---
title: "I-Shénnóngjià Chǎo Qīng"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/shennongjia-chao-qing
lang: zu
updated: 2026-04-08
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# I-Shénnóngjià Chǎo Qīng (神农架炒青, Shénnóngjià chǎo qīng)

I-Shénnóngjià Chǎo Qīng (神农架炒青, Shénnóngjià chǎo qīng) ithiyeni eliluhlaza elivela **“Ekhaya Letiye”**: endaweni yesifunda esigodliwe sasehlathini i-Shénnóngjià (神农架林区, Shénnóngjià Línqū) esifundazweni sase-Hubei — indawo lapho, ngokwesiko, uShennong oyinganekwane, uMlimi Waphezulu (神农氏, Shénnóng Shì) aqale khona ukuthola izakhiwo zokwelapha zetiye, ehlola amakhulu ezitshalo. Ngokuyikho lokho okulotshwe nguLu Yu esishweni sakhe esidumile: **«Ukuphuza itiye kwaqala ngoShénnóng»** (茶之为饮，发乎神农氏, chá zhī wéi yǐn, fā hū Shénnóng Shì) — umusho wokuqala mayelana netiye emibhalweni yomhlaba wonke. Amasimu etiye edolobhana i-Mùyú, ngokwezimfuneko zokuvikela “木鱼绿茶”, asendaweni ephakeme engamamitha angu-500–1 200, phakathi kwamahlathi endalo anembozo engu-88,6%, kanti ngo-2007 kwatholakala izihlahla zetiye zasendle lapha — ubufakazi obuphilayo bokuthi itiye likhula kulezi zintaba kusukela endulo.

**1. Izigaba kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiyeni eliluhlaza (elingavuthiwe). Likhiqizwa ngezindlela ezimbili: okuvamile okugazingiwe (炒青, chǎoqīng — imichilo eqinile esongekile) kanye nohlobo lwenalithi “芽茶” (yáchá — olusuka kumahlumela agcwele, okuyisicaba nokuqondile). Ngobuchwepheshe — olugazingiwe (炒青绿茶).

* **Isigaba:** Umkhiqizo Wophawu Lwendawo Kazwelonke (国家农产品地理标志, 2013 — ngaphansi kwophawu lwe-“Mùyú Lǜ Chá”, 木鱼绿茶). Ngo-2025, i-“木鱼绿茶” (*Mùyú lǜchá*) yafakwa ohlwini lwemikhiqizo yophawu lwendawo lweHhovisi Likazwelonke Lobunikazi Bokusungula e-PRC — isimemezelo esinguNombolo 640 sangoJulayi 16, 2025, umfakisicelo — umfelandawonye wobungcweti “Shénshān” wesifunda sasehlathini i-Shénnóngjià. Indawo — amadolobhana ayisishiyagalombili edolobhana i-Mùyú (Qīngtiān, Mùyú, Xiǎodāngyáng, Qīngfēng, Hónghuāpíng, Máohú, Sānduīhé, Jiǔchóng) kanye namakomidi amabili emigwaqo, i-Mùyúpíng ne-Hónghuāpíng; amasimu endaweni ephakeme engu-500–1 200 m. Umbhalo uvuma izinhlobo ezimbili: i-“yáchá” eyisicaba enephunga le-chestnut kanye ne-“chǎoqīng” emise okomucu (芽茶, 炒青). Amabhrendi “Shénnóng Qífēng” (神农奇峰) kanye ne-“Shénnóng Bìfēng” (神农碧峰) — “Amtiye Adumile ase-Hubei” (湖北名茶, 1992).

* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, Húběi), **i-Shénnóngjià Línqū (神农架林区)** — okuwukuphela kwesifunda sasehlathini (林区) ezingeni lesifundazwe e-China, okungesona isifunda noma idolobha. Indawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO (kusukela ngo-2016). Ingqikithi yendawo yetiye — idolobhana i-Mùyú Zhèn (木鱼镇, Mùyú Zhèn), amadolobhana i-Qīngtiāncūn (青天村), i-Hónghuāpíngcūn (红花坪村) kanye ne-Máohúcūn (茅胡村) — ngaphezu kuka-80% wetiye lamazinga aphezulu.

* **Izixhumanisi Zendawo:** Cishe 31°30′ enyakatho ye-latitude, 110°20′ empumalanga ye-longitude.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:** I-Shénnóngjià — ngokwezwi nezwi “Isitebhisi sikaShennong”: ngokwenganekwane, uMlimi Waphezulu oyinganekwane uShennong (神农氏) wakha izitebhisi zokhuni “izitebhisi” (架, jià) ukuze akhuphukele ezintabeni ahlole amakhulu ezitshalo efuna imithi. Ngelinye ilanga, esebulewe ushevu wotshani, wathola amaqabunga esihlahla setiye, okwanciphisa ushevu — kanjalo, ngokwenganekwane, kwatholakala umphumela wokwelapha wetiye. ULu Yu (陆羽) encwadini yakhe ethi “I-Chájīng” wawuqinisa lo mbhalo ngenkulumo: **«Ukuphuza itiye kwaqala ngoShénnóng»** (茶之为饮，发乎神农氏) — umusho owaba “yikhilomitha engu-0” yomlando wetiye emhlabeni.

	Umlando wanamuhla: ngo-1985 edolobhaneni i-Mùyú Zhèn kwaqalwa umsebenzi wokwenza amasimu etiye abesimanje. Ngo-1986 i-Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences yasiza ekwakheni amabhrendi “Shénnóng Qífēng” (神农奇峰, “Iziqongo Ezimangalisayo zikaShennong”) kanye ne-“Shénnóng Bìfēng” (神农碧峰, “Iziqongo Eziluhlaza Okotshani zikaShennong”). Ngo-1992 — i- “Shénnóng Qífēng” yathola isikhundla “Itiye Elidumile lase-Hubei”. Ngo-2007 kwatholakala into ebalulekile: emahlathini agodliwe e-Shénnóngjià kwatholakala **izihlahla zetiye zasendle** ([野生茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/ye-sheng-cha)树群落) — ubufakazi besayensi bokudala kwendawo yokutshala itiye. Ngo-2013 — i- “Mùyú Lǜ Chá” yathola ukuvikelwa kophawu lwendawo. Ngo-2024 — amasimu etiye angaphezu kwezinkundla eziyi-12 000 (800 ha), umthamo waminyaka yonke — amathani ayi-100 etiye elomile.

* **Igama:**

	* “Shénnóngjià” (神农架) — “Isitebhisi sikaShennong”: igama lesiqiwu sasehlathini, elihlotshaniswa nenganekwane ngoMlimi Waphezulu.
	* “Chǎo Qīng” (炒青) — “ukugazinga okuluhlaza”: kukhombisa ubuchwepheshe — ukugazinga okujwayelekile ebhodweni.

* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** I-Shénnóngjià — indawo lapho, ngokwesiko, **kwazalwa khona itiye njengophuzo**. Lokhu “yikhilomitha engu-0” yempucuko yetiye — hhayi kwezolimo (itiye njengesitshalo), kodwa ngomqondo wenganekwane namasiko. Emasikweni amaShayina, uShennong ungumuntu obaluleke kakhulu, njengoPrometheus kumaGrikhi: waletha kubantu kokubili ezolimo, imithi, kanye netiye. Itiye lase-Shénnóngjià akukhona nje uphuzo, kodwa ukuxhumana okuthintekayo “nesiqalo seziqalo”.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / I-cultivar:** Amaqembu ezintaba endawo e-cultivar *Camellia sinensis* var. *sinensis*, ejwayele isimo sezulu sasezintabeni eziphakeme sase-Shénnóngjià. Ngo-2007 emahlathini agodliwe kwatholakala **izihlahla zetiye zasendle** — ubufakazi bokuthi i-*Camellia sinensis* ikhula lapha ngokwemvelo, ngaphandle kokungeniswa.

* **Ukuvuna:** Intwasahlobo. Izinga lincike ohlotsheni:
	* **I-Yáchá / “Shénnóng Qífēng” (芽茶):** Amahlumela agcwele noma ihlumela elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa. Isimo esiyisicaba nesiqondile esinoboya obuningi. Iphunga le-chestnut. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu.
	* **I-Chǎo Qīng (炒青):** Ihlumela elilodwa namaqabunga amabili. Isimo esiqinile esisongekile. Iphunga elihlanzekile. Uhlobo oluningi.

* **Amazinga:**
	* **Tèjí (特级):** Amahlumela agcwele noma ihlumela elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa. Iqinile, ilingana, inoboya. Iphunga le-chestnut. ~550 yuan nge-jīn.
	* **Yījí (一级):** Ihlumela elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa. Ugwayi oluluhlaza ngokugqamile. Ukunambitheka okusha nokuthambile. ~300 yuan (okungafakwanga ezipeni).
	* **Èrjí (二级):** Ihlumela elilodwa namaqabunga amabili. Iphunga elihlanzekile. Esezikhwameni zetiye. ~160 yuan.

**4. Indawo Yetiye kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Indawo:** Izintaba zase-Shénnóngjià — ingxenye yezintaba zase-Dàbāshān (大巴山脉), lapho kuhlangana khona i-Hubei, i-Sichuan kanye ne-Shaanxi. Indawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO (2016). Ukuphela “kwesifunda sasehlathini” (林区) ezingeni lesifundazwe e-China.

* **Ubude bokuphakama:** Ngokwezimfuneko zokuvikela “木鱼绿茶” — 500–1 200 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.

* **Isimo sezulu:** Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo — 12°C (elilodwa eliphansi kakhulu phakathi kwezindawo zokutshala itiye). Umehluko wosuku nosuku — >10°C. Imvula yonyaka — 850–2 500 mm (ububanzi obukhulu kuye ngobude). Inani lezinsuku ezinamafu nenkungu ngonyaka ngokwesilinganiso — **>200**. Ingxenye yokukhanya okuhlakazekile — **>70%**.

* **Umhlabathi:** Umhlabathi ophuzi ngokunsundu one-acidi encane (微酸性黄棕壤), i-pH 5.5–6.9. Okuqukethwe yi-organic matter — ≥15 g/kg. Kucebise ngokwemvelo **nge-zinc ne-selenium**. Izinsiza zamanzi — iziphethu zezintaba zezinga likahulumeni I.

* **Imvelo:** Izinga lamahlathi — **88.6%** — elinye lamazinga aphezulu kakhulu kuzo zonke izindawo zokutshala itiye emhlabeni. Amasimu etiye ahlanganiswa nehlathi lasendulo. Ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kokusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ezinamakhemikhali — ukulawula izinambuzane **ngendlela yemvelo** (瓢虫生物控虫, “amabhungane amancane”). Lokhu — empeleni “itiye elivela ehlathini langempela”.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokugazinga (炒青) ngenkulumo ethi “高温快炒” (gāowēn kuàichǎo — “ukugazinga ngokushesha ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu”) kanye ne-“三次成形” (sāncì chéngxíng — “ukwakheka ngezigaba ezintathu”).

* **Ukumiswa (摊晾 — tānliàng):** Amahora ama-3–4.

* **Ukuqinisa (杀青 — shāqīng):** Ku-140–160°C ebhodweni lensimbi. Indlela ethi “抖闷” (dǒumèn — ukuphakamisa nokubila). Inkulumo ethi “高温快炒” — “ukugazinga ngokushesha ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu” — imisa i-oxidation futhi “ivale” ama-polyphenols, ilondoloze ukusha.

* **Ukusonga (揉捻 — róuniǎn):** Ezitsheni zoqalo, ngesandla noma ngomshini.

* **Ukugazinga nokwakha (炒干 — chǎogān):** Ukoma kanye nokwakha ngesikhathi esisodwa — “边炒边整形” (biān chǎo biān zhěngxíng). Okwesithathu “ezigabeni ezintathu zokwakheka”.

* **Ukuvula iphunga (提香 — tíxiāng):** Ukufudumeza kokugcina kwesikhashana.

**6. Izimpawu Zokunambitha Nokuzwa:**

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Uhlobo lwe-“chǎo qīng” — imichilo eqinile, esongekile (条索紧结卷曲), eluhlaza okotshani ocebile, inoboya. Uhlobo lwe-“yáchá” — isicaba, iqondile, inoboya obuningi besiliva (扁直挺秀，显毫).

* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** I-chestnut (栗香) — inothi eliyinhloko ye-“yáchá”. Okuluhlaza okuhlanzekile (清香) — kwe-“chǎo qīng”. Ukushaya kwezimbali (带花香) — emaqoqweni asentwasahlobo. Iphunga elisele enkomishini engenalutho — >5 imizuzu.

* **Iphunga logwayi:** Liphakeme, lihlala njalo, lihlanzekile (清高持久).

* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha nokunamanzi (鲜爽) — ama-amino acid ≥4.0%. Okuqinile nokugcwele (醇厚) — ama-polyphenols ≥12%. Ubumnandi obubuyayo obubonakalayo (回甘明显). Ubukrakra — buncane kakhulu (涩感微弱).

* **Umbala wogwayi:** Oluhlaza ngokumthubi, ohlanzekile futhi obale (黄绿清澈明亮).

* **Amabibi etiye:** Amahlumela amancane, aluhlaza, alinganayo, athambile, “aqoqwe abe izimbali” (嫩绿匀整、柔软成朵).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

* **Ama-Polyphenols (ama-catechins):** ≥12% — okuqukethwe okulingene, okunikeza ukulinganisela ngaphandle kobukrakra obuqinile.
* **Ama-Amino acid:** ≥4.0% — ngaphezu kwesilinganiso. Isici esibalulekile sokusha nobumnandi.
* **I-Selenium (硒):** Okuqukethwe — **okuphindwe izikhathi ezimbili** kunamanye amatiye aluhlaza avamile. Umhlabathi we-selenium e-Shénnóngjià — ingxenye “ye-selenium belt” yase-Hubei.
* **Ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokunciphisa ama-radicals amahhala:** Okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-18 kune-vitamin E.
* **Ama-Alkaloids:** I-caffeine — okuqukethwe okulingene.
* **I-Zinc:** Okuqukethwe okukhuphukile — okuvela emhlabathini wezintaba.
* **Amavithamini:** I-Vitamin C, ama-carotenoids.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

* **Ukuvikela emisebeni (高效防辐射):** I-Selenium (okuphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kunesilinganiso) ihlanza ama-radicals amahhala emisebe ngempumelelo engaphezu kuka-60% kunetiye elivamile.
* **Umphumela we-antioxidant:** Ama-Polyphenols — ukusebenza ngempumelelo okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-18 kune-vitamin E, ukunciphisa ukuguga kwesikhumba.
* **Ukulawula isisindo noshukela (降脂控糖):** Ama-Catechins avimbela ukumuncwa kwamafutha. Ngokocwaningo, ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela emva kokuphuza izinsuku ezingama-60, izinga likashukela lingaphansi kwe-12% (uma kuqhathaniswa no-8% wetiye eliluhlaza elivamile).
* **Umphumela wokuvuselela:** I-Caffeine ne-L-theanine.

* **Okubalulekile:** akukhona ukwelulekwa kwezokwelapha.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85°C (amanzi abilayo, apholile ~90 imizuzwana).

* **Inani letiye:** Amagremu ama-3 ku-150 ml (isilinganiso 1:50).

* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe yobumba. Amanzi — angathathi hlangothi noma ane-acidi encane asezintabeni (忌碱性水 — ungasebenzisi amanzi ane-alkali).

* **Inqubo:**
	1. Fudumeza, uthele itiye.
	2. Thela u-1/3, unyakazise — “vula iphunga” (摇香).
	3. Thela kuze kube ngu-7/10. Gcoba imizuzu emi-2.
	4. Itiye lihlala liphinda liphiswe izikhathi ezi-3.

* **Qaphela:** Ungadluli ku-500 ml ngosuku (ukulawula i-caffeine). Phakathi kwetiye nemithi — okungenani ihora elilodwa (ama-tannins anciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-iron).

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

* Kuvalwe kahle, endaweni emnyama nepholile. Esiqandisini ku-0–5°C.
* Isikhathi — izinyanga eziyi-12.

**11. Intengo kanye Nokukhohlisa:**

Amazinga amathathu: Tèjí (~550 yuan/jīn), Yījí (~300), Èrjí (~160).

* **Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhohlisa:** Thenga ngophawu lwe-GI “木鱼绿茶”; hlola iphunga le-chestnut (yáchá) noma eliluhlaza elimsulwa (chǎo qīng); hlola ukuthamba kokunambitheka ngaphandle kokubukrakra.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* I-Shénnóngjià — **“Ikhaya Letiye” eliyinganekwane**: kulapho uLu Yu eqala khona umlando wokuphuza itiye. “茶之为饮，发乎神农氏” — “Ukuphuza itiye kwaqala ngoShénnóng” — umusho wokuqala mayelana netiye emibhalweni yomhlaba. Ukuphuza itiye lase-Shénnóngjià kusho ukuthinta “ikhilomitha engu-0” yempucuko yetiye.

* Ngo-2007 emahlathini endalo e-Shénnóngjià kwatholakala **izihlahla zetiye zasendle** — ubufakazi besayensi bokuthi i-*Camellia sinensis* ikhula lapha ngokwemvelo.

* Izinga lamahlathi **88.6%** — elinye lamazinga aphezulu kakhulu phakathi kwezindawo zokutshala itiye emhlabeni. Ukulawula izinambuzane — **ngokwemvelo kuphela** (amabhungane amancane).

* I-Shénnóngjià — Indawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO (2016), esinye sezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-biosphere e-China. Lapha kuhlala izinkawu ezisagolide, amabhele amhlophe kanye nezinye izilwane eziyingqayizivele.

* I-Selenium etiyeni — iphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kunesilinganiso, futhi ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokuvikela emisebeni — kungaphezu kuka-60%: I-Shénnóngjià Chǎo Qīng — elinye lamatiye aluhlaza “akwazi ukuvikela emisebeni” kakhulu.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza ase-Hubei:**

* **Cǎihuā [Máo Jiān](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mao-jian) ([采花毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/caihua-mao-jian)):** Inombolo 1 e-Hubei, “itiye lase-Diàoyútái”. I-Cǎihuā — “iphethe amandla” futhi inhle; i-Shénnóngjià — “yasendle” futhi inamaminerali amaningi.

* **Ēnshī Yǔ Lù ([恩施玉露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-yulu)):** Ephekiwe ngomphunga (蒸青), enomlingiswa “waseJapan”. I-Yǔ Lù — inambitheka “njengomhluzi”; i-Shénnóngjià — inambitheka ikakhulukazi njenge-chestnut “nehlathi”.

* **Xiānrénzhǎng Chá ([仙人掌茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xianrenzhang-cha)):** Nayo ingeyase-Hubei, nayo ihlotshaniswa nenganekwane (igama layo lanikezwa nguLi Bai). I-Xiānrénzhǎng — ephekiwe ngomphunga, “enesimo sentende”; i-Shénnóngjià — egazingiwe, isongekile.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Shénnóngjià Chǎo Qīng — itiye elivela ekuqaleni kweziqalo. Uma wonke amatiye ase-China engamagatsha esihlahla esisodwa, khona-ke lesi sihlahla sinezimpande ezijule ezintabeni zase-Shénnóngjià, lapho uMlimi Waphezulu oyinganekwane wahlafuna khona iqabunga eliluhlaza wathola ukuthi ubuthi buyehlehla. ULu Yu wawuqinisa lo mbhalo ku-“Chájīng”, kanti amasimu etiye aseduze kwedolobha i-Mùyú — endaweni ephakeme engu-800–1 500 m, phakathi kwamahlathi endalo anembozo engu-88,6%, lapho amabhungane amancane evikela isivuno esikhundleni sezibulala-zinambuzane — awuhlanganisa enkomishini ngayinye. Okusha, okunambitheka njenge-chestnut, okunamaminerali, okune-selenium ephindwe izikhathi ezimbili kunesilinganiso — leli tiye ngeke limangaze ngokungajwayelekile futhi ngeke likuhungule ngekhazikhazi, kodwa lizokunikeza okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu: umphunga ovela emthonjeni oneminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezintathu ubudala.

**14. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza esifundazweni sase-Hubei:**

* **Cǎihuā Máo Jiān (采花毛尖):** Inombolo 1 e-Hubei, “itiye lase-Diàoyútái”. I-Cǎihuā “iphethe amandla” futhi inhle; i-Shénnóngjià “yasendle” futhi inamaminerali amaningi.

* **Ēnshī Yǔ Lù (恩施玉露):** Ephekiwe ngomphunga (蒸青), enomlingiswa “waseJapan”. I-Yǔ Lù inambitheka “njengomhluzi”; i-Shénnóngjià inambitheka ikakhulukazi njenge-chestnut “nehlathi”.

* **Xiānrénzhǎng Chá (仙人掌茶):** Nayo ingeyase-Hubei, nayo ihlotshaniswa nenganekwane (igama layo lanikezwa nguLi Bai). I-Xiānrénzhǎng — ephekiwe ngomphunga, “enesimo sentende”; i-Shénnóngjià — egazingiwe, isongekile.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Shénnóngjià Chǎo Qīng — itiye elivela ekuqaleni kweziqalo. Uma wonke amatiye ase-China engamagatsha esihlahla esisodwa, khona-ke izimpande zalesi sihlahla zijule ezintabeni zase-Shénnóngjià, lapho uMlimi Waphezulu oyinganekwane wahlafuna khona iqabunga eliluhlaza wathola ukuthi ubuthi buyehlehla. ULu Yu wawuqinisa lo mbhalo ku-“Chájīng”, kanti amasimu etiye aseduze kwedolobha i-Mùyú — endaweni ephakeme engu-800–1 500 m, phakathi kwamahlathi endalo anembozo engu-88,6%, lapho amabhungane amancane evikela isivuno esikhundleni sezibulala-zinambuzane — awuhlanganisa enkomishini ngayinye. Okusha, okunambitheka njenge-chestnut, okunamaminerali, okune-selenium ephindwe izikhathi ezimbili kunesilinganiso — leli tiye ngeke limangaze ngokungajwayelekile futhi ngeke likuhungule ngekhazikhazi, kodwa lizokunikeza okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu: umphunga ovela emthonjeni oneminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezintathu ubudala.