---
title: "Rìzhào hóngchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/rizhao-hongcha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Rìzhào hóngchá (日照红茶)

**I-Rizhao Hongcha** (*Rìzhào hóngchá*, 日照红茶) itiye elibomvu lasedolobheni lase-Rizhao (日照市) ogwini loLwandle Oluphuzi, esifundazweni sase-Shandong. I-Rizhao yaziwa kakhulu ngetiye eliluhlaza, futhi itiye elibomvu lapha liwumugqa wesibili. Igama livikelwe uphawu lwendawo No. 13198463 embonini yokuthengisa "itiye"; umnikazi — I-Lanshan District Agricultural Technical Service Association (日照市岚山区农业技术服务协会). Uphawu luqukethwe ohlwini lombiko wonyaka we-Trademark Bureau wango-2014. Izidingo zophawu mayelana nokubukeka nobuchwepheshe angizange ngizibone, ngakho konke okwaziwayo mayelana nokunambitheka kwaleli tiye kuthathwe ezincazelweni zemikhiqizo yokuhweba, hhayi embhalweni wokuvikela.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye elibomvu (红茶, *hóngchá*), elibiliswe ngokuphelele; isigaba siqanjwe egameni.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye elibomvu lasenyakatho laseShandong; uphawu lokuhweba lwendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Shandong (山东, *Shāndōng*), idolobha lase-Rizhao (日照, *Rìzhào*), isifunda sase-Lanshan (岚山区, *Lánshān qū*).
* **Indlela yokuvikela:** Uphawu lwendawo No. 13198463, umkhiqizo — itiye. Umbiko wonyaka we-"China Trademark Strategy" wango-2014 uwufaka ohlwini lwezimpawu zendawo "ezibhalisiwe futhi ezamukelwe ngaphambilini" zonyaka, ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa lezi zimo ezimbili. Ukuphrintwa kabusha kwezindaba ngophawu, ngaphandle kosuku, kuthi "日照红茶" ibhaliswe njengophawu lwesitifiketi sendawo.
* **Ingabe kusasebenza njengamanje:** Akuqinisekisiwe. Uphawu lokuhweba eChina lubhaliswa iminyaka eyishumi ngelungelo lokunwetshwa; imininingwane yokunwetshwa kwalolu phawu ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Indawo:** Umnikazi wophawu use-Lanshan District, kodwa lokhu ikheli lakhe, hhayi umngcele wendawo; imithetho yokusetshenziswa kophawu enencazelo yendawo angiyitholanga.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** I-Lanshan District — cishe u-35.1° N no-119.3° E.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **1956.** Ngokombiko we-"Zhongguo zhiliang xinwen wang" (2024), isifunda sase-Rizhao, manje oseyidolobha, sakhethwa eqenjini lokuqala lezifunda — izisekelo zokuhlola zetiye laseningizimu.
    * **2013 nangemva kwalokho.** Ngokwezindaba eziphrintiwe kabusha, ngo-2013 i-Rizhao Lü Cha ([日照绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/rizhao-lucha)) yangena "ezimpawini eziyishumi zendawo zaseShandong"; ngemva kwalokho ihhovisi likamasipala lezohwebo nezimboni lathatha uphawu olulandelayo futhi lasiza inhlangano yaseLanshan ukuthi ifake isicelo se-"日照红茶".
    * **2014.** Uphawu No. 13198463 lwangena ohlwini lonyaka lwe-Trademark Bureau.
    * **Ngemva kokubhaliswa.** Ngokwezindaba ezifanayo, uphawu bekufanele luzuzise cishe izinkulungwane zamapulazi etiye.
    * **2024.** Ngokombiko wokubhekelwa kwemakethe yaseRizhao, kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka kuhlolwe amaqoqo angaphezu kuka-230 e-"日照绿茶（红茶）" — itiye eliluhlaza nelibomvu lesifunda.
* **Igama:** "Rizhao" (日照) yigama lesifunda, ngokwezwi nezwi "ukukhanya kwelanga"; "hongcha" (红茶) — "itiye elibomvu".
* **Amagama okuhweba:** Iqoqo lokufunda lamatiye adumile ngezifundazwe libhala nge-"日照红梅" — "i-Rizhao red plum" — futhi libiza ngalo elinye igama le-Rizhao Hongcha. Ngokwaleli qoqo, itiye lidabuka edolobhaneni lase-Houcun (后村镇) esifundeni sase-Lanshan, ladalwa umhloli wetiye kahulumeni kusuka ezintweni zokuphila zendawo futhi laqanjwa ngephunga, lapho kuzwakala khona i-wintersweet (腊梅). Ukuthi "日照红梅" ihlobana kanjani nophawu, akukacaci emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Esifundeni itiye eliyinhloko liyiluhlaza; iqoqo lokufunda libiza ngalo "itiye lokuqala enyakatho ye-Yangtze". Itiye elibomvu lakhula eduze, esifundeni esifanayo, futhi lathola igama lalo nophawu lwalo.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Izinhlobo azitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Ngokweqoqo lokufunda — izinto eziphilayo zedolobhana lase-Houcun; imininingwane ayikho.
* **Ukuqoqwa kanye nezinga lokuqoqa:** Imininingwane ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Iningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Shandong, ugu loLwandle Oluphuzi.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokweqoqo lokufunda — imvula eningi epholile efudumele, enelanga eliningi nemvula. I-athikili ethandwayo yengeza ukuthi isifunda siyindawo enkulu yokutshala itiye esenyakatho kakhulu ezweni, enokukhanya okusabalalisekile nomoya oswakeme.
* **Indawo:** Ngokwe-athikili efanayo ethandwayo — izintaba eziphansi ezinemithambeka emincane namagquma ezintaba zase-Jiazishan (甲子山), Wenshan (文山), Wulianshan (五莲山) no-Fulaishan (浮来山).
* **Inhlabathi:** I-acidic ephuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤), ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo — kanjalo iqoqo lokufunda lichaza inhlabathi yesifunda.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Imininingwane ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isilinganiso:** Ngokombiko we-"Zhongguo zhiliang xinwen wang" (2024), esifundeni kunezinsimu zetiye ezingaba ngu-20,000 ha, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwemboni ngonyaka kubiza u-3.7 biliyoni yuan — lokhu kuyitiye lonke lesifunda, ikakhulukazi eliluhlaza; ukuthi lingakanani elibomvu akushiwongo.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe be-Rizhao Hongcha abutholakali emithonjeni etholakele. Itiye elibomvu ukulandelana okuvamile kunje:

1.  **Ukuvutshelwa (萎凋, *wěidiāo*):** Iqabunga lilahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama bese liba lithambile.
2.  **Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Amaseli eqabunga ayaphuka, ubisi luphumela phezulu.
3.  **Ukuvutshelwa (发酵, *fājiào*):** I-oxidation, lapho iqabunga liba bomvu.
4.  **Ukomiswa (干燥, *gānzào*):** I-oxidation iyamiswa futhi iphunga liyaqiniswa.

Lena indlela ejwayelekile yesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe be-Rizhao Hongcha.

**6. Izici Zokunambitheka:**

Ngezansi kunezincazelo zamagama okuhweba "日照红梅" ne-"日照红" ezivela eqoqweni lokufunda nase-athikilini ethandwayo, hhayi izidingo zophawu. Amaphomula azo acishe afane: i-athikili ethandwayo ibhala 外形紧结乌润、汤色红艳明亮、滋味厚滑鲜醇、蜜糖香气高锐且经冲耐泡; umehluko kuphela ephunga — ngawo ngezansi.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Lisontwe ngokuqinile, limnyama elinokucwebezela okunamafutha (紧结乌润).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshala:** Uju noshukela (蜜糖香气) enomsindo we-wintersweet; i-athikili ethandwayo ibiza iphunga loju njengeliphakeme nelibukhali, kanti iqoqo libiza iphunga le-wintersweet. Kuphinde kwehluke ukubhalwa: iqoqo libhala "腊梅香韵" — "umsindo we-wintersweet", i-athikili ethandwayo ibhala "腊香韵", ngaphandle kwe-"梅"; ukuthi yikuphi ukubhalwa okulungile, angikutholanga.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okuminyene, okushelelayo, okusha nokuthambile (厚滑鲜醇); itiye limelana nokuthelwa okuningi.
* **Umbala wotshala:** Obomvu ogqamile, osobala (红艳明亮).
* **Insalela yetiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe):** Imininingwane ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane yemizwa yomzimba ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngokusebenza kwaleli tiye ngqo ayikho.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba wetiye elibomvu.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 90–95 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3–5 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** I-gaiwan noma i-teapot encane ye-porcelain.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Beka itiye.
    3. Ukuthelwa kokuqala — cishe umzuzu owodwa, kuthelwe konke.
    4. Thela ezinkomishini.
    5. Ukuphindaphinda kathathu noma kane, ngakunye kube kude okungaphezulu kunokwedlule.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivaleke ngokuqinile, endaweni eyomile emnyama ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, kude namaphunga; isiqandisi asidingeki etiyeni elibomvu.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Imininingwane yamanani ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Indlela yokugwema imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Bheka ephaketheni uphawu "日照红茶" nemvume yomnikazi — i-Lanshan District Agricultural Technical Service Association.
    * Khumbula ukuthi ukusebenza kophawu njengamanje akuqinisekisiwe: umbhalo ngokwawo awubona ubufakazi.
    * Ungaphambanisi ne-Rizhao Lü Cha (日照绿茶): lokhu igama elihlukile nesigaba esihlukile.
    * Khumbula ukuthi "日照红梅" ne-"日照红" amagama okuhweba; imininingwane yokuthi ukubukeka kwawo kulawulwa uphawu ayikho.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Umnikazi wophawu akayona inhlangano yetiye, kodwa inhlangano yezinsizakalo zezolimo zesifunda esisodwa.
* Izindaba eziphrintiwe kabusha zibala izimpawu zendawo ezingamashumi amabili e-Rizhao, kodwa zibala ngegama eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye; ezimbili zazo zetiye — eliluhlaza nelibomvu.
* Izincazelo ezimbili zetiye elilodwa ziyehluka ngohlamvu olulodwa: "umsindo we-wintersweet" komunye umthombo uphenduka "腊香韵" komunye.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye asenyakatho:**

* **I-Rizhao Lü Cha (日照绿茶):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esifanayo, umkhiqizo oyinhloko wetiye laseRizhao, onokuvikelwa kwawo.
* **I-Taishan Hongcha ([泰山红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/taishan-hongcha-shandong)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda sase-Taian enkabeni ye-Shandong; ngokungafani ne-Rizhao Hongcha, linemibandela eshicilelwe yokubukeka nokwakheka.
* **I-Laoshan Hong Cha ([崂山红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/laoshan-hongcha)):** Elinye itiye elibomvu lasogwini lwaseShandong, lisuka entabeni yase-Laoshan ngaphansi kwe-Qingdao.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Rizhao Hongcha iphila emthunzini wetiye eliluhlaza laseRizhao elidumile: igama elinophawu lwendawo lwango-2014, umnikazi e-Lanshan District, futhi ukubukeka, okwaziwa ngemikhiqizo yokuhweba, — iqabunga elimnyama eliminyene, utshala obomvu ogqamile kanye nephunga loju elinomsindo we-wintersweet. Imibhalo ngayo mincane, futhi umbuzo oyinhloko — ingabe uphawu lusasebenza namuhla — okwamanje awunampendulo.