---
title: "Sīnán yànchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/sinan-yancha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Sīnán yànchá (思南晏茶)

**Isinan Yancha** (*Sīnán yànchá*, 思南晏茶) yigama eliyisambulela letiye lesifunda saseSinan (思南县) ngaphansi kukamasipala wedolobha iTongren enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe saseGuizhou, ezintabeni zaseWuling emfuleni iWujiang. Leli gama livikelwe wuphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo: ngokwethebula elihlanganisiwe lokuphathwa kwempahla yobuhlakani yaseGuizhou, lamukelwa zingama-28 kuMfumfu 2018, umfakisicelo wumnyango wesifunda wezetiye nokufuywa kukasilika. Igama alilisho ikilasi, futhi umbiko kahulumeni waseTongren wango-2023 uhlukanisa ngokuqondile itiye lalolu phawu ngezigaba ezintathu — "elimhlophe," eliluhlaza kanye nelibomvu. Ukuthi usho ukuthini uhlamvu 晏 (*yàn*) egameni, imithombo etholakele ayikuchazi.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Awekho ikilasi elilodwa. Ngokombiko kahulumeni waseTongren, owashicilelwa kabusha yinkundla ye-"Renmin Wang" ngoNdasa 2023, itiye elingaphansi kwalolu phawu lihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: 白茶, 绿茶 kanye ne红茶. Ukuthi yini emele "白茶" — ingabe itiye elimhlophe ngokobuchwepheshe noma itiye eliluhlaza elivela enhlotsheni yamaqabunga akhanyayo, — akushiwongo embikweni. Isisekelo sedatha sezimpawu zezindawo sichaza ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngefomula yetiye eliluhlaza (isigaba 6), kodwa asisho ikilasi futhi asicacisi ukuthi incazelo ihambelana nasiphi isigaba kwezintathu. Engxenyeni eluhlaza kukhona indinganiso yeqembu T/GGI 026-2018 «思南晏茶 绿茶» yeGuizhou Society for the Study of Geographical Indications (贵州省地理标志研究会), eyashicilelwa ziyi-16 kuNcwaba 2018; ngokwesifinyezo sayo, isebenza etiyeni eliluhlaza ngaphansi kwaleli gama. Umbhalo wendinganiso angiwubonanga.
* **Isigaba:** Uphawu lomphakathi lwesifunda (公共品牌, *gōnggòng pǐnpái*) kanye nophawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo (地理证明商标, *dìlǐ zhèngmíng shāngbiāo*), 2018.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseGuizhou (贵州, *Guìzhōu*), umasipala wedolobha iTongren (铜仁, *Tóngrén*), isifunda saseSinan (思南, *Sīnán*).
* **Indawo yophawu:** Ngokwesisekelo sedatha — yonke indawo yokuphatha yamanje yesifunda (思南县现辖行政区域内). Irejista ikhombisa isifunda njengobunikazi bomnikazi wophawu; umbhalo wesitifiketi angiwubonanga futhi umngcele wezomthetho wendawo angiwuqinisekisanga.
* **Izixhumanisi zezindawo:** Isikhungo sesifunda — cishe u-27°57′ N no-108°15′ E. Ububanzi besifunda bungu-2231 km². Zombili izibalo — ngokwe-Wikipedia.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Amarekhodi amadala.** Umlando obhaliwe waleli tiye ngqo awukho emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **2018 — uphawu.** Ethebuleni elihlanganisiwe lezimpawu zokuhweba zezindawo zesifundazwe, elinamathiselwe esazisweni sokuphathwa kwempahla yobuhlakani yaseGuizhou sangomhla zingama-22 kuNcwaba 2022 (mayelana nezikhumbuzo zabanikazi bophawu zokuvuselela), "思南晏茶" lisohlwini lwesifunda saseTongren: umfakisicelo — 思南县茶桑局, usuku lokwamukelwa — 28 kuMfumfu 2018. Isisekelo sedatha sezimpawu zezindawo sinikeza inombolo yokubhalisa engu-23890216. Isaziso ngisifunde kushicilelo olwenziwe kabusha lwenkundla yasePanzhou mhla zingama-25 kuNcwaba 2022.
    * **2023 — uphawu.** Ngokombiko kahulumeni waseTongren, isifunda siqoqa amandla ezinhlangothi ezahlukene ngaphansi kophawu lomphakathi "思南晏茶"; uphawu lwaboniswa embukisweni we-V weChina wetiye (第五届中国茶叶博览会) kanye nasembukisweni we-13 wemboni yetiye yaseGuizhou. Kuyashiwo futhi ukuthi eSinan kwafika iqembu laseBrithani iSwire (太古) kanye ne-Unilever (联合利华), kanti itiye lendawo liya ngqo noma ngabalamuli eYurophu, eMelika naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
    * **2024.** Uhulumeni waseTongren ngoNhlolanja 2024 ubiza "思南晏茶" njengophawu lukahulumeni lwesitifiketi sezindawo, okuyilo isifunda esiqhubeka nokulithuthukisa, futhi ubika ukuthi eSinan kwakhiwe ingadi yetiye "ehlakaniphile" yokuqala esifundazweni kwinethiwekhi ye-5G.
* **Igama:** 思南 — igama lesifunda. Ngokwe-Wikipedia, ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwaMing lapha kwakukhona isikhungo sesifunda saseSinan (思南府), kanti isifunda ngaphansi kwegama laso lamanje sikhona kusukela ngo-1913. 晏 — ngokwesichazamazwi, "sekwephuzile," "kucacile, akunamafu," "kuthule, kunokuthula" (njengasenkulumeni 河清海晏), kanye nesibongo. Ukuthi iyiphi incazelo efakwe egameni letiye, imithombo ayisho, futhi angizimisele ukuyichaza. 茶 — "itiye."
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Umbiko wango-2023 ubiza itiye ngokuthi imboni "ekhethekile, eluhlaza, ecebisayo futhi eholayo" yesifunda ohlelweni lokuvuselela izindawo zasemakhaya.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuvuna kanye nezinga lokuvuna:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izikhathi:** Isisekelo sedatha sibika ukuthi umkhiqizo utholakala ukuthengiswa unyaka wonke, kusukela ngoMasingana kuya kuZibandlela. Lokhu kungolwazi mayelana nemakethe, hhayi mayelana nokuvuna.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Inyakatho-mpumalanga yeGuizhou. Ngokwe-Wikipedia, isifunda sisemzileni wezintaba zaseWuling (武陵山), entshonalanga yentaba iFanjingshan, futhi sinqanyulwa ngokwethemba umfula iWujiang (乌江).
* **Ububanzi bezingadi:** Ngokwemininingwane kahulumeni waseTongren (2024), izingadi zetiye eziphilayo esifundeni zingama-188.9 izinkulungwane zama-mu — cishe amahektha ayi-12.6. Inani elifanayo lanikezwa ngumbiko wango-2023.
* **Ukunakekelwa kwezingadi:** Ngokombiko wango-2023, ngosizo lobuchwepheshe lweGuizhou University, i-provincial academy yezolimo kanye ne-provincial tea institute, isifunda sibonisa ezindaweni zokuhlola ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kwengadi ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, izindlela zokungenisa amasosha omzimba (免疫诱抗, *miǎnyì yòukàng*) kanye nokuvikelwa ngezinto ezinemvelaphi yamaminerali (矿物源防治, *kuàngwùyuán fángzhì*).
* **Ukuphakama, isimo sezulu kanye nenhlabathi:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Abukho ubuchwepheshe obufanayo kusambulela: itiye eliluhlaza, elibomvu kanye "nelimhlophe" kwenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokombiko wango-2023, ukusetshenzwa okujulile kwenziwa yizinkampani ezihehwayo, ukukhiqizwa kubizwa ngokuthi "okuhlanzekile nokujwayelekile" (清洁化、标准化生产). Kuyashiwo futhi izitifiketi zamabhizinisi esifunda: angu-12 adlule isitifiketi se-SC, angu-5 afakwe kurejista yabathumeli ngaphandle, angu-4 anesitifiketi se-organic, angu-2 — isitifiketi se-Rainforest Alliance (雨林联盟).

Awekho amapharamitha obuchwepheshe emithonjeni etholakele. Ukuze uthole umhlahlandlela — izikimu ezijwayelekile zamakilasi, hhayi incazelo yaleli tiye:

1.  **Itiye eliluhlaza:** ukunwetshwa kweqabunga (摊放, *tānfàng*), ukumiswa (杀青, *shāqīng*), ukusontwa (揉捻, *róuniǎn*), ukomiswa (干燥, *gānzào*).
2.  **Itiye elibomvu:** ukubuna (萎凋, *wěidiāo*), ukusontwa, ukuvutshelwa (发酵, *fājiào*), ukomiswa.

**6. Izici Zokuzwa Ngomzimba:**

Isisekelo sedatha sezimpawu zezindawo sichaza ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngomugqa owodwa. Isimo kuso — seletiye eliluhlaza; ukuthi incazelo ihambelana nasiphi isigaba kwezintathu zophawu, akushiwongo.

* **Isimo seqabunga elomile:** Kuluhlaza okotshani okucwebezelayo, kunamafutha futhi kukhazimula, nokusontwa okuqinile (色泽翠绿油润，条索紧结).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile.
* **Iphunga lomhluzi:** Liphakeme futhi liqinile (香高持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kuthambile, kusha futhi kuvuselelayo, nokunambitheka okumnandi ngemva (味醇鲜爽，回味甘甜); itiye limelana nokuthelwa okuningi (耐冲泡).
* **Umbala womhluzi:** Uluhlaza futhi ukhanya. Kusisekelo kuthiwa "汤录明亮" — ngokwencazelo lokhu kuyiphutha lokubhala elithi "汤绿明亮."
* **Iqabunga ngemva kokusetshenziswa:** Lilingana, lithambile futhi likhanya ngokuluhlaza (叶底匀齐，嫩绿明亮).

Etiyeni elibomvu kanye "nelimhlophe" lophawu azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Isisekelo sedatha sithi itiye licebile ngezinc ne-selenium (内含丰富锌硒元素), futhi lisibeka njengomkhiqizo ongenazo izinto eziyingozi (无公害). Umbiko wango-2023 uthi kunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid. Awekho kunoma yimuphi umthombo izinombolo, indlela kanye nesampula, ngakho lokhu kuyizimangalo, hhayi imininingwane yokuhlaziya.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngqo.

**9. Ukwenza Itiye:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Amapharamitha ancike ekutheni yiliphi itiye ngaphansi kwaleli gama elisesandleni.

* **Eliluhlaza:** 80–85 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ingilazi yeglasi noma i-gaiwan, ukuthelwa kokuqala ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60, ukuphinda kabili noma kathathu.
* **Elibomvu:** 90–95 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, i-gaiwan noma i-teapot ye-porcelain, ukuthelwa kokuqala cishe umzuzu, ukuphinda kaningana ngokwelula isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Itiye eliluhlaza — ephaketheni elivaliwe, efrijini ngo-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga, liphuzwe phakathi nonyaka. Elibomvu — endaweni eyomile emnyama ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, ephaketheni eliqinile, kude namaphunga.

**11. Intengo Nokomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ungakugwema kanjani ukukopela:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo «思南晏茶» (ngokwesisekelo sedatha — № 23890216).
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni saseSinan.
    * Buza ngekilasi: igama alilisho, futhi uphawu luhlanganisa izigaba ezintathu.
    * Khumbula ukuthi itiye eliluhlaza laseSinan lingathengiswa futhi ngaphansi kwegama lesifunda iFanjingshan Lü Cha: isifunda singaphakathi kwendawo yaso yokuvikelwa.

**12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:**

* Ethebuleni lesifundazwe lezimpawu zokuhweba zezindawo lika-2022 isifunda sinalo uphawu lwesibili — «思南黄牛», izinkomo eziphuzi zaseSinan (2010).
* ISinan ingaphakathi kwendawo yokuvikelwa kwetiye eliluhlaza lesifunda iFanjingshan Lü Cha kanye nezinye izifunda eziyisithupha zaseTongren — itiye lesifunda linamagama amabili avikelwe emazingeni ahlukene.
* Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda, ingadi yetiye yokuqala eGuizhou kwinethiwekhi ye-5G yakhiwe eSinan.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **Fanjingshan Lü Cha ([梵净山绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/fanjingshan-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseTongren; indawo yalo yokuvikelwa ihlanganisa iSinan phakathi kwezifunda eziyisikhombisa. Leli gama lisezingeni lesifunda, iSinan Yancha — lesifunda.
* **Fanjingshan Hong Cha ([梵净山红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/fanjingshan-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda esifanayo.
* **Fengang Xīn Xī Chá ([凤冈锌硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/fenggang-xin-xi-cha)):** Itiye lesifunda saseZunyi eline-zinc ne-selenium ngqo egameni; eSinān Yancha kushiwo kuphela encazelweni yesisekelo sedatha.
* **Enshi Secha ([恩施硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-xicha)):** Esinye isambulela phezu kwamakilasi amaningana — uphawu lwesifunda sesifundazwe saseHubei.

**Ekuphetheni:**

ISinan Yancha wuphawu lwesifunda, hhayi itiye elilodwa: uphawu lwezindawo lwango-2018 phezu kwetiye eliluhlaza, elibomvu kanye "nelimhlophe" lesifunda, lapho ngaphansi kwezingadi kukhona cishe ama-189 izinkulungwane zama-mu. Imibhalo ikhuluma kakhulu ngophawu, izitifiketi kanye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kunetiye ngokwalo, futhi okuwukuphela kwencazelo yesimo — itiye eliluhlaza elisontwe okuqinile nokunambitheka okumnandi ngemva — alihlobene nesigaba. Uma uthenga itiye ngaphansi kwaleli gama, kufanelekile ukuqala ngokubuza ukuthi liyiliphi ikilasi.