---
title: "shílǐxiāng"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/shilixiang
lang: zu
updated: 2026-07-19
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# shílǐxiāng (十里香)

I-Shi Li Xiang (*shílǐxiāng*, 十里香) itiye eliluhlaza eliyivelakancane elivela emaphethelweni aseKunming, inhloko-dolobha yesifundazwe saseYunnan, igama laso ngokwezwi nezwi lisho ukuthi "iphunga elimnandi eliyi-*lǐ* eziyishumi". Phakathi kwamatiye ama-Yunnan anamandla amaqabunga amakhulu, leli tiye lihlukile: liyitiye elithambile elinamaqabunga amancane eligazingiwe (*chǎoqīng*, 炒青), eliqukethwe isisho sasedolobheni esithi "ukuphuza itiye — phuza i-Shi Li Xiang" (喝茶要喝十里香).

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶)
* **Isigaba:** amatiye aluhlaza "adumile nanye akhethiwe" (名优绿茶, *míngyōu lǜchá*); amaqoqo angcono kakhulu — asezingeni le-*míngqián* (明前)·名优
* **Imvelaphi:** i-Kunming (昆明), izindawo eziyingelezonke kanye namagquma aseduze kwalo muzi, ithafa lase-Yunnan-Guizhou, isifundazwe sase-Yunnan
* **Isimo:** into eyivelakancane yesifunda sase-Yunnan, hhayi itiye eliwumkhiqizo wesisindo
* **Umongo we-terroir:** ngokungafani nezifunda ezidumile zamatiye zase-Yunnan entshonalanga naseningizimu yesifundazwe — iLincang, iBaoshan, iPu'er — lapho kubusa khona uhlobo lwesihlahla setiye olunamaqabunga amakhulu, i-Kunming isendaweni ephakeme ethafeni, inesimo sezulu esipholile nesilinganayo "sasentwasahlobo ingunaphakade". Lesimo sezulu esisesilinganisweni sasendaweni ephakeme sakha lapha uhlobo lwetiye oluhlukile: olunamaqabunga amancane, olunephunga elimnandi, olusondelene kakhulu ngesimilo samatiye asempumalanga yeChina kunakumatiye a-Yunnan agcwele "i-dianlü"
* **Itiye lasemadolobheni:** I-Shi Li Xiang ngokomlando bekuyitiye lase-Kunming "lasedolobheni" — lelo elaliphuzwa ezindaweni zokuchitha itiye futhi linikezwe izivakashi, lihlobene kakhulu nendlela yokuphila yase-Kunming yakudala. Njengoba idolobha likhula, amasimu etiye abe ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokwakhiwa, futhi namuhla i-Shi Li Xiang iyivelakancane kakhulu

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **"Itiye lasendulo elidumile lase-Kunming"** (昆明古名茶): ikhodi yamasiko yetiye iqukethwe esishweni esithi "喝茶要喝十里香" — "ukuphuza itiye — phuza ishi Li Xiang". La mazwi akhombisa ukuthi kubahlali base-Kunming yakudala leli tiye laliyindinganiso yokunambitheka kwendawo, ingcebo yedolobha labo, kanti iphunga lalo elimnandi — yilona silinganiso ababehlulela ngalo itiye elihle.
* **Incazelo yegama:** "iphunga elimnandi eliyi-*lǐ* eziyishumi" (十里香) — lokhu ihaba lamakha etiye: iphunga linamandla futhi lihlanzekile kangangokuthi lisakazeka libanga elingamakhilomitha amaningi. Amagama "ep hunga" afana nalawa ngokwesiko letiye laseShayina njalo akhombisa ukuthi itiye lalaziswa ngokukhethekile ngenxa yephunga lalo elimnandi.
* **Isimo esibuhlungu sokuba yivelakancane:** ngoba lihlobene nezindawo eziyingelezonke zedolobha elikhulayo, i-Shi Li Xiang yaminwe ukukhula kwamadolobha: amasimu etiye ashintshwa yizakhiwo, futhi itiye ngokwalo laphenduka isiphuzo sase-Kunming sansuku zonke saba yinto eyivelakancane, abambalwa abayaziyo namuhla. Yilokho okulenza libaluleke nakakhulu njengesikhumbuzo esiphilayo sokuthi i-Yunnan — akuwona nje amaqabunga amakhulu e-pu'er, kodwa futhi namatiye aluhlaza amancane amahle asethafeni.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo/I-cultivar:** inani elikhulu lamaqabunga amancane lase-Kunming (昆明小叶[群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong), *kūnmíng xiǎoyè qúntǐzhǒng*) — uhlobo lwendawo lwembewu (lwenani elikhulu) oluneqabunga elincane
* **Umehluko nesifundazwe:** I-Yunnan emicabangweni yabaningi — izwe letiye elinamaqabunga amakhulu (云南大叶种), okwenziwa ngalo i-pu'er namatiye aluhlaza agxishiwe/omisiwe. I-Shi Li Xiang yona ingeyohlobo olunamaqabunga amancane oluyivelakancane esifundazweni. Umehluko ofanayo uyabonakala ngesibonelo senye into eyivelakancane yase-Yunnan — i-Bao Hong Cha ([宝洪茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/baohongcha)) yase-Yiliang (宜良), nayo enamaqabunga amancane futhi enamakha aphezulu.
* **Umphumela weqabunga elincane:** iqabunga elincane ethafeni elipholile linikeza iphunga elimnandi elintekenteke, "eliphezulu" kanye nenkomishi ecwengekile futhi engenalo ubugqinsi, kunamatiye amakhulu anamaqabunga amakhulu
* **«群体种» (inani elikhulu, uhlobo lwembewu):** lapha akukhulunywa nge-clone eyodwa, kodwa ngenani elikhulu lendawo elihlukene ngokwezakhi zofuzo, elikhethwe izizukulwane ngezizukulwane. Amanani amadala anjalo aziswa ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bephunga elimnandi nokuhlobana kwawo nendawo ethile — yiwona avame ukuba ngemuva "kwamatiye asendulo adumile" (古名茶), okuyiwo afaka phakathi ne-Shi Li Xiang.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Ezikhethekile Zokulima:**

* **I-Terroir:** I-Kunming ethafeni lase-Yunnan-Guizhou, ithafa eliphakeme elinesimo sezulu esipholile nesilinganayo "sasentwasahlobo ingunaphakade"
* **Ithonya lokuphakama:** isimo sezulu esisesilinganisweni sendawo ephakeme sakha uhlobo lwetiye olunamaqabunga amancane, olunephunga elimnandi, olusondelene kakhulu ngesimilo samatiye asempumalanga yeChina kunakumatiye a-Yunnan agcwele "i-dianlü"
* **Itiye lasedolobheni, lethafa:** ngokungafani nezifunda zamatiye zase-Yunnan zasentshonalanga/eningizimu

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

I-Shi Li Xiang — i-*chǎoqīng* (炒青), itiye eliluhlaza eligazingiwe ebhodweni ngendlela eligoqiwe/eliyimicu (条形). Ingqondo eyisisekelo yokukhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza lapha iyakudala:

* **Ukuhaqa.** I-Shi Li Xiang engcono kakhulu — itiye lesigaba se-*míngqián* (明前), eliqoqwe ngaphambi komkhosi we-Qingming, livela ezindlalekeni ezintsha ezithambile nasemacembeni entwasahlobo yokuqala. Lesi isigaba se-名优 — "elidumile nelikhethiwe".
* **Ukwenza kubune (摊放).** Ukubunisa iqabunga elisha ukuze kulahlekele umswakama kancane futhi kwembule iphunga elimnandi.
* **Ukuqinisa uhlaza (杀青).** Ukufudumeza ebhodweni, okuvimba i-oxidation ye-enzymatic futhi "kuqinise" iphrofayili eluhlaza. Ukushisisa ebhodweni, hhayi ukusebenzisa umusi noma ukomisa, kuyilo olwakha ithoni eyisipesheli ye-*chǎoqīng* yephunga elithosiwe nelinamantongomane.
* **Ukusonga (揉捻).** Ukwakheka kwesimo se-cuya seqabunga kanye nokubhidlizwa okuyingxenye kwamangqamuzana ukuze kutholakale ukukhishwa okuzayo kwe-infusion.
* **Ukomisa (干燥).** Ukuletha ezingeni lomswakama ozinzile kanye "nokuvuthwa" kwephunga elimnandi ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Umphumela — amaqabunga omile asesimweni semicu egoqiwe (条形), hhayi isicaba (njenge-longjing) futhi hhayi okwenaliti. Indlela ye-*chǎoqīng* ichaza negama: "iphunga elimnandi eliyi-*lǐ* eziyishumi" — lokhu kumayelana nephunga elimnandi eliphakeme, elizwakala kude, elilethwa ukugazingwa okuyimpumelelo kwebhodwe kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezinamaqabunga amancane.

**6. Izici Zokunambitha kanye Nephunga:**

* **Iphrofayili:** ivela ezingxenyeni ezintathu — iqabunga elincane, i-terroir yendawo ephakeme epholile nokugazingwa ebhodweni. Leli itiye elinephunga elimnandi elivelele, "eliphezulu" (kungakho negama), elinokunambitheka okusha, okuhlanzekile kanye nomzimba ocebile kakhulu kunamatiye aluhlaza ase-Yunnan anamaqabunga amakhulu.
* **Ukuqhathanisa:** uma kuqhathaniswa ne-dianlü (滇绿) egcwele, ebabayo kanye "nenamandla", i-Shi Li Xiang imnene, inephunga elimnandi futhi intekenteke
* **Isimo seqabunga elomile:** iqabunga eliyimicu (条形) eligoqiwe — hhayi isicaba se-longjing futhi hhayi okwenaliti
* **Iphunga:** elivelele, "elifinyelela kude", elithosiwe-nelinamakha — ngokuphambene ne-dianlü egcwele futhi ebabayo

**9. Ukwenza Itiye:**

Njengoba leli itiye eliluhlaza elintekenteke elinamaqabunga amancane, kufanele lenziwe ngokucophelela:

* **Izinga lokushisa:** hhayi amanzi abilayo, kodwa cishe 80–85 °C; amanzi abilayo ashisa kakhulu "azoshisa" izindlalekazi ezintsha futhi enze ukunambitheka kube ubugqinsi.
* **Izitsha:** ingilazi noma i-gaiwan, ukuze ubone ukuvuleka kweqabunga futhi ubambe nephunga elimnandi.
* **Isilinganiso nesikhathi:** iqabunga elincane, ukuthululwa okufushane; amatiye aluhlaza avela ezindlalekazini nasemacembeni athambile awathandi ukufakwa emanzini isikhathi eside kanye nokukhishwa ngokweqile.
* **Amanzi:** athambile, ahlanzekile — "awavali" amakha intekenteke.

Njengamatiye aluhlaza amaningi, i-Shi Li Xiang ivela kahle entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo; leli itiye "lesivuno samanje", eliphuzwa lisemusha, lahlonishwa ngokusha kwalo, hhayi ngokukhulupheka.

**11. Intengo kanye Nomgunyathi:**

* **Amazinga nesigaba:** I-Shi Li Xiang ingaphansi kwamatiye aluhlaza (绿茶) esigaba "sadumile nakhethiwe" (名优绿茶), namaqoqo angcono kakhulu asezingeni le-*míngqián*·名优. Ohlelweni lwezinkomba iqoshwa njengento eyivelakancane yesifunda sase-Yunnan, hhayi itiye eliwumkhiqizo wesisindo. Izinombolo zamazinga athile emboni (GB/T) aleli tiye lendawo encane azinikezwanga lapha — ukuze linganikezwanga izinombolo ezingaqinisekiswanga ngumthombo.
* **Izinkomba eziyinhloko zekhwalithi:** imvelaphi (i-Kunming), inani elikhulu lamaqabunga amancane lase-Kunming, ukuqogwa kwentwasahlobo yokuqala kanye nokugaywa (炒青) okwenziwe kwemicu.
* **Ungayihlukanisa kanjani i-Shi Li Xiang** (izimpawu eziyinhloko):
  * **Imvelaphi:** i-Kunming (昆明) ngokuqondile, hhayi izindawo zamatiye zase-Yunnan zasentshonalanga/eningizimu. Leli itiye lasedolobheni, lethafa.
  * **Uhlobo lwesihlahla:** inani elikhulu lamaqabunga amancane lase-Kunming (昆明小叶群体种) — hhayi i-云南大叶种 enamaqabunga amakhulu. Lokhu kukhipha i-Shi Li Xiang ngokushesha kumqondo "we-pu'er".
  * **Indlela:** 炒青, okuluhlaza okugazingiwe — okunenothi yephunga elimnandi elithosiwe, elinezithosiwe eziphawulekayo, lenziwe ukugazingwa kwebhodwe.
  * **Isimo:** iqabunga eliyimicu (条形) eligoqiwe, hhayi isicaba se-longjing futhi hhayi okwenaliti.
  * **Iphrofayili:** iphunga elimnandi elivelele, "elifinyelela kude" kanye nokunambitheka okusha, okuhlanzekile, okucebile ngokuqhathaniswa — ngokuphambene ne-dianlü egcwele futhi ebabayo.
  * **Omakhelwane ngokomqondo:** ngokwengqondo, beka eduze i-Bao Hong Cha yase-Yiliang (宝洪茶) yase-Yiliang — elinye itiye lase-Yunnan eliluhlaza elinamaqabunga amancane futhi elinamakha aphezulu; womabili akhombisa "obunye ubuso" besifundazwe.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* I-Shi Li Xiang — itiye okulula ukuliqonda hhayi ngokunambitheka kweqabunga lase-Yunnan elinamandla, kodwa ngomqondo wephunga elimnandi elithe xaxa lend awo ephakeme kanye nangenkumbulo ye-Kunming yakudala, lapho kwakuthiwa ngetiye elihle kalula nje: "ukuphuza — phuza i-Shi Li Xiang".
* "Iphunga elimnandi eliyi-*lǐ* eziyishumi" — ihaba: amagama "ephunga" afana nalawa ngokwesiko letiye laseShayina njalo akhombisa ukuthi itiye lalaziswa ngokukhethekile ngenxa yephunga lalo elimnandi.