ngokwemfihlo (umbhalo wesiNgisi, ukuhumusha kwami):

* **I-bud shape:** Amabhudi awodwa agcina isimo sawo semvelo, agcwele futhi aqondile, asiliva-mhlophe nohlaza. Iphunga lisha futhi linephunga elimnandi, ukumnika kubusika-luhlaza, ukunambitheka kusha futhi kumnandi, amabheji agcwele, aluhlaza futhi akhanya.
* **I-flat (扁形):** Iqabunga eliyisicaba eliqondile elibushelelezi nelilinganayo, lisiliva-mpunga nohlaza oluvelayo. Ukunambitheka kugcwele, ukumnika kukhanya, amabheji alinganayo, aluhlaza futhi akhanya.
* **I-curved (曲形):** Iqabunga elisontekile, lisiliva-mhlophe nohlaza oluvelayo. Iphunga lihlala isikhathi eside, ukumnika kuphuzi-luhlaza futhi kukhanya, ukunambitheka kusha, amabhudi emabheji avuleka «njengembali», aluhlaza okotshani.
* **I-strip (条形):** Ukusonteka okuqinile nokuqondile, kuluhlaza. Iphunga le-chestnut, ukumnika kuhlanzekile, ukunambitheka kusha, amabheji aluhlaza futhi akhanya, amabhudi alinganayo.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Azikho izilinganiso ze-physicochemical emithonjeni etholakele. Isizindalwazi sezimpawu zendawo sithi ngaphandle kwezinombolo ukuthi eqabungeni elisha kukhona ama-polyphenol amaningi, ama-amino acid, nezinto ezinuka kamnandi, futhi isilinganiso se-polyphenol nama-amino acid siphansi (酚氨比低).

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukuphuza:**

Umkhuba wekilasi wetiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yegilasi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukufudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngodonga.
    3. Ukumnika kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokumnika.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukugcwaliswa kabusha kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Ekupakisheni okuvaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhohlisi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ukuze ugweme imikhohlisi:**
    * Bheka uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwe-«松溪绿茶» No. 6534378; e-European Union — uphawu lwendawo evikelwe.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni saseSongxi; ukulawulwa, ngokwemfihlo, kwenziwa yisikhungo sokuhlola ikhwalithi yetiye sesifunda.
    * Qhathanisa ukubukeka nesimo esishiwo; incazelo evamile yophawu ithi ukumnika kuphuzi-luhlaza futhi kukhanya, kwi-bud shape kungubusika-luhlaza.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Uphawu olulodwa luvikela izinhlobo ezine ezahlukene zeqabunga, futhi imfihlo ichaza ngayinye ngokwehlukana.
* Ku-strip shape imfihlo iphawula iphunga le-chestnut — into engekho kwezinye ezintathu.
* I-«Fujian Ribao» (2025) ibhala ngenkampani eyasungulwa esifundeni ngo-2013 futhi ikakhulu ithumela ngaphandle itiye eliluhlaza: ilithengisa emazweni angaphezu kwama-20 ase-Afrika, phakathi kwabo iMali ne-Algeria. Ukuthi leli tiye lihamba ngaphansi kophawu lwe-«松溪绿茶», iphephandaba alisho.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aseSongxi naseFujian:**

* **I-Songxi Hongcha ([松溪红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/songxi-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda esifanayo ngaphansi kophawu oluhlukile.
* **I-Songxi Jiulong Dabaicha ([松溪九龙大白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/songxi-jiulong-dabaicha)):** Itiye elimhlophe lesifunda elivela ku-cultivar yendawo i-九龙大白茶.
* **I-Wuping Lücha ([武平绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuping-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentshonalanga yeFujian, nalo lisezinhlotsheni eziningana ngaphansi kophawu olulodwa.
* **I-Youxi Lücha ([尤溪绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/youxi-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseFujian lesifunda saseSanming.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Songxi Lücha itiye eliluhlaza lemithombo yomfula iMinjiang, elivela enhlabathini ebomvu, enkungwini nasezintabeni, ezingxenyeni ezintathu kwezine ezimbozwe ihlathi. Amabhrendi etiye esifunda aqala ngalo, futhi lalingelinye lamatiye okuqala aseChina ukuthola ukuvikelwa e-European Union. Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa kuhlala izinhlobo ezine — kusukela emabhudini asiliva kuya ekusontekeni okuqinile okunephunga le-chestnut, — kanti incazelo evamile yophawu inikeza ukumnika okuphuzi-luhlaza okukhanyayo nokunambitheka okugcwele.