---
title: "Shítái xiāngyá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/shitai-xiangya
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Shítái xiāngyá (石台香芽)

**I-Shitai Xiangya** (*Shítái xiāngyá*, 石台香芽) — "amahlumela anephunga elimnandi aseShitai", itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni saseShitai (石台县) esifundeni sikaMasipala waseChizhou eningizimu yesifundazwe sase-Anhui. Isifunda sisentshonalanga yendawo enezintaba yaseWannan, kanti i-Shitai Xiangya wuphawu lomphakathi lwetiye eliluhlaza lalesi sifunda. Impahla eluhlaza — izinhlobo ze-zhuye, shucha zao kanye ne-Anhui No. 3; iqabunga ngemva kokubuna isikhathi eside liyaqondiswa futhi licindezelwe ngemishini. Igama livikelwe kusukela ngo-2011 ngophawu lwezolimo lwendawo, kusukela ngo-2025 — njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elingavutshelwanga. Incazelo yophawu lwezolimo ilibeka ngqo emabangeni etiye eliluhlaza ohlobo lwe-hongqing (烘青, *hōngqīng*) — ngokomiswa komoya oshisayo; uhlelo lwango-2025 — luhlaza: ukubuna, ukumisa, ukubunjwa, ukomiswa.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni leningizimu ye-Anhui; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Anhui (安徽, *Ānhuī*), isifunda sikaMasipala waseChizhou (池州, *Chízhōu*), isifunda saseShitai (石台, *Shítái*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Imizana engu-38 ezindaweni eziyisithupha zesifunda: i-Xianyu (仙寓镇), i-Qidu (七都镇), i-Hengdu (横渡镇), i-Dayan (大演乡), i-Renli (仁里镇) kanye ne-Dingxiang (丁香镇). Umfakisicelo — Inhlangano Yetiye yesifunda saseShitai.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 117°12′–117°59′ empumalanga kanye no-29°59′–30°24′ enyakatho.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Ubukhosi baseSong.** Incwadi yezinkomba zezindawo icaphuna i-"Wenxian Tongkao" (文献通考): emitiyeni angama-26 adumile ezwe lonke amabili — "i-Xianzhi" (仙芝) kanye "ne-Nenrui" (嫩蕊) — ayevela esifundeni saseShidai (石埭, igama lakudala laseShitai). I-Shitai Xiangya, ngokwaleyo nkomba, ithatha izakhiwo zempahla eluhlaza kanye nekhwalithi ye-"Nenrui".
    * **Ubukhosi baseMing.** Ngokwaleyo nkomba, umbhali wangeMing u-Zhang Xinghuan (张星焕) ku-"Wanyou Jiwen" (皖游记闻) wabhala ukuthi abantu bendawo babethatha itiye lentaba i-Xianyushan (仙寓山) njengeliyivelakancane futhi "elinezinhlanhla" (瑞茶), kanti imbongi u-Xu Wei (徐渭) ezinkondlweni yakhe yayibeka itiye laseShidai eduze neLongjing neHuqiu.
    * **13 Septemba 2011.** UMnyango Wezolimo we-PRC wabhalisa "石台香芽" njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onophawu lwendawo. Incazelo yophawu ibeka indawo yokutshala ku-2400 ha.
    * **2016.** Ngokwencazelo yenkomba, isifunda samukela itiye amazinga amabili esifunda — ngeqabunga elisha kanye nangokucubungula; izinombolo zawo nemibhalo yawo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **2024.** Ukuphathwa kokugadwa kwezimakethe kwaseChizhou embikweni kaJulayi kubala i-Shitai Xiangya phakathi kwemikhiqizo eyisikhombisa yezolimo yedolobha enophawu lwendawo.
    * **2025.** I-CNIPA ngomemezelo No. 632 wangomhla zi-9 kuJuni 2025 (owashicilelwa zingama-27 kuJuni) yaqaphela imikhiqizo engama-224 enophawu lwendawo; i-Shitai Xiangya ohlwini — ngenombolo 26. Ngokombiko wokuphatha kwaseChizhou (18 Juni 2025), kuleli qembu kwangena imikhiqizo eyisikhombisa yedolobha, kanti seyisonke eChizhou sekuyisishiyagalombili.
* **Igama:** 石台 — isifunda saseShitai, ngokwezwi nezwi "ipulatifomu lamatshe"; 香芽 — "amahlumela anephunga elimnandi".
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Uphawu lomphakathi lwetiye eliluhlaza lesifunda, abakhiqizi bendawo abasebenza ngalo.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nempahla Eluhlaza:**

* **Uhlobo / I-cultivar:** Ngokwezimfuneko zango-2025 — izinhlobo zama-clone ezisezingeni lesifundazwe nangaphezulu: i-zhuye (槠[叶种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu), *zhūyèzhǒng*), i-shucha zao (舒茶早, *Shūchá zǎo*), i-Anhui No. 3 (安徽3号) nezinye.
* **Ukutshala:** Umugqa owodwa — phakathi kwemigqa 150 cm, phakathi kwezihlahla 25–30 cm; imigqa emibili eminyene — imigqa ebanzi 150 cm, emincane 30 cm, phakathi kwezihlahla 30 cm. Kutshalwa ekupheleni kwekwindla nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
* **Ukunakekela:** Umquba — umquba wezilwane, amagciwane, organic kanye ne-organo-mineral; izinambuzane, izifo nokhula kucindezelwa ngenhlanganisela yezindlela zolimo, zebhayoloji, zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali.
* **Ukuvuna:** Ngokomgomo "wokuhlanganisa ukuvuna nokushiya iqabunga, kubhekwe kokubili ubuningi nekhwalithi": ngamaqembu, ngesikhathi, ngokwezinga. Izikhathi zokuvuna azikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Imininingwane ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Ingxenye esentshonalanga yendawo enezintaba yaseWannan (皖南山区) eningizimu ye-Anhui.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** **300–1000 m**, amagquma kanye nezintaba eziphakathi nendawo neziphansi — ngokwencazelo yenkomba. Izimfuneko zango-2025 azikusho ukuphakama.
* **Indawo kanye nezitshalo:** Ngokwencazelo yenkomba, izitshalo zimboza okungenani u-80 % wendawo (enye incazelo ibeka ukuminyana kwehlathi lendawo yetiye ku-80,9 %), kanti imvelo kufanele ihlangabezane nezimo zezingadi zetiye eziphilayo.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwezimfuneko zango-2025 — ukujula kongqimba olusebenzayo kungaphezu kuka-70 cm, ngaphandle kwezingqimba eziminyene kuphrofayili, ngomsebenzi omkhulu webhayoloji kanye nokuqukethwe okungaphansi kwesilinganiso se-organic, i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Izincazelo zenkomba ziyacacisa: i-loam, i-loam elula kanye ne-sandy loam; inhlabathi ebomvu nephuzi, kusuka ku-acidic kuya ku-weakly acidic, i-pH 5,5–6,8, nokuqukethwe okulingene kwe-organic.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwencazelo yenkomba — isimo sezulu se-monsoon emngceleni osenyakatho we-subtropics: ukushintsha okucacile kwezinkathi zonyaka, imvula eningi, umehluko omkhulu wokushisa phakathi kosuku nobusuku kanye nosuku olufushane lwelanga.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izimfuneko zango-2025 zibeka uhlelo lwemisebenzi eyisishiyagalolunye; izindlela zokusebenza zibizwa kuphela ngokubuna nokubunjwa.

1.  **Iqabunga elisha (鲜叶, *xiānyè*).**
2.  **Ukubuna (摊青, *tānqīng*):** Iqabunga linwetshwa amahora angu-6–8.
3.  **Ukumisa (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
4.  **Ukuphola (摊凉, *tānliáng*).**
5.  **Ukubunjwa (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Ngemishini — eyiqondisayo (理条机) kanye neyokugcina (辉干机); izindlela — ukuqondisa (理条, *lǐtiáo*), ukucindezela (加压, *jiāyā*) kanye nokugcina ebhodweni (辉锅, *huīguō*). Kusuka lapha iqabunga eliqondile eliminyene.
6.  **Ukuphola (摊凉, *tānliáng*).**
7.  **Ukomiswa (烘干, *hōnggān*).**
8.  **Ukuhlukanisa (拣剔, *jiǎntī*).**
9.  **Ukupakishwa.**

Amazinga okushisa nobude bokumisa nokomisa awakho emithonjeni etholakele.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Incazelo — ngokwezimfuneko zango-2025.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Liminyene, liqondile futhi lilingana; amahlumela aqinile, anoboya obubonakalayo; umbala uluhlaza okotshani ocwebezelayo (外形紧直匀整、芽壮显毫、色泽翠绿). Ingosi yezolimo ibhala "liminyene, licijile, lilingana" (紧细匀整) — esikhundleni sika-"liqondile" kuyo kuthiwa "licijile".
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Limnene, liphakeme futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (嫩香高长).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kuthambile, kuvumelana, kusha futhi kuvuselelayo (滋味醇和鲜爽).
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Uluhlaza omnene, obala (汤色嫩绿清澈).
* **Indebe yetiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe):** Luhlaza omnene, lilingana futhi licwebezela (叶底嫩绿匀亮).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izimfuneko ze-physico-chemical azikho embhalweni wango-2025; eminye imininingwane nayo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokuqondile ayikho.

**9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza; izincomo zalo uqobo azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi ekhanyelayo noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukumnika kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yotshwala.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuthela kabili noma kathathu okuphindwayo.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye Nomgunyathi:**

Imininingwane ngezintengo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Indlela yokugwema umgunyathi:**
    * Funani uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo. Ilungelo lalo liqinisekiswa yi-CNIPA ngokwesicelo ngokusebenzisa ihhovisi lempahla yobuhlakani yaseChizhou kanye nokuphatha kwesifundazwe sase-Anhui.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi itiye livela ezindaweni eziyisithupha ezibiziwe zesifunda saseShitai.
    * Ungalididanisi ne-Shitai Fuxi Cha (石台富硒茶) — itiye le-selenium lesifunda esifanayo: umkhiqizo ohlukile onokuvikelwa kwawo, ngokwenkomba ka-2024 amabhizinisi amathathu avunyelwe ukusebenzisa uphawu lwawo. Izimfuneko ze-Shitai Xiangya azikukhulumi i-selenium.
    * Iqabunga — liqondile, liminyene, luhlaza okotshani, linamahlumela anoboya; utshwala — buhlaza omnene futhi bubala. Iqabunga elifiphele, eliphukile noma eliphuzi alihambisani nencazelo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Esifundeni esisodwa kuhlala amagama amabili etiye avikelwe — i-Shitai Xiangya kanye ne-selenium i-Shitai Fuxi Cha.
* Eqenjini lika-2025 eduze ne-Shitai Xiangya kwaba namanye amatiye amabili esifunda esifanayo sikamasipala — i-Xiaokeng Lücha ne-Huangshi Xi Maofeng.
* Ngokwencwadi yezinkomba zezindawo, umbhali wangeMing u-Zhang Xinghuan wabhala ukuthi itiye lentaba i-Xianyushan ngenxa yombala walo oluhlaza noboya obumhlophe obubonakalayo lalibizwa "ngetiye elimhlophe" (白茶) — igama lesidlaliso ngokubukeka, hhayi isigaba.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye esifunda saseChizhou:**

* **I-Xiaokeng Lücha ([霄坑绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiaokeng-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lomuzi waseXiaokeng esifundeni saseGuichi; laqashelwa ngeqembu elifanayo lika-2025.
* **I-Huangshi Xi Maofeng ([黄石溪毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/huangshixi-maofeng)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lase-Jiuhuashan esifundeni saseQingyang; nalo lisuka eqenjini lika-2025.
* **I-Jiuhua Fo Cha ([九华佛茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jiuhua-fucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lomlando lentaba i-Jiuhuashan yesifunda esifanayo sikamasipala.
* **I-Dongzhi Yunjian ([东至云尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dongzhi-yunjian)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esingumakhelwane saseDongzhi.
* **I-Qimen Hong Cha ([祁门红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qimen-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu, endaweni yalo yomlando kubalwa nesifunda saseShitai.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Shitai Xiangya — itiye eliluhlaza leningizimu ye-Anhui: inkomba yophawu lwezolimo ilibuyisela ku-"Nenrui" yaseSong, kanti ukuvikelwa kwegama kuqala ngo-2011. Izimfuneko zango-2025 zilichaza ngokunembile — ukubuna isikhathi eside, ukuqondisa nokucindezela ngomshini, iqabunga eliqondile eliluhlaza okotshani elinamahlumela anoboya, iphunga elimnene eliphakeme kanye notshwala obala obuhlaza omnene.